×

Optimal extended warranty strategy: uniform or nonuniform pricing? (English) Zbl 07768643

Summary: Manufacturers are increasingly selling extended warranties to achieve high profitability. An important question is to sell the traditional or flexible extended warranty (TEW vs. FEW). TEW is sold at the time of product sales with a uniform price, while FEW can be sold at the time of product sales (the first point) or at the end of base warranty (the second point) with nonuniform prices. When selling FEW, manufacturers need to decide whether to preannounce the difference between the first-point and second-point warranty prices. To address such challenging issues, we develop theoretical models regarding selling TEW or FEW and find that neither of the two warranty services is always superior to the other. Particularly, FEW outperforms TEW when the manufacturer’s cost efficiency of warranty is relatively high and/or the total warranty duration is relatively short. Interestingly, when selling FEW, it is not always better off concealing the price difference information, which is counterintuitive.
{© 2018 The Authors. International Transactions in Operational Research © 2018 International Federation of Operational Research Societies}

MSC:

90-XX Operations research, mathematical programming
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Amazon, 2017. Extended warranties. Available at http://www.amazon.cn/dp/B017DAI58I/ref=psd_bb_1m_B01M74Q92D_B017DAI58Is (accessed July 10, 2017).
[2] Bian, Y.W., Yan, S., Zhang, W., Xu, H., 2015. Warranty strategy in a supply chain with two retailer’s extended warranties bundled with the products. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering24, 3, 364-388.
[3] Blischke, W., 1993. Warranty Cost Analysis. Taylor & Francis, New York.
[4] Brooks, R., White, D.W., 1996. Pricing of the option to delay the purchase of extended service contracts. Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services3, 4, 225-231.
[5] Chattopadhyay, G.N., Murthy, D.N.P., 1996. Modelling warranties for second‐hand products. Proceedings of Second Australia Japan Workshop on Stochastic Models in Engineering, Technology and Management, 17-19 July, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 91-99.
[6] Chattopadhyay, G.N., Murthy, D.N.P., 2000. Warranty cost analysis for second‐hand products. Mathematical & Computer Modelling31, 10, 81-88. · Zbl 1042.90539
[7] Chattopadhyay, G.N., Murthy, D.N.P., 2001. Cost sharing warranty policies for second‐hand products. International Transactions in Operational Research8, 1, 47-60. · Zbl 0992.90016
[8] Chattopadhyay, G.N., Rahman, A., 2008. Development of lifetime warranty policies and models for estimating costs. Reliability Engineering and System Safety93, 4, 522-529.
[9] Chattopadhyay, G.N., Yun, W.Y., 2006. Modelling and analysis of warranty cost for 2D‐policies associated with sale of second‐hand products. International Journal of Reliability and Applications7, 1, 71-77.
[10] Chen, X., Li, L., Zhou, M., 2012. Manufacturer’s pricing strategy for supply chain with warranty period‐dependent demand. Omega40, 6, 807-816.
[11] Clover, J., 2017. AppleCare+ for Mac and iPhone must be bought with 60 days of purchase. MacRumors, June 21. Available at http://www.macrumors.com/2017/06/21/applecare-plus-mac-iphone-60-day-purchase-limit/ (accessed July 10, 2017).
[12] Desai, P.S., Padmanabhan, V., 2004. Durable good, extended warranty and channel coordination. Review of Marketing Science2, 2, 1-23.
[13] Gallego, G., Wang, R., Hu, M., Ward, J., Beltran, J.L., 2015. No claim? Your gain: design of residual value extended warranties under risk aversion and strategic claim behavior. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management17, 1, 87-100.
[14] Gallego, G., Wang, R., Ward, J., Hu, M., Beltran, J.L., 2014. Flexible‐duration extended warranties with dynamic reliability learning. Production & Operations Management23, 4, 645-659.
[15] Gillis, J., 1995. The Car Book. HarperCollins, New York.
[16] Hartman, J.C., Laksana, K., 2009. Designing and pricing menus of extended warranty contracts. Naval Research Logistics56, 3, 199-214. · Zbl 1158.90417
[17] Heese, H.S., 2012. Retail strategies for extended warranty sales and impact on manufacturer base warranties. Decision Sciences43, 2, 341-367.
[18] HP, 2017. HP Care Pack Services. Available at http://www.hpstore.cn/hp-elitebook-1040-g3-4-1.html (accessed August 30, 2017).
