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Simple-non-autonomous differential equations with many limit cycles. (English) Zbl 1152.34326

Summary: Consider the family of differential equations on the cylinder, \(\frac{dx}{dt}= a(t)+b(t)|x|\), where \(x,t\in\mathbb R\), and \(a, b\) are real, 1-periodic and smooth functions. The solutions satisfying \(x(0)=x(1)\) are called periodic orbits of the equation. The periodic orbits that are isolated in the set of all the periodic orbits are usually called limit cycles. We give a proof, which is self contained, that there is no upper bound for the number of limit cycles of the above type of equations.

MSC:

34C05 Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations
34C23 Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations
34C25 Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations
37G15 Bifurcations of limit cycles and periodic orbits in dynamical systems