Chianti

Chianti ^{[lower-alpha 1]} i vhinyo yo tshwuka ya le Italy leyi endliwaka exifundzheni xa Chianti exikarhi ka Tuscany, ngopfu-ngopfu leyi humaka eka madiriva ya Sangiovese . Hi matimu ayi fambelanisiwa na bodlhela ra squat leri pfaleriweke eka basket ya straw, leri vitaniwaka fiasco ("flask"; Template:Plural form : fiaschi ). Hambiswiritano, fiasco leyi sweswi yi tirhisiwa ntsena hi vaendli va nga ri vangani va vhinyo leyi; Chianti yotala yi cheriwa emabodlheleni eka mabodlhela ya wayeni ya xivumbeko xa standard swinene. Eku heleni ka lembe xidzana ravu khume nhungu, Baron Bettino Ricasoli (endzhaku Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Italy ) u pfunetile ku simeka Sangiovese tani hi muxaka wa madiriva lowukulu wa nkatsakanyo, leswi endleke pulani ya tiwayeni ta namuntlha ta Chianti.

Nhlamuselo yosungula ya ndzhawu ya wayeni leyi vitaniwaka Chianti yi endliwile hi 1716. Yi hlamusele ndhawu leyi nga ekusuhi na swimitana swa Gaiole, Castellina na Radda ; leswi vuriwaka Lega del Chianti ivi endzhaku swi vuriwa Provincia del Chianti (xifundzha xa Chianti). Hi 1932 ndzhawu ya Chianti yi dirowiwile nakambe hiku hetiseka naswona yi avanyisiwile hi tindzhawu letintsongo ta nkombo: Classico, Colli Aretini, Colli Fiorentini, Colline Pisane, Colli Senesi, Montalbano na Rùfina. Vunyingi bya swimitana leswi hi 1932 swi engeteriweke eka ndzhawu leyintshwa leyi hlamuseriweke ya Chianti Classico swi engeteriwile hi Chianti eka mavito ya swona, xikombiso Greve in Chianti, leyi cinceke vito ra yona hi 1972. Tiwayeni leti tsariweke Chianti Classico ti huma eka ndzhawu leyikulu swinene ya Chianti, leyi katsaka ndzhawu yosungula ya Chianti heartland. I Chianti ntsena kusuka eka sub-zone leyi yinga kombisa black rooster ( gallo nero ) seal enhan’wini ya bodlhela, leswi kombaka leswaku muhumelerisi wa wayeni i xirho xa Chianti Classico Consortium, nhlangano wa ndzhawu ya vahumelerisi. ^{[1] [2]} Tinxaka tin’wana, handle ka Rufina en’walungu-vuxa bya Florence na Montalbano e dzongeni wa Pistoia, tisungula eka swifundzha leswi thyiweke mavito: Siena eka Colli Senesi, Florence eka Colli Fiorentini, Arezzo eka Colli Aretini na Pisa eka Colline Pisane. Hi 1996 xiphemu xa ndhawu leyitsongo ya Colli Fiorentini xi thyiwile vito lerintshwa ra Montespertoli .

Hiva 1970s vahumelerisi vasungule ku hunguta nhlayo ya madiriva yo basa e Chianti. Hi 1995 swive enawini ku humelerisa Chianti leyingana 100% Sangiovese. Leswaku wayeni yi hlayisa vito ra Chianti yifanele ku humelerisiwa na kwalomu ka 80% wa madiriva ya Sangiovese . Chianti leyi dyuhaleke (kwalomu ka 6 wa tinhweti eka barrel na 3 tin’wana eka bodlhela loko yinga se humesiwa, ematshan’wini ya 6 wa tinhweti leyi dyuhaleke handle ka barrel leyi lavekaka) yinga tsariwa tani hi Riserva. Chianti leyi fikelelaka swilaveko swo tika swinene (vuhumelerisi byale hansi, nhlayo yale henhla ya byala xikan’we na dry extract) yinga tsariwa tani hi Chianti Superiore, hambi leswi Chianti kusuka eka ndzhawu yale hansi ya Classico yinga pfumeleriwi eka xiendlakalo xin’wana na xin’wana kuva yi tsariwa tani hi Superiore.

