Summary: In an attempt to achieve a competitive edge, automotive companies operate global production networks to offer an ever increasing product variety, shorter and reliable lead times as well as competitively priced products. Cars are no longer exclusively produced based on standardized product configurations and stable sales plans but are increasingly build-to-order to match the needs of individual customers. Operations Research (OR) may contribute towards successful build-to-order operations. This is likewise reflected by the appreciable number of published papers on industry specific OR applications. To provide readers with an overview about these OR models and applications we identify current and future research issues based on the review of 49 works. We focus on two important planning objects which have not been considered in prior reviews: the planning of capacities and orders. To bridge the gap between conceptual works on the one hand and quantitative contributions on the other, we provide a framework for the structuring of planning tasks. Existing models are classified according to this framework and open issues that should be addressed in OR are discussed.