The book consists of twenty-eight chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction. In Chapter 2, a review of the general background is given, including atomic and field variables, classical and quantum description of atom-field interactions, the basic conservation laws, and further topics. The other chapters are grouped into eight parts. Part 1 (Chapters 3-6) includes a review of advances in spectroscopy, including optical pumping methods, lasers, and high-resolution spectroscopic methods. Part 2 (Chapters 7 and 8) is devoted to the perturbation of atomic levels by light, including the shifting and broadening of atomic levels and a semi-classical interpretation of perturbations by high-frequency excitations. Part 3 (Chapters 9 and 10) describes multiphoton processes, including transitions between two discrete atomic states and multiphoton ionization. Laser cooling and trapping of charged particles as well as neutral atoms are described in Part 4 (Chapters 11-14). Part 5 (Chapters 15 and 16) is devoted to ultracold interactions and Feschbach resonances that can be used for producing ultracold molecules. In Part 6 (Chapters 17-19), quantum interference is described, as well as entangled states resulting from it. Part 7 (Chapters 20-24) is devoted to quantum gases, including a discussion of the works that led to the discovering of the Bose-Einstein condensation and the superfluidity. In Part 8 (Chapters 25-27), connections between atomic physics and other fields are described, as well as recent developments in the field of atomic physics. Finally, Chapter 28, being the conclusion, describes several general trends characterizing the evolution of atomic physics.