1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named a

Ndzhawu ya Chianti yifunengeta ndzhawu leyikulu ya Tuscany naswona yikatsa endzeni ka mindzilakano ya yona tindzhawu to hlaya leti hlanganisaka Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) na Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG). Tiwayeni tin’wana leti tivekaka swinene ta Tuscan leti simekiweke eka Sangiovese tofana na Brunello di Montalcino na Vino Nobile di Montepulciano tinga cheriwa emabodlheleni naku tsariwa ehansi ka vito ra xisekelo swinene ra "Chianti" loko vahumelerisi va tona va hlawula ku endla tano. Endzeni ka ndzhawu ya Chianti leyi hlengeletiweke kutlula 8 million wa ti cases ta tiwayeni leti hlayiweke tani hi DOC-level kumbe e henhla ta humelerisiwa lembe na lembe. Namuntlha, Chianti yotala yiwela ehansi ka mavito mambirhi lamakulu ya Chianti DOCG, leyi katsaka basic level Chianti, xikan’we na leyi humaka eka nkombo wa ti sub-zones leti hlawuriweke, na Chianti Classico DOCG. Loko ti hlanganile, tindzhawu leti timbirhi ta Chianti ti humesa volume leyikulu swinene ya tiwayeni ta DOC/G e Italy.

Chianti DOCG yi katsa wayeni hinkwayo ya Chianti naswona yi katsa xiphemu lexikulu xa misava lexi katsaka swiphemu swa le vupela dyambu bya xifundzha xa Pisa ekusuhi na ribuwa ra Lwandle ra Tyrrhenian, swintshabyana swa Florentine exifundzheni xa Florence en’walungwini, ku ya exifundzheni xa Arezzo hi evuxeni ni switsunga swa Siena edzongeni. Endzeni ka swifundzha leswi kuna masimu ya madiriva lawa ya hlanganisaka tindzhawu ta DOCG ta Brunello di Montalcino, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano na Vernaccia di San Gimignano . Wayeni yin’wana na yin’wana leyi endliweke hi Sangiovese leyi endliweke kuya hi swiletelo swa Chianti kusuka eka masimu lawa ya madiriva yinga tsariwa naku funghiwa ehansi ka xisekelo xa Chianti DOCG loko muhumelerisi a lava ku tirhisa vito leri.

Endzeni ka Chianti DOCG kuna ti sub-zone ta tsevu leti hlamuseriweke leti pfumeleriwaka ku namarheta vito ra tona eka lebula ya wayeni . Tiwayeni leti tsariweke tani hi Chianti ntsena ti endliwa kusuka eka nkatsakanyo kusuka eka ti sub-zone leti kutani ti katsa madiriva kusuka eka tindzhawu tale matlhelo letinga endzeni ka mindzilakano ya sub-zone. Ti sub-zones i (hi tlhelo ra wachi kusuka en’walungwini): Colli Fiorentini leyi kumekaka e dzongeni wa doroba ra Florence; Chianti Rufina eka xiphemu xa le n'walungu-vuxa bya zoni leyi kumekaka ku rhendzela commune ya Rufina ; Classico exikarhi ka Chianti, ku tsemakanya swifundzha swa Florence na Siena; Colli Aretini exifundzheni xa Arezzo evuxeni; Colli Senesi e dzongeni wa Chianti Classico eswitsungeni swa Siena, leyi nga leyikulu swinene eka ti sub-zone naswona yi katsa tindzhawu ta Brunello di Montalcino na Vino Nobile di Montepulciano; Colline Pisane, ndhawu leyitsongo ya le vupela-dyambu swinene exifundzheni xa Pisa; Montespertoli leyi kumekaka endzeni ka Colli Fiorentini ku rhendzela commune ya Montespertoli ; Montalbano eka xiphemu xale n’walungu vupela dyambu bya zone leyi katsaka Carmignano DOCG.

