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A micro-macro parareal algorithm: application to singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations. (English) Zbl 1362.65071

Summary: We introduce a micro-macro parareal algorithm for the time-parallel integration of multiscale-in-time systems. The algorithm first computes a cheap, but inaccurate, solution using a coarse propagator (simulating an approximate slow macroscopic model), which is iteratively corrected using a fine-scale propagator (accurately simulating the full microscopic dynamics). This correction is done in parallel over many subintervals, thereby reducing the wall-clock time needed to obtain the solution, compared to the integration of the full microscopic model over the complete time interval. We provide a numerical analysis of the algorithm for a prototypical example of a micro-macro model, namely, singularly perturbed ordinary differential equations. We show that the computed solution converges to the full microscopic solution (when the parareal iterations proceed) only if special care is taken during the coupling of the microscopic and macroscopic levels of description. The error bound depends on the modeling error of the approximate macroscopic model. We illustrate these results with numerical experiments.

MSC:

65L05 Numerical methods for initial value problems involving ordinary differential equations
34E13 Multiple scale methods for ordinary differential equations
65L11 Numerical solution of singularly perturbed problems involving ordinary differential equations
65Y05 Parallel numerical computation