[19] Hsiao, W.L., Chen, Y.J., Wu, C.C., 2010. Selling through a retailer with quality enhancement capability: deter, acquiesce, or foster? Working paper, IEOR Department, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA.
[20] Jack, N., Murthy, D.N.P., 2007. A flexible extended warranty and related optimal strategies. Journal of the Operational Research Society58, 12, 1612-1620. · Zbl 1145.90365
[21] Jiang, B., Zhang, X., 2011. How does a retailer’s service plan affect a manufacturer’s warranty?Management Science57, 4, 727-740. · Zbl 1214.90072
[22] Jindal, P., 2014. Risk preferences and demand drivers of extended warranties. Marketing Science34, 1, 39-58.
[23] Kim, C.S., Djamaludin, I., Murthy, D.N.P., 2010. Warranty cost analysis with heterogenous usage intensity. International Transactions in Operational Research8, 3, 337-347. · Zbl 0992.90018
[24] Kurata, H., Nam, S., 2010. After‐sales service competition in a supply chain: optimization of customer satisfaction level or profit or both?International Journal of Production Economics127, 1, 136-146.
[25] Lam, Y., Lam, P.K.W., 2001. An extended warranty policy with options open to consumers. European Journal of Operational Research131, 3, 514-529. · Zbl 1034.91033
[26] Lei, Y., Liu, Q., Shum, S., 2017. Warranty pricing with consumer learning. European Journal of Operational Research263, 2, 596-610. · Zbl 1380.91081
[27] Lenovo, 2018. Lenovo Services. Available at https://item.lenovo.com.cn/product/100785.html (accessed June 4, 2018).
[28] Li, K., Mallik, S., Chhajed, D., 2012. Design of extended warranties in supply chains under additive demand. Production & Operations Management21, 4, 730-746.
[29] Moskowitz, H., Chun, Y.H., 1994. A Poisson regression model for two‐attribute warranty policies. Naval Research Logistics41, 3, 355-376. · Zbl 0801.90047
[30] Murthy, D., Djamaludin, I., 2002. New product warranty: a literature review. International Journal of Production Economics79, 3, 231-260.
[31] Padmanabhan, V., 1995. Usage heterogeneity and extended warranties. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy4, 1, 33-53.
[32] Padmanabhan, V., Rao, R.C., 1993. Warranty policy and extended service contracts: theory and an application to automobiles. Marketing Science12, 3, 230-247.
[33] Papanastasiou, Y., Savva, N., 2017. Dynamic pricing in the presence of social learning and strategic consumers. Management Science63, 4, 919-939.
[34] Purohit, D., Joydeep, S., 2001. Effect of manufacturer reputation, retailer reputation, and product warranty on consumer judgments of product quality: a cue diagnosticity framework. Journal of Consumer Psychology10, 3, 123-134.
[35] Rahman, A., Chattopadhyay, G.N., 2007. Optimal service contract policies for outsourcing maintenance service of assets to the service providers. International Journal of Reliability and Applications8, 2, 183-197.
[36] Samsung, 2017. Samsung Premium care terms of service. Available at http://www.samsung.com/us/support/premium-care/terms-and-conditions/ (accessed July 12, 2017).
[37] Sinha, S., Sarmah, S.P., 2011. Price and warranty competition in a duopoly supply chain. In Choi, T.‐M. (ed.), Cheng, T.C. (ed.) (eds) Supply Chain Coordination under Uncertainty. Springer‐Verlag, Berlin, pp. 281-314.
[38] Spence, M., 1977. Consumer misperceptions, product failure, and producer liability. Review of Economic Studies44, 3, 561-572. · Zbl 0399.90039
[39] Tong, P., Liu, Z., Men, F., Cao, L., 2014. Designing and pricing of two‐dimensional extended warranty contracts based on usage rate. International Journal of Production Research52, 21, 6362-6380.
[40] Wang, R., Ward, J., Gallego, G., Balestrieri, F., Hu, M., Kayis, E., Beltran, J., Jain, S., 2010. Increase attach rates and profitability through flexible‐duration extended warranties. Technical Report, Hewlett‐Packard Labs, Palo Alto, CA.
[41] Warranty Week, 2007. Extended warranty solution. Warranty Week, July 25. Available at http://www.warrantyweek.com//archive/ww20070725.html (accessed July 10, 2017).
[42] Wu, C.C., Chou, C.Y., Huang, C., 2009. Optimal price, warranty length and production rate for free replacement policy in the static demand market. Omega37, 1, 29-39.
[43] XieJ., ShuganS.M., 2001. Electronic tickets, smart cards, and online prepayments: when and how to advance sell. Marketing Science20, 3, 219-243.
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.