Nonhomogeneous quadratic duality and curvature. (English. Russian original) Zbl 0826.16041
Funct. Anal. Appl. 27, No. 3, 197-204 (1993); translation from Funkts. Anal. Prilozh. 27, No. 3, 57-66 (1993).
A quadratic algebra is a graded algebra with generators of degree 1 and homogeneous relations of degree 2. The author investigates more general algebras, namely QLS-algebras (quadratic-linear-scalar algebras) and QL-algebras (quadratic-linear algebras) defined by generators and nonhomogeneous relations of degree 2 resp. nonhomogeneous relations of degree 2 without scalar terms. The author generalizes the classical quadratic duality to the above “nonhomogeneous quadratic algebras”. The dual object for a QL-algebra is a quadratic DG-algebra (differential graded algebra) and the dual object for a QLS-algebra is a quadratic CDG-algebra (curved differential graded algebra). A CDG-algebra \(\Psi\) is a triple \((B,d,h)\), where \(B\) is a graded algebra, \(d\) is a derivation on \(B\) of degree 1, and \(h\in B^2\), for which \(d^2=[h,\cdot]\) and \(dh=0\). The classical Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem can be easily formulated in this duality language. The author presents a generalization of this theorem saying that under the duality every Koszul CDG-algebra corresponds to a QLS-algebra. Further, we can find here examples of these algebras arising in differential geometry. The algebra of differential operators on a manifold may be considered as a QL-algebra defined by commutation relations for vector fields. The dual object is the de-Rham-complex. The algebra of differential operators on a vector bundle is a QLS-algebra. The dual object is the algebra of differential forms with coefficients in linear endomorphisms of this bundle and with differential defined by means of a connection. Finally, the problem of existence of a QL-algebra structure on a QLS-algebra has led the author to obstructions which generalize the Chern classes of vector bundles and Chern-Weil classes of principal bundles. A generalization of the Chern-Simons classes is also presented.
Reviewer: Jiří Vanžura (Brno)
MSC:
16S37 | Quadratic and Koszul algebras |
16E40 | (Co)homology of rings and associative algebras (e.g., Hochschild, cyclic, dihedral, etc.) |
18G15 | Ext and Tor, generalizations, Künneth formula (category-theoretic aspects) |
57R20 | Characteristic classes and numbers in differential topology |
53C30 | Differential geometry of homogeneous manifolds |
16W25 | Derivations, actions of Lie algebras |
16S15 | Finite generation, finite presentability, normal forms (diamond lemma, term-rewriting) |
58A10 | Differential forms in global analysis |
17A45 | Quadratic algebras (but not quadratic Jordan algebras) |
16S32 | Rings of differential operators (associative algebraic aspects) |
Keywords:
quadratic-linear-scalar algebras; quadratic-linear algebras; differential graded algebras; curved differential graded algebras; quadratic algebras; graded algebras; generators; homogeneous relations; QLS-algebras; QL-algebras; quadratic duality; dual objects; derivations; Poincaré- Birkhoff-Witt theorem; Koszul CDG-algebras; algebra of differential operators; commutation relations for vector fields; de-Rham complex; differential operators on a vector bundle; differential forms; Chern classes; principal bundles; Chern-Simons classesReferences:
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