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Solar eclipse of March 25, 1857

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Solar eclipse of March 25, 1857
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma−0.0892
Magnitude1.0534
Maximum eclipse
Duration268 s (4 min 28 s)
Coordinates2°24′S 153°24′W / 2.4°S 153.4°W / -2.4; -153.4
Max. width of band177 km (110 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse22:29:38
References
Saros127 (49 of 82)
Catalog # (SE5000)9179

A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Wednesday, March 25 and Thursday, March 26, 1857, with a magnitude of 1.0534. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.1 days before perigee (on March 26, 1857, at 23:55 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.[1]

The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day southeastern Australia, Niue, the Cook Islands, Kiribati, Mexico. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Australia, Oceania, Hawaii, western North America, and Central America.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[2]

March 25, 1857 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 1857 March 25 at 19:50:30.7 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 1857 March 25 at 20:45:26.6 UTC
First Central Line 1857 March 25 at 20:46:23.7 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 1857 March 25 at 20:47:20.8 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 1857 March 25 at 21:42:38.0 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 1857 March 25 at 22:24:29.2 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 1857 March 25 at 22:28:42.5 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 1857 March 25 at 22:29:37.6 UTC
Greatest Duration 1857 March 25 at 22:31:46.5 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 1857 March 25 at 23:16:44.6 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 1857 March 26 at 00:11:55.9 UTC
Last Central Line 1857 March 26 at 00:12:54.3 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 1857 March 26 at 00:13:52.8 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 1857 March 26 at 01:08:43.7 UTC
March 25, 1857 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.05342
Eclipse Obscuration 1.10969
Gamma −0.08923
Sun Right Ascension 00h19m12.6s
Sun Declination +02°04'51.1"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'01.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.8"
Moon Right Ascension 00h19m23.1s
Moon Declination +02°00'06.7"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'35.7"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 1°00'54.1"
ΔT 7.0 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of March–April 1857
March 25
Ascending node (new moon)
April 9
Descending node (full moon)
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 127
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 139
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Eclipses in 1857

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 127

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 1856–1859

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[3]

The partial solar eclipses on February 3, 1859 and July 29, 1859 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 1856 to 1859
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
117 April 5, 1856

Total
−0.7906 122 September 29, 1856

Annular
0.9420
127 March 25, 1857

Total
−0.0892 132 September 18, 1857

Annular
0.1912
137 March 15, 1858

Annular
0.6461 142 September 7, 1858

Total
−0.5609
147 March 4, 1859

Partial
1.4192 152 August 28, 1859

Partial
−1.2569

Saros 127

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 127, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 82 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on October 10, 991 AD. It contains total eclipses from May 14, 1352 through August 15, 2091. There are no annular or hybrid eclipses in this set. The series ends at member 82 as a partial eclipse on March 21, 2452. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 31 at 5 minutes, 40 seconds on August 30, 1532. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit.[4]

Series members 46–68 occur between 1801 and 2200:
46 47 48

February 21, 1803

March 4, 1821

March 15, 1839
49 50 51

March 25, 1857

April 6, 1875

April 16, 1893
52 53 54

April 28, 1911

May 9, 1929

May 20, 1947
55 56 57

May 30, 1965

June 11, 1983

June 21, 2001
58 59 60

July 2, 2019

July 13, 2037

July 24, 2055
61 62 63

August 3, 2073

August 15, 2091

August 26, 2109
64 65 66

September 6, 2127

September 16, 2145

September 28, 2163
67 68

October 8, 2181

October 19, 2199

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's ascending node.

24 eclipse events between March 25, 1819 and August 20, 1906
March 25–26 January 11–12 October 30–31 August 18–20 June 6–7
107 109 111 113 115

March 25, 1819

January 12, 1823

October 31, 1826

August 18, 1830

June 7, 1834
117 119 121 123 125

March 25, 1838

January 11, 1842

October 30, 1845

August 18, 1849

June 6, 1853
127 129 131 133 135

March 25, 1857

January 11, 1861

October 30, 1864

August 18, 1868

June 6, 1872
137 139 141 143 145

March 25, 1876

January 11, 1880

October 30, 1883

August 19, 1887

June 6, 1891
147 149 151 153

March 26, 1895

January 11, 1899

October 31, 1902

August 20, 1906

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

August 28, 1802
(Saros 122)

July 27, 1813
(Saros 123)

June 26, 1824
(Saros 124)

May 27, 1835
(Saros 125)

April 25, 1846
(Saros 126)

March 25, 1857
(Saros 127)

February 23, 1868
(Saros 128)

January 22, 1879
(Saros 129)

December 22, 1889
(Saros 130)

November 22, 1900
(Saros 131)

October 22, 1911
(Saros 132)

September 21, 1922
(Saros 133)

August 21, 1933
(Saros 134)

July 20, 1944
(Saros 135)

June 20, 1955
(Saros 136)

May 20, 1966
(Saros 137)

April 18, 1977
(Saros 138)

March 18, 1988
(Saros 139)

February 16, 1999
(Saros 140)

January 15, 2010
(Saros 141)

December 14, 2020
(Saros 142)

November 14, 2031
(Saros 143)

October 14, 2042
(Saros 144)

September 12, 2053
(Saros 145)

August 12, 2064
(Saros 146)

July 13, 2075
(Saros 147)

June 11, 2086
(Saros 148)

May 11, 2097
(Saros 149)

April 11, 2108
(Saros 150)

March 11, 2119
(Saros 151)

February 8, 2130
(Saros 152)

January 8, 2141
(Saros 153)

December 8, 2151
(Saros 154)

November 7, 2162
(Saros 155)

October 7, 2173
(Saros 156)

September 4, 2184
(Saros 157)

August 5, 2195
(Saros 158)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

April 14, 1828
(Saros 126)

March 25, 1857
(Saros 127)

March 5, 1886
(Saros 128)

February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)

January 25, 1944
(Saros 130)

January 4, 1973
(Saros 131)

December 14, 2001
(Saros 132)

November 25, 2030
(Saros 133)

November 5, 2059
(Saros 134)

October 14, 2088
(Saros 135)

September 26, 2117
(Saros 136)

September 6, 2146
(Saros 137)

August 16, 2175
(Saros 138)

Notes

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  1. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 11 September 2024.
  2. ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 1857 Mar 25". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 11 September 2024.
  3. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  4. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 127". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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