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Specifying attracting cycles for Newton maps of polynomials. (English) Zbl 1283.30060

In this paper, the authors construct a polynomial which has an important property in the theory of complex dynamics. Let \(p\) be a polynomial. Define the associate relaxed Newton map as \[ N_{p,h}: \hat{\mathbb C} \to \hat{\mathbb C},\;\;N_{p,h}(z)=z-h\frac{p(z)}{p'(z)}, \] where \(h\in\mathbb{D}_1(1)\) is a complex parameter. Here \(\mathbb{D}_1(1)\) denotes the open disk of radius \(1\) centered at \(1\). The main result is the following:
Let \(\Omega=\{z_1, z_2, \dots , z_n\}\) be any \(n\) distinct points in the complex plane, \(n\geq 2\). Then for any \(h\in\mathbb{D}_1(1)\) there exists a polynomial \(p\) of degree at most \(n+1\) so that \(\Omega\) is a super-attracting cycle for \(N_{p,h}\). It is also showed that their estimates are sharp in degree, namely, such Newton map with a super-attracting cycle must have degree at least \(n+1\). This result is an improvement for the results of S. Plaza and V. Vergara [Sci., Ser. A, Math. Sci. (N.S.) 7, 31–36 (2002; Zbl 1137.37317)] and S. Plaza and N. Romero [J. Comput. Appl. Math. 235, No. 10, 3238–3244 (2011; Zbl 1215.65089)]. Some examples and graphics are given as well.

MSC:

30D05 Functional equations in the complex plane, iteration and composition of analytic functions of one complex variable
34M03 Linear ordinary differential equations and systems in the complex domain
37F10 Dynamics of complex polynomials, rational maps, entire and meromorphic functions; Fatou and Julia sets
39B12 Iteration theory, iterative and composite equations

References:

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[2] DOI: 10.1007/BF01211162 · Zbl 0524.65032 · doi:10.1007/BF01211162
[3] Hurley M., Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 297 (1) pp 143– (1986)
[4] DOI: 10.2996/kmj/1071674434 · Zbl 1016.37020 · doi:10.2996/kmj/1071674434
[5] DOI: 10.2307/2974876 · Zbl 0887.58015 · doi:10.2307/2974876
[6] DOI: 10.1016/j.cam.2011.01.010 · Zbl 1215.65089 · doi:10.1016/j.cam.2011.01.010
[7] Plaza S., Sci. Ser. A Math. Sci. 7 pp 31– (2001)
[8] DOI: 10.1090/S0273-0979-1981-14858-8 · Zbl 0456.12012 · doi:10.1090/S0273-0979-1981-14858-8
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