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- Localist groups, or localist and self-determination groups, are the various groups with localist ideologies in Hong Kong. It emerged from post-80s social movements in the late 2000s which centred on the preservation of the city's autonomy and local lifestyles and opposed the perceived growing encroachment of the Beijing government on the city's management of its own political, economic, and social affairs. Many of them have distinct point of view from pan-democrats, and advocate the Hong Kong people's right to self-determination, while milder elements advocate for greater autonomy while remaining part of China, and the most radical call for the return to British rule or full independence as a sovereign state. Certain right-wing localist groups also advocate for a more aggressive and militant stance against the mainland government in defending indigenous interests. For that reason, they are labelled as "radicals" and "secessionists" by the Beijing government. The localists gained significant traction following widespread protests in 2014 against the Chinese government's decision to pre-screen Chief Executive candidates before allowing them to be chosen by the general public in the 2017 election. Following these protests, a number of localist political parties were formed, organising protests and participated in Legislative Council elections. They won a total numbers of six seats (excluding Claudia Mo) with 19 per cent of vote share (excluding Claudia Mo and Gary Fan) in the 2016 Legislative Council election. After the election, the left-wing localists Nathan Law and Lau Siu-lai, as well as the right-wing localists Baggio Leung and Yau Wai-ching of Youngspiration, were unseated from the Legislative Council over the oath-taking controversy. Since 2019 Hong Kong protests, localists were largely absorbed into the broader spectrum of the pro-democracy camp, with the notable exception of Civic Passion, Hong Kong Resurgence Order, Hong Kong Civile Party and other fringe activists. (en)
- 本土派（ほんどは）は香港人の利益を出発点として、香港の主体性と香港文化を強調する政治・経済的な派閥である。本土派は香港人の定義を「香港を擁護し、共同の核心文化、価値を守る人」と定め、それ自身がそのアイデンティティを強化し、香港と中国本土との融和と香港への中国政府による政治介入に対抗することを目指している。 (ja)
- 본토파(本土派, Localist groups)는 중국정부에 반대 (친설립파) 할뿐만 아니라, 홍콩의 민주화 (민주파)를 넘어 홍콩의 독립 혹은 민족주의를 꾀하려는 세력들을 말한다. (ko)
- 本土派（英語：Localist groups），泛指以香港人的利益為出發點，強調香港的主體性和香港文化的政治派系，認為香港人的定義為擁護香港、守護共同的核心文化、價值的身份認同，對抗港中融合及中央政府對香港的政治干預。2019年反送中運動後，部分視為民主派成員，而修憲派則從本土派分裂出來發展。 (zh)
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- 本土派（ほんどは）は香港人の利益を出発点として、香港の主体性と香港文化を強調する政治・経済的な派閥である。本土派は香港人の定義を「香港を擁護し、共同の核心文化、価値を守る人」と定め、それ自身がそのアイデンティティを強化し、香港と中国本土との融和と香港への中国政府による政治介入に対抗することを目指している。 (ja)
- 본토파(本土派, Localist groups)는 중국정부에 반대 (친설립파) 할뿐만 아니라, 홍콩의 민주화 (민주파)를 넘어 홍콩의 독립 혹은 민족주의를 꾀하려는 세력들을 말한다. (ko)
- 本土派（英語：Localist groups），泛指以香港人的利益為出發點，強調香港的主體性和香港文化的政治派系，認為香港人的定義為擁護香港、守護共同的核心文化、價值的身份認同，對抗港中融合及中央政府對香港的政治干預。2019年反送中運動後，部分視為民主派成員，而修憲派則從本土派分裂出來發展。 (zh)
- Localist groups, or localist and self-determination groups, are the various groups with localist ideologies in Hong Kong. It emerged from post-80s social movements in the late 2000s which centred on the preservation of the city's autonomy and local lifestyles and opposed the perceived growing encroachment of the Beijing government on the city's management of its own political, economic, and social affairs. (en)
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