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Exact dynamical decay rate for the almost Mathieu operator. (English) Zbl 1461.37029

The authors consider the almost Mathieu operator \[ (H_{\lambda,\alpha,\theta}u)(n)= u(n+1)+ u(n- 1)+2\lambda\cos 2\pi(\alpha n+\theta)u(n) \] by its action on \(u \in\ell^2(\mathbb{Z})\). Here \(\lambda\neq0\) is the coupling, \(\alpha\in\mathbb{R}\backslash\mathbb{Q}\) is the frequency, and \(\theta\in\mathbb{R}\) is the phase. They prove that for supercritical almost Mathieu operators with Diophantine frequencies the exponential decay rate in expectation is well defined and is equal to the Lyapunov exponent.

MSC:

37C40 Smooth ergodic theory, invariant measures for smooth dynamical systems
37A50 Dynamical systems and their relations with probability theory and stochastic processes
37D25 Nonuniformly hyperbolic systems (Lyapunov exponents, Pesin theory, etc.)
34B30 Special ordinary differential equations (Mathieu, Hill, Bessel, etc.)
34L40 Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.)