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An experimental investigation of divergent bow waves simulated by a two-dimensional plus temporal wave maker technique. (An experimental investigation of divergent bow waves simulated by a two-dimensional plus temporal wave marker technique.) (English) Zbl 1183.76045

J. Fluid Mech. 634, 217-243 (2009); erratum ibid. 638, 507-507 (2009).
Summary: Divergent ship bow waves were simulated experimentally with a two-dimensional wavemaker that employs a flexible wave board. The wavemaker was programmed so that the wave board created a time sequence of shapes that simulated the line of intersection between one side of the hull of a slender ship model moving at constant speed and an imaginary vertical plane oriented normal to the ship model track. The time history of the water surface shape was measured with a cinematic laser-induced fluorescence technique for eight Froude numbers \((F_{D} = U/ \sqrt {gD}\), where \(U\) is the forward speed of the equivalent three-dimensional ship model, \(g\) the acceleration of gravity and \(D\) the ship model draft). The waves produced ranged from small-amplitude non-breaking waves at the lowest Froude numbers to plunging breakers at the highest Froude numbers. These waves are strongly forced and at the higher Froude numbers begin breaking before leaving the wave board. The time histories of various geometric characteristics of the water surface shape including the hull contact line, the wave crest, the plunging jet and the splash zone, which is here defined as both the turbulent zone on the front face of the wave in the spilling breakers and the turbulent zone generated ahead of the jet impact point in the plunging breakers, were measured. The phase speed of the primary wave generated during each run ranged from \(2.56 U_{wl}\) (where \(U_{wl}\) is the maximum speed of the wave board at the undisturbed water level in the tank) at the lowest Froude number to about \(1.7 U_{wl}\) at the three highest Froude numbers. The maximum heights of the primary wave, the contact point on the wavemaker and the splash zone increased in a nearly linear fashion with increasing \(F_D\). In the cases with plunging jets, the jet tip trajectory was parabolic with a vertical acceleration ranging from \(0.6g\) at \(F_D = 1.467\) to \(0.8g\) at \(F_D = 1.817\) (the highest Froude number).

MSC:

76-05 Experimental work for problems pertaining to fluid mechanics
76B15 Water waves, gravity waves; dispersion and scattering, nonlinear interaction
Full Text: DOI

References:

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