Zinare
 zinare | |
|---|---|
chemical element (en)  , metallic material (en) , allergen (en) da precious metal (en) | |
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
noble metal (en) |
| Bangare na |
period 6 (en) da group 11 (en) |
| Color (en) |
gold (en) |
| Mai ganowa ko mai ƙirƙira | unknown value |
| Time of discovery or invention (en) | 6 millennium "BCE" |
| Element symbol (en) | Au |
| Sinadaran dabara | Au |
| Canonical SMILES (en) | [Au] |
| Crystal system (en) |
cubic crystal system (en) |
| Medical condition treated (en) | Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai |
| Thomson Reuters Business Classification (en) | 51201060 |
Zinariya ƙarfe ne mai laushi. Kayan sinadari ne. Alamar sa ta sinadarai ita ce Au. Lambar atomic ta ita ce 79. A matsayin ƙarfe mai daraja, mutane a duk faɗin duniya suna amfani da shi na dubban shekaru, don kayan ado, da kuɗi. Zinariya yana da mahimmanci saboda yana da wuya, amma kuma yana da sauƙin amfani fiye da sauran ƙananan karafa. Ana kuma amfani da shi don gyara da kuma maye gurbin hakora, da na'urorin lantarki, kamar na'ura mai kwakwalwa. Ana kuma kiran launin wannan karfen zinariya.
Hanyoyin haƙar ma'adanai don zinare suna kama da sauran karafa. Zinariya tana da daraja ta yadda gano sabon wuri da aka gano ma'adinan ya haifar da saurin gwal a wasu lokuta. Mafi zurfin wuraren aiki ga masu hakar ma'adanai a duniya suna cikin ma'adanan zinare na Afirka ta Kudu.
Sau da yawa, ana samun zinari azaman ƙarfe na asali. Wannan yana nufin ba wani ɓangare na ma'adanai ba ne, kuma baya buƙatar narkewa. Yana iya zama a cikin manya, tsaftataccen ɗigo amma sau da yawa dole ne a rabu da sauran ma'adanai da ƙasa.
Mafi yawan zinare a duniya yana ƙarƙashin ƙasa domin yana da yawa. Kusan duk zinaren da aka gano an ajiye su a saman meteorites.[1][2]
Kadara
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ilmin sunadarai, zinare shine sinadarai 79, karfen mika mulki a rukuni na 11. Yana da nauyin atomic na 199.966 a.m.u. Alamarta ita ce Au, daga kalmar Latin don zinariya, aurum. Yana da "karfe mai daraja" ma'ana yana da ƙananan amsawar sinadarai.
Zinariya abu ce mai laushi sosai. Yana da malle-lalle, ma'ana maƙerin zinare na iya tursasa shi cikin siraran ƙarfe. Hakanan yana da ductile, wanda ke nufin ana iya ja shi cikin waya. Idan aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kuɗi ko kayan ado, sau da yawa ana haɗa shi da azurfa ko wani ƙarfe don yin tauri.
Yawancin karafa suna da launin toka. Zinariya rawaya ce saboda yadda electrons dinsa ke nuna hali. Wani ƙarfen da aka saba amfani da shi wanda ba shi da launin toka shine jan karfe. Haka kuma Cesium yana da kala kamar zinare, amma ba a saba amfani da shi a matsayin karfe domin yana amsawa da ruwa.
Zinariya ita ce jagorar wutar lantarki mai kyau, ta fi aluminum, amma ba ta kai tagulla ko azurfa ba. Copper da tagulla masu haɗa wutar lantarki, musamman waɗanda aka yi amfani da su da kwamfuta da na'urorin sauti/bidiyo, galibi ana lulluɓe su da zinare don juriyar lalata. Zinariya kuma ita ce mai kula da zafi mai kyau, duk da cewa ba a saba amfani da shi don haka ba saboda tsadar sa.
Harshe da al'adu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Zinariya na iya nufin cewa wani abu ko wani yana da kyau sosai ko kuma ya yi kyau sosai. Yawancin zinare ana ba da lambar yabo ga wanda ya zo na farko a tsere ko wasu wasanni. Wani abu da yake a wata hanya mai kyau ana iya ba shi matsayin zinariya.[3][4][5]
Kiyayewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Zinariya ta ƙarfe ba mai guba ba ce, wanda ba sabon abu bane ga ƙarfe mai nauyi. Abubuwan haɗin gwal masu narkewa, duk da tana, suna da guba ga hanta da koda. Zinariya ba ta ƙonewa, ko da a cikin tsaftataccen yanayi na iskar oxygen ko kuma lokacin da aka feshe shi da kyau. Ba ya amsa da mafi yawan sinadarai na gida ko dakin gwaje-gwaje. Zinariya yawanci ana sarrafa su da cyanide, wanda yake da guba sosai. Yawancin cyanide ya lalace a cikin tsarin samarwa, don haka ba a cikin samfurin ƙarshe ba, amma yana iya zama haɗari ga ma'aikata a cikin masana'antar sarrafa gwal. Tunda zinari yana gudanar da wutar lantarki, kada a taɓa sanya kayan ado na zinariya lokacin aiki da wutar lantarki.[6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Duckenfield, Mark (2016). The Monetary History of Gold: A Documentary History, 1660–1999. Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 9781315476124.
Its scarcity makes it a useful store of value; however, its relative rarity reduced its utility as a currency, especially for transactions in small denominations.
- ↑ Pearce, Susan M. (1993). Museums, Objects, and Collections: A Cultural Study. Smithsonian Books. p. 53. ISBN 9781588345172.
Its scarcity makes it a useful store of value; however, its relative rarity reduced its utility as a currency, especially for transactions in small denominations. ... Rarity is, nevertheless, in itself a source of value, and so is the degree of difficulty which surrounds the winning of the raw material, especially if it is exotic and has to be brought some distance. Gold is, geologically, a relatively rare material on earth and occurs only in specific places which are remote from most other places.
- ↑ H. G. Bachmann, The lure of gold : an artistic and cultural history (2006).
- ↑ Boulanouar, Aisha Wood (2011). Myths and Reality: Meaning in Moroccan Muslim Women's Dress (Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy). University of Otago. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.832.2031. hdl:10523/1748.
- ↑ Poonai, Anand (2015). "Islamic Male Clothing". Who We Are & What We Wear. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
- ↑ Singh, Harbhajan (2006). Mycoremediation: Fungal Bioremediation. p. 509. ISBN 978-0-470-05058-3.
Other websites
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Atomic Properties
- Gold Institute
- Gold -Citizendium