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Timeline of fluid and continuum mechanics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This timeline describes the major developments, both experimental and theoretical understanding of fluid mechanics and continuum mechanics. This timeline includes developments in:

Prehistory and antiquity

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Free body diagram of a ball floating on water. The principles of buoyancy were known in classical antiquity.

Middle ages

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Renaissance

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17th century

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18th century

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1832 steam engine based on James Watt's principles.

19th century

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An F/A-18C Hornet breaks the sound barrier in the skies. Description of fluid at supersonic speeds were explored at the end of the 19th century before the development of manned airplanes.

20th century

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Schlieren photograph showing the thermal convection plume rising from an ordinary candle in still air. Precise mathematical theories of turbulence were not invented until the 20th century.

21st century

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See also

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References

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  2. ^ Needham, Joseph (1959). Science and Civilization in China, Volume 3: Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 626–635. Bibcode:1959scc3.book.....N.
  3. ^ Dewey, James; Byerly, Perry (February 1969). "The early history of seismometry (to 1900)". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 59 (1): 183–227.
  4. ^ Agnew, Duncan Carr (2002). "History of seismology". International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology. International Geophysics. 81A: 3–11. doi:10.1016/S0074-6142(02)80203-0. ISBN 9780124406520.
  5. ^ McMullin, Ernan (2002-02-01). "The Origins of the Field Concept in Physics". Physics in Perspective. 4 (1): 13–39. doi:10.1007/s00016-002-8357-5. ISSN 1422-6944.
  6. ^ Koetsier, Teun (2001), "On the prehistory of programmable machines: musical automata, looms, calculators", Mechanism and Machine Theory, 36 (5), Elsevier: 589–603, doi:10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00005-2.
  7. ^ Kapur, Ajay; Carnegie, Dale; Murphy, Jim; Long, Jason (2017). "Loudspeakers Optional: A history of non-loudspeaker-based electroacoustic music". Organised Sound. 22 (2). Cambridge University Press: 195–205. doi:10.1017/S1355771817000103. ISSN 1355-7718.
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  16. ^ "Short notes on the Dynamical theory of Laplace". 20 November 2011. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  17. ^ Eckert, Michael (2021). "Pipe flow: a gateway to turbulence". Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 75 (3): 249–282. doi:10.1007/s00407-020-00263-y. ISSN 0003-9519.
  18. ^ Saint-Venant, Barré de (1866). Notice sur la vie et les ouvrages de Pierre-Louis-Georges, comte Du Buat, colonel du génie... auteur des "Principes d'hydraulique" (in French). L. Danel.
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  24. ^ Faraday, M. (1831) "On a peculiar class of acoustical figures; and on certain forms assumed by a group of particles upon vibrating elastic surfaces", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (London), vol. 121, pp. 299–318. "Faraday waves" are discussed in an appendix to the article, "On the forms and states assumed by fluids in contact with vibrating elastic surfaces". This entire article is also available on-line (albeit without illustrations) at "Electronic Library" Archived 2019-09-17 at the Wayback Machine.
  25. ^ Others who investigated "Faraday waves" include: (1) Ludwig Matthiessen (1868) "Akustische Versuche, die kleinsten Transversalwellen der Flüssigkeiten betreffend" (Acoustic experiments concerning the smallest transverse waves of liquids), Annalen der Physik, vol. 134, pp. 107–17; (2) Ludwig Matthiessen (1870) "Über die Transversalschwingungen tönender tropfbarer und elastischer Flüssigkeiten" (On the transverse vibrations of ringing low-viscosity and elastic liquids), Annalen der Physik, vol. 141, pp. 375–93 ; (3) John William Strutt (Lord Rayleigh) (1883), "On the crispations of fluid resting upon a vibrating support," Philosophical Magazine, vol. 16, pp. 50–58 ; (4) Thomas Brooke Benjamin and Fritz Joseph Ursell (1954), [1]"The stability of the plane free surface of a liquid in vertical periodic motion" Proceedings of the Royal Society A, vol. 225, issue 1163.
  26. ^ Diffusion Processes, Thomas Graham Symposium, ed. J.N. Sherwood, A.V. Chadwick, W.M.Muir, F.L. Swinton, Gordon and Breach, London, 1971.
  27. ^ Craik (2004).
  28. ^ Stokes (1847).
  29. ^ G. Magnus (1852) "Über die Abweichung der Geschosse," Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, pages 1–23.
  30. ^ G. Magnus (1853) "Über die Abweichung der Geschosse, und: Über eine abfallende Erscheinung bei rotierenden Körpern" (On the deviation of projectiles, and: On a sinking phenomenon among rotating bodies), Annalen der Physik, vol. 164, no. 1, pages 1–29.
  31. ^ See:
    • Maxwell, J.C. (1860 A): Illustrations of the dynamical theory of gases. Part I. On the motions and collisions of perfectly elastic spheres. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 4th Series, vol.19, pp.19-32. [2]
    • Maxwell, J.C. (1860 B): Illustrations of the dynamical theory of gases. Part II. On the process of diffusion of two or more kinds of moving particles among one another. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 4th Ser., vol.20, pp.21-37. [3]
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  33. ^ "IV. On the elasticity and viscosity of metals". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 14: 289–297. 1865-12-31. doi:10.1098/rspl.1865.0052. ISSN 0370-1662.
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  35. ^ Wragg, David W. (1973). A Dictionary of Aviation (first ed.). Osprey. p. 281. ISBN 9780850451634.
  36. ^ Note:
    • That Wenham and Browning were attempting to build a wind tunnel is briefly mentioned in: Sixth Annual Report of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain for the Year 1871, p. 6. From p. 6: "For this purpose [viz, accumulating experimental knowledge about the effects of wind pressure], the Society itself, through Mr. Wenham, had directed a machine to be constructed by Mr. Browning, who, he was sure, would take great interest in the work, and would give to it all the time and attention required."
    • In 1872, the wind tunnel was demonstrated to the Aeronautical Society. See: Seventh Annual Report of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain for the Year 1872, pp. 6–12.
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  50. ^ Hamel, Georg. "Spiralförmige Bewegungen zäher Flüssigkeiten." Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung 25 (1917): 34–60.
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