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Continuous-time quantum search and time-dependent two-level quantum systems. (English) Zbl 1426.81024

Summary: It was recently emphasized by T. Byrnes et al. [“Generalized Grover’s algorithm for multiple phase inversion states”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, No. 6, Article ID 060501, 5 p. (2018; doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.060501)] that the continuous-time formulation of Grover’s quantum search algorithm can be intuitively understood in terms of Rabi oscillations between the source and the target subspaces. In this work, motivated by this insightful remark and starting from the consideration of a time-independent generalized quantum search Hamiltonian as originally introduced by J. Bae and Y. Kwon [“Generalized quantum search Hamiltonian”, Phys. Rev. A 66, No. 1, Article ID 012314, 2 p. (2002; doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.66.012314)], we present a detailed investigation concerning the physical connection between quantum search Hamiltonians and exactly solvable time-dependent two-level quantum systems. Specifically, we compute in an exact analytical manner the transition probabilities from a source state to a target state in a number of physical scenarios specified by a spin-\(1/2\) particle immersed in an external time-dependent magnetic field. In particular, we analyze both the periodic oscillatory as well as the monotonic temporal behaviors of such transition probabilities and, moreover, explore their analogy with characteristic features of Grover-like and fixed-point quantum search algorithms, respectively. Finally, we discuss from a physics standpoint the connection between the schedule of a search algorithm, in both adiabatic and nonadiabatic quantum mechanical evolutions, and the control fields in a time-dependent driving Hamiltonian.

MSC:

81P68 Quantum computation
68P10 Searching and sorting
81R25 Spinor and twistor methods applied to problems in quantum theory
81V80 Quantum optics

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