Takyeh
In Iran, the word takyeh (Iranian Persian: تکیه, romanized: takye[1]) is mostly used as a synonym of husayniyya (or hoseyniyeh in Iranian Persian; building where Shia Muslims gather to mourn the death of Husayn ibn Ali in the month of Muharram),[2][3][4] although some takyehs also include a zaynabiyya (or zeynabiyeh, in honor of Husayn's sister Zaynab bint Ali)[5] or an abbasiyya (or abbasiyeh, in honor of Husayn's paternal half-brother Abbas ibn Ali), like the Takyeh Moaven-ol-Molk.[6] Many takyehs are found in Iran,[7] where there are takyehs in almost every city.[citation needed]
History
[edit]In Classical Persian, a takya in the religious sense was originally a place for Sufi gatherings; Sufis were called تکیهنشین takya-nishīn or تکیهدار takya-dār. Following the Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam, existing takyas became used as husayniyyas,[8] and the majority of takyehs built in Iran since Iran's conversion have been built to be used as husayniyyas, like the Takyeh Dowlat built by Naser al-Din Shah Qajar. Tehran alone is said to have had up to 50 takyehs under the Qajar dynasty.[3]
Architecture
[edit]Takyehs throughout Iran are usually designed with observable elements of Persian architecture.
Usage
[edit]Takyehs usually host ta'ziyeh performances.
Notable takyehs
[edit]- Takyeh Dowlat in Tehran
- Takyeh Mir Chakhmaq in Yazd
- Takyeh Moaven-ol-Molk in Kermanshah
- Takyeh Beyglarbeygi in Kermanshah
References
[edit]- ^ Hayyim, Sulayman (1934). "تکیه". New Persian-English Dictionary. Vol. 1. Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim. p. 469.
- ^ Juan Eduardo Campo (1 January 2009). Encyclopedia of Islam. Infobase Publishing. pp. 318–. ISBN 978-1-4381-2696-8.
- ^ a b Chelkowski, Peter. "TAʿZIA". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ "تکیه در تهران". Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ Encyclopedia of Islam. 2009. p. 320.
- ^ Zulfikar Hirji (2010). Diversity and Pluralism in Islam.
- ^ "The lucrative business of mourning in Iran". Retrieved 5 October 2015.
- ^ محمد صادق محمد الكرباسي (2019). معجم المشاريع الحسينيّة - الجزء الثالث: دائرة المعارف الحسينية (in Arabic).
بناء الحسينية كان حديث العهد بإيران، وأما التكا��ا فكانت معروفة ومنتشرة في أنحاء إيران وكانت تقام فيها بعض الشعائر الحسينية أيضا قبل أن تنتقل إلى الحسينيات التي تخصصت بالشعائر الحسينية.