计算机科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (9): 162-171.doi: 10.11896/jsjkx.220500204
徐涌鑫1,2, 赵俊峰1,2,3, 王亚沙1,2,3, 谢冰1,2,3, 杨恺1,2,3
XU Yong-xin1,2, ZHAO Jun-feng1,2,3, WANG Ya-sha1,2,3, XIE Bing1,2,3, YANG Kai1,2,3
摘要： 知识图谱作为一种结构化的人类知识形式,对海量多源异构异质的数据语义互通起到了很好的支撑作用,并有效地支持了数据分析等任务,成为了近年来学术界和工业界的研究热点。目前大多数知识图谱都是根据非实时的静态数据构建,没有考虑实体和关系的时间特性。然而社交网络通信、金融贸易、疫情传播网络等应用场景的数据具有实时动态的特点以及复杂的时间特性,如何利用时序数据构建知识图谱并且对该知识图谱进行有效建模是一个具有挑战性的问题。目前,有许多研究工作利用时序数据中的时间信息丰富知识图谱的特征,赋予知识图谱动态特征,将事实三元组拓展为(头实体,关系,尾实体,时间)的四元组表示,使用时间相关四元组进行知识表示的知识图谱被统称为时序知识图谱。文中对时序知识图谱相关文献进行整理和分析,并对时序知识图谱表示学习的工作进行了全面综述。具体地,首先简单介绍了时序知识图谱的背景与定义;其次总结了时序知识图谱表示学习方法相比传统知识图谱表示学习方法的优点;然后从事实的建模方法角度详细阐述了时序知识图谱表示学习的主要方法,并且介绍了上述方法使用到的数据集;最后对该技术的主要挑战进行了总结,并对其未来研究方向进行了展望。
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