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Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī on the number of positive roots of cubic equations. (English) Zbl 0672.01005

The paper comments on the Algebra of Sharaf al-Dīn al- Ṭūsī as explained by R. Rashed. Al-Ṭūsī found out correctly all the positive roots of the Al-Khayyāms 13 forms of the equation. In his second volume of the edition Rashed explains the solution of the last five forms through methods of analytical geometry not known before the 17th century. The author gives another explanation built upon ancient and medieval lines of reasoning. The paper consists of 12 1/2 pages, about 3 of notes showing errors in the edition and a list of references.
Reviewer: A.S.Saidan

MSC:

01A30 History of mathematics in the Golden Age of Islam

Biographic References:

Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Heath, T. L., (The thirteen books of Euclid’s Elements (1955), Dover: Dover New York), (reprint)
[2] al-Khayyām, L’oeuvre algébrique (1981), Institute for the History of Arabic Science: Institute for the History of Arabic Science Aleppo, établie, traduite et analysée par R. Rashed & A. Djebbar · Zbl 0508.01005
[3] Kūshyār ibn Labbān, Principles of Hindu reckoning (Kitāb fī \(U ṡ\) ūl \(Ḣ\) ind) (1965), Univ. of Wisconsin Press: Univ. of Wisconsin Press Madison, translated with introduction and notes by M. Levey & M. Petruck · Zbl 0137.24602
[4] Luckey, P., Die Ausziehung der n-ten Wurzel und der binomische Lehrsatz in der islamischen Mathematik, Mathematische Annalen, 120, 217-274 (1948) · Zbl 0029.38502
[5] Rashed, R., Résolution des équations numériques en algèbre: Sharaf-al-Dīn al-\( Ṫ\) ūsī, Viète, Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 12, 244-290 (1974), (reprinted in slightly revised form in [Rashed 1984, 147-193]) · Zbl 0341.01003
[6] Rashed, R., La notion de science occidentale, (Forbes, E. G., Human implications of scientific advance (1978)), 45-54, Edinburgh (reprinted in [Rashed 1984, 301-318])
[7] Rashed, R., Entre arithmétique et algèbre: Recherches sur l’histoire des mathématiques arabes (1984), Paris: Les belles lettres · Zbl 0944.01019
[8] Schoy, K., Die trigonometrischen Lehren des persischen Astronomen Abul-Ray \(ḣ\) an Mu \(ḣ\) ibn A \(ḣ\) mad al-Bīrūnī, (Ruska, J.; Wieleitner, H., Nach dem Tode des Verfassers (1927), Lafaire: Lafaire Hannover) · JFM 53.0010.02
[9] Suter, H., Einige geometrische Aufgaben bei arabischen Mathematikern, Bibliotheca Mathematica 3, 8, 23-36 (1907/1908), (reprinted in [Suter 1986 II, 217-230]) · JFM 38.0065.02
[10] Rashed, R., (Beiträge zur Geschichte der Mathematik und Astronomie der Araber (1986), Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften: Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften Frankfurt), 2 vols
[11] T1, T2: see al-\( Ṫ\); T1, T2: see al-\( Ṫ\)
[12] al-\( Ṫ\) ūsī; Sharaf al-Dīn, Oeuvres mathématiques (1985), edited and translated by R. Rashed. 2 vols. Paris: Les belles lettres.
[13] Vogel, K., Chin Chang Suan Shu. Neun Bücher arithmetischer Technik (1968), Vieweg: Vieweg Braunschweig, (Ostwalds Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften Neue Folge 4)
[14] Wang, L.; Needham, J., Horner’s method in Chinese mathematics: Its origin in the root-extraction procedures of the Han-Dynasty, T’oung Pao, 43, 345-401 (1955)
[15] Woepcke, F., (L’algèbre d’Omar Alkhayyami (1851), Duprat: Duprat Paris), (reprinted in [Woepcke 1986 I])
[16] Woepcke, F., (Contributions à l’étude des mathématiques et astronomie arabo-islamiques (1986), Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften: Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften Frankfurt), 2 vols
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