Ndzhawu yosungula leyi a yi lerisiwe hi xileriso xa Cosimo III de' Medici ekuheteleleni yita tekiwa tani hi mbilu ya ndzhawu ya manguva lawa ya "Chianti Classico". Template:As of, there were 17,640 acres (7,140 ha) of vineyards in the Chianti Classico subregion. Xifundzhantsongo xa Chianti Classico xi hlanganisa ndzhawu ya kwalomu 100 square miles (260 km²) exikarhi ka doroba ra Florence en’walungwini na Siena edzongeni. Ti communes ta mune ta Castellina e Chianti, Gaiole e Chianti, Greve e Chianti na Radda e Chianti ti kumeka hiku hetiseka endzeni ka mindzilakano ya ndzhawu ya Classico na swiphemu swa Barberino Val d’Elsa, San Casciano e Val di Pesa na Tavarnelle Val di Pesa in xifundzha xa Florence xikan’we na Castelnuovo Berardenga na Poggibonsi exifundzheni xa Siena swi katsiwile endzeni ka mindzilakano leyi pfumeleriweke ya Chianti Classico. ^[3]

Misava na ntivo-misava wa xifundzhantsongo lexi swinga hambana swinene, laha kungana vukulu kusuka eka 820 to 2,000 feet (250 to 610 m), ni swintshabyana leswi rhendzelekaka leswi humesaka maxelo lamakulu yo hambana-hambana . Kuna tinxaka timbirhi letikulu ta misava eka ndzhawu liya: ribye ra sandi leri onhakeke hi maxelo leri tivekaka tani hi alberese na bluish-grey chalky marlstone leri tivekaka tani hi galestro . Misava yale n’walungwini yi fuwile naswona yi nonile swinene laha kungana galestro yotala, laha misava yinga tiya hakatsongotsongo naswona yiva na maribye laha kungana ti albarese totala e dzongeni. En’walungwini, nambu wa Arno wunga va na nkucetelo eka maxelo, wu hlayisa mahiselo ya kufumela nyana, nkucetelo lowu hungutaka kuya e dzongeni eka ndzhawu yo kufumela ya Classico kuya e Castelnuovo Berardenga.

Chianti Classico i tiwayeni ta xiyimo xale henhla ta Chianti leti talaka kuva na miri wale xikarhi na ti tannins leti tiyeke xikan’we na acid yale xikarhi kuya eka yale henhla . Floral, cherry na light nutty notes i swinun’hweriso swa xihlawulekisi laha tiwayeni ti kombisaka tinotsi totala eka mid- palate naku hetelela kutlula emahlweni ka nomu. Kufana na Bordeaux, ti zones tohambana hambana ta Chianti Classico tina swihlawulekisi swo hlawuleka leswinga kombisiwaka naku voniwa eka tiwayeni tin’wana kusuka eka tindzhawu toleto. Kuya hi Master of Wine Mary Ewing-Mulligan, tiwayeni ta Chianti Classico kusuka eka ndzhawu ya Castellina titala kuva na nun’hwelo wo olova swinene na nantswo, tiwayeni ta Castelnuovo Berardegna titala kuva leti vupfeke swinene naswona ti fuwa swinene, tiwayeni kusuka e Gaiole titala kuva ti tiveka hi tona xivumbeko na ti tannins leti tiyeke kasi tiwayeni kusuka eka ndzhawu ya Greve titala kuva na nantswo lowu hlanganisiweke swinene.

