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The theory of pseudoknots. (English) Zbl 1271.57037

Summary: Classical knots in \(\mathbb R^{3}\) can be represented by diagrams in the plane. These diagrams are formed by curves with a finite number of transverse crossings, where each crossing is decorated to indicate which strand of the knot passes over at that point. A pseudodiagram is a knot diagram that may be missing crossing information at some of its crossings. At these crossings, it is undetermined which strand passes over. Pseudodiagrams were first introduced by R. Hanaki in [Osaka J. Math. 47, No. 3, 863–883 (2010; Zbl 1219.57006)]. Here, we introduce the notion of a pseudoknot, i.e. an equivalence class of pseudodiagrams under an appropriate choice of Reidemeister moves. In order to begin a classification of pseudoknots, we introduce the concept of a weighted resolution set, or WeRe-set, an invariant of pseudoknots. We compute the WeRe-set for several pseudoknot families and discuss extensions of crossing number, homotopy, and chirality for pseudoknots.

MSC:

57M27 Invariants of knots and \(3\)-manifolds (MSC2010)

Citations:

Zbl 1219.57006

References:

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