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- Abiy Ahmed became the Prime Minister of Ethiopia on 2 April 2018. He was formerly the chairman of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) from 2018 until its dissolution in 2019 being replaced by the Prosperity Party. Since taking office, Abiy released a number of political prisoners jailed by the former ruling party EPRDF and embarked on major reforms in the country, seeking liberalization. For example, the downsizing of state-owned enterprises and encouraging privatization. In October 2019, Abiy received the Nobel Peace Prize for ending hostile tensions between Ethiopia and Eritrea during the 2019 summit. However, ethnic factions and violence continued and eventually became a severe issue during his tenure, and his government was described as shifting into an authoritarian style over the next two years. Hostility between the Tigray authority led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and the federal government increased following the 2020 regional election in Tigray Region, which the government deemed "illegal." In November 2020, the Tigray War was started between the Ethiopian government and the Tigray government, with respective military and paramilitary allies. The war caused civilian casualties and thousands of displacements. According to the UN, 108 civilians have been killed during the conflict since its beginning in 2022. (en)
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