Vuhumelerisi bya Chianti Classico byi endliwa ehansi ka vulawuri bya Consorzio del Vino Chianti Classico, nhlangano wa vahumelerisi eka xifundzhantsongo xa Chianti Classico. Consorzio yi simekiwile hi xikongomelo xo tlakusa tiwayeni ta xifundzhantsongo, ku antswisa khwalithi na ku sivela vuxisi bya tiwayeni . Kusukela hiva 1980s, foundation yi seketerile vulavisisi lebyikulu eka maendlelo ya viticultural xikan’we naku endla wayeni ya ndzhawu ya Chianti Classico, ngopfu ngopfu eka ndzhawu ya vulavisisi bya clonal. Eka makume nharhu wa malembe lawa yanga hundza, kutlula 50% wa masimu ya madiriva eka xifundzhantsongo xa Chianti Classico ya byariwile nakambe hi ti clones ta Sangiovese leti antswisiweke xikan’we na tindlela ta manguva lawa ta masimu ya madiriva tani hi xiphemu xa phurojeke ya Consorzio Chianti Classico "Chianti 2000".

Hi 2014, ku sunguriwe xiyenge lexintshwa xa Chianti Classico: Chianti Classico Gran Selezione. Gran Selezione yi endliwa ntsena kusuka eka madiriva ya winery hi yoxe lawa ya byariwaka kuya hi milawu yo tika loko ku pimanyisiwa na Chianti Classico ya ntolovelo. ^[4] Gran Selezione yi nyikiwa Chianti Classico endzhaku kaloko yi pasile xikambelo xa ku faneleka lexi endliwaka hi ti laboratory leti pfumeleriweke, naswona endzhaku ka loko yi pasisiwile hi komiti yo hlawuleka yo nantswa. ^[4] Ku tumbuluxiwa ka Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG swi soriwa, laha van’wana va swi hlamuselaka tani hi "A swi laveki; leyara yo engetela ya ku pfilunganyeka leyi tumbuluxiweke hi vanhu va vuxavisi lava tshembaka ku pfuna Chianti Classico ku huma eka xiphiqo xa ku xavisa."

Ehandle ka ndzhawu ya Chianti Classico, tiwayeni ta Chianti sub-zone ya Rufina ti le xikarhi ka leti tivekaka ngopfu naswona ti xaviseriwa matiko yale handle kusuka eka ndzhawu ya Chianti. Yi kumeka enkoveni wa Arno ekusuhi na doroba ra Pontassieve, ndzhawu ya Rufina yi katsa ndzhawu yotala eka ndzhawu ya Pomino, ndzhawu leyingana matimu yo leha ya vuhumelerisi bya wayeni. Ndzhawu leyi yitiveka hi maxelo yo kufumela ya masimu ya yona ya madiriva lawa ya tlakukeke lawa ya kumekaka kuya fika eka 2,950 feet (900 m) . Misava ya nsimu ya madiriva ya ndzhawu liya ngopfu ngopfu i ya marl na choko . Mindyangu ya vaxavisi vale Florence ya Antinori na Frescobaldi yina masimu yotala ya madiriva e Rufina. Chianti kusuka eka ndzhawu ya Rufina yitiveka hiku rharhangana ka yona ka swiphemu swotala na vuxongi.

Xifundzhantsongo xa Colli Fiorentini xivonile ku nghena ka migingiriko xikan’we na nhluvukiso wa masimu ya madiriva yantshwa eka malembe lawa yanga hundza tani hileswi van’wamabindzu lava fuweke va Florentine va rhurhelaka e tikweni kuya byala masimu ya madiriva xikan’we naku pfula ti wineries. Votala va matiko mambe " vaendli va wayeni lava hahaka " va vile na voko eka nhluvukiso lowu, va tisa vumaki bya madiriva bya misava hinkwayo na tindlela to endla wayeni eka Colli Fiorentini. Yikumeka eka swintshabyana exikarhi ka ndzhawu ya Chianti Classico na Arno valley, tiwayeni ta Colli Fiorentini tihambana swinene kuya hi muhumelerisi, kambe titala kuva na xivumbeko xo olova lexingana vumunhu byo tiya xikan’we na tinotsi ta mihandzu. Montespertoli sub-zone akuri xiphemu xa Colli Fiorentini sub-zone kufikela hi 2002 loko yiva enclave ya yona leyintsongo.

Xifundzhantsongo xa Montalbano xi kumeka endzhutini wa Carmignano DOCG, laha vunyingi bya Sangiovese ya kahle swinene byi yaka eka wayeni yaleyo. Xiyimo xofana na lexi xikona eka Colli Senesi leyi katsaka ndzhawu leyi tivekaka swinene ya DOCG ya Vino Nobile di Montepulciano. Swifundzha leswi haswimbirhi aswi tali ku humelela eka malebvu ya wayeni lawa ya rhumeriwaka ehandle e Tuscany. Ndzhawu ya Colli Pisane yihumelerisa ti Chiantis leti tolovelekeke letingana miri na muhlovo wo vevuka swinene. Colli Aretini i ndzhawu leyintshwa swinene naswona yisungulaka leyi voneke ku nghena ka vuvekisi xikan’we naku endliwa ka wayeni leyintshwa eka malembe lawa yanga hundza.

• Chiantishire, xihlamusela-marito
• Consorzio Vino Chianti u vula leswaku
• Swakudya leswi nga ni tyramine

Matsalwa yosungula ya "Chianti wine" yasungule eka lembe xidzana ravu 14, laha vumaki bya madiriva abyitiveka kuva byi humelela eka "Chianti Mountains" leyi rhendzeleke Florence. Ligi ya masocha leyi vitaniwaka Lega del Chianti (League of Chianti) yivumbiwile kwalomu ka 1250 exikarhi ka madoroba ya Castellina, Gaiole na Radda, leswinga endla leswaku wayeni kusuka eka ndzhawu leyi yiteka vito leri fanaka. Hi 1398 rhekhodo yosungula leyi tivekaka yi xiya Chianti tani hi wayeni yo basa, hambi leswi tiwayeni to tshwuka ta Chianti na tona tinga xopaxopiwa kwalomu ka nkarhi lowu fanaka eka matsalwa lawa ya fanaka.

Ku ringeta kosungula ku hlawula wayeni ya Chianti hindlela yin’wana na yin’wana swifike hi 1427, loko Florence yi endle endlelo ra tihakelo eka tiwayeni ta ndzhawu yale makaya lawa yanga rhendzela, kukatsa na ndzhawu leyi vuriwaka "Chianti na xifundzha xa yona hinkwaxo". Hi 1716 Cosimo III de’ Medici, Ndhuna-nkulu ya le Tuscany, u humese xileriso lexi vekaka nawu wa leswaku swimitana swinharhu swa Lega del Chianti ( Castellinae Chianti, Gaiole eChianti na Radda eChianti ) swin’we ni ximutana xa Greve ni ximutana xa 2 miles (3.2 km)^* ya xitsunga en’walungwini wa Greve ekusuhi na Spedaluzzo tani hi yona ntsena vahumelerisi lava amukeriweke ximfumo va Chianti. Ku hambanisiwa loku kuve kona kufikela hi July 1932, loko mfumo wa Italy wu ndlandlamuxe ndzhawu ya Chianti kuya katsa tindzhawu tale handle ta Barberino Val d’Elsa, Chiocchio, Robbiano, San Casciano e Val di Pesa na Strada . Ku ndlandlamuxiwa loku landzeleke hi 1967 eku heteleleni a ku ta endla leswaku ndhawu ya Chianti yi hlanganisa ndhawu leyikulu swinene exikarhi ka Tuscany hinkwayo.

Hi lembe xidzana ravu 18 Chianti ayi tiveka ngopfu tani hi wayeni yotshuka, kambe xivumbeko lexi kongomeke na tinxaka ta madiriva leti tirhisiweke ku endla Chianti eka nkarhi lowu aswi tiveki. Va-ampelographers va kuma swikombiso swa leswaku hi tihi tinxaka ta madiriva leti a ti tsakeriwa hi nkarhi wolowo eka matsalwa ya mutsari wa le Italy Cosimo Villifranchi, loyi a xiyeke leswaku Canaiolo akuri muxaka lowu byariweke ngopfu eka ndzhawu liya xikan’we na Sangiovese, Mammolo na Marzemino . A kuri kufikela hi ntirho wa mufumi wa tiko wa Italy Bettino Ricasoli laha recipe ya manguva lawa ya Chianti tani hi wayeni leyi sekeriweke eka Sangiovese yinga teka xivumbeko.

Emahlweni ka Ricasoli, Canaiolo ayi humelela tani hi muxaka lowukulu eka ku hlanganisiwa ka Chianti laha Sangiovese na Malvasia Bianca Lunga ava tlanga swiphemu swo seketela. Exikarhi ka lembe xidzana ra vu-19, Ricasoli u endle ndlela yo endla Chianti leyi a yi sekeriwe ngopfu eka Sangiovese. Hambi leswi a talaka ku xiximiwa hi ku tumbuluxa na ku hangalasa fomula yo karhi (hi ntolovelo yi vikiwa tani hi 70% Sangiovese, 20% Canaiolo, 10% Malvasia Bianca Lunga), ku kamberiwa ka mapapila ya yena ya nkarhi wolowo a swi tiyisisi leswi. Ku engetela kwalano, matshalatshala ya yena ya hatle ya onhiwa hi vaendli van’wana va wayeni va ndzhawu liya (xikombiso, ku siva Malvasia hi Trebbiano Toscano, kumbe ku titshega ngopfu hi leswi swohetelela), leswinga endla leswaku kuva na ku nga twisisi kun’wana ka "Ricasoli formula". ^[5] Hi 1967, nawu wa Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) lowu vekiweke hi mfumo wa Italy awu sekeriwe eka nhlamuselo yo olova ya "recipe" ya Ricasoli, leyi ayi kombela ku hlanganisiwa loku sekeriweke eka Sangiovese na 10–30% Malvasia na Trebbiano.

Eku heleni ka lembe-xidzana ra vu-19 ku ve ni nkarhi wa mpfilumpfilu wa ikhonomi ni wa tipolitiki. Xosungula kufike oidium kutani ntungu wa phylloxera awuta teka xiyimo xa wona eka masimu ya madiriva ya Chianti tani hileswi ava onhe masimu ya madiriva e Europe hinkwayo. Mpfilumpfilu na vusweti endzhaku ka Risorgimento swi tivise kusunguriwa ka diaspora ya Italy leyi ayi ta teka vatirhi va masimu ya madiriva na vaendli va wayeni va Italy kuya ematikweni mambe tani hi vahlapfa eka matiko yantshwa. Lava vanga sala endzhaku kutani va byariwa nakambe va hlawula tinxaka leti humesaka mbuyelo wale henhla tofana na Trebbiano na Sangiovese clones tofana na Sangiovese di Romagna kusuka eka ndzhawu yale kusuhi ya Romagna . Endzhaku ka Nyimpi ya Vumbirhi ya Misava, mukhuva lowu tolovelekeke eka makete wa misava hinkwayo wa vhinyo wa vhinyo yo chipa, leyi nwaka hi ku olova wu vone ku andza ko koma eka ndhawu leyi. Hiku byala ngopfu xikan’we naku kandziyisiwa ka nhlayo kutlula khwalithi, ndhuma ya Chianti eka vaxavi yihetelele yi wile swinene. Hiva 1950s, Trebbiano (leyi tivekaka hi nantswo wa yona lowu nga riki na xihlawuhlