Three-valued Gauss periods, circulant weighing matrices and association schemes. (English) Zbl 1339.05433
Summary: Gauss periods taking exactly two values are closely related to two-weight irreducible cyclic codes and strongly regular Cayley graphs. They have been extensively studied in the work of B. Schmidt and C. White [Finite Fields Appl. 8, No. 1, 1–17 (2002; Zbl 1023.94016)] and others. In this paper, we consider the question of when Gauss periods take exactly three rational values. We obtain numerical necessary conditions for Gauss periods to take exactly three rational values. We show that in certain cases, the necessary conditions obtained are also sufficient. We give numerous examples where the Gauss periods take exactly three values. Furthermore, we discuss connections between three-valued Gauss periods and combinatorial structures such as circulant weighing matrices and three-class association schemes.
MSC:
| 05E30 | Association schemes, strongly regular graphs |
| 05C25 | Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) |
| 94B15 | Cyclic codes |
Citations:
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