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Left-invariant almost para-Hermitian structures on some six-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups. (Russian. English summary) Zbl 1497.53067

Summary: As is well known, there are \(34\) classes of isomorphic simply connected six-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups. Of these, only \(26\) classes admit left-invariant symplectic structures and only \(18\) classes admit left-invariant complex structures. There exist five six-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups \(G\), which do not admit neither symplectic, nor complex structures and, therefore, can be neither almost pseudo-Kählerian, nor Hermitian. It is the Lie groups that are studied in this work. The aim of the paper is to define new left-invariant geometric structures on the Lie groups. If the left-invariant \(2\)-form \(\omega\) on such a Lie group is closed, then it is degenerate. Weakening the closedness requirement for left-invariant \(2\)-forms \(\omega \), stable \(2\)-forms \(\omega\) are obtained. Their exterior differential \(d\omega\) is also stable in Hitchin sense. Therefore, the pair \((\omega, d\omega)\) defines either an almost Hermitian or almost para-Hermitian structure on the group \(G\). The corresponding pseudo-Riemannian metrics are Einstein for four of the five Lie groups under consideration. This gives new examples of multiparameter families of left-invariant Einstein pseudo-Riemannian metrics on six-dimensional nilmanifolds. On each of the Lie groups under consideration, compatible and normalized pairs of left-invariant forms \((\omega,\rho)\), where \(\rho=d\omega \), are obtained. They define semi-flat structures. The Hitchin flow on \(G\times I\) is studied to construct a pseudo-Riemannian metric on \(G\times I\) with a holonomy group from \(G_2^*\) and it is shown that there is nots solution in this class of left-invariant half-plane structures \((\omega,\rho)\). For structures \((\omega,\rho)\), only the \(3\)-form closure property \(\varphi=\omega \wedge dt+d\omega\) on \(G\times I\) holds.

MSC:

53C15 General geometric structures on manifolds (almost complex, almost product structures, etc.)
53C30 Differential geometry of homogeneous manifolds
53C25 Special Riemannian manifolds (Einstein, Sasakian, etc.)
22E25 Nilpotent and solvable Lie groups

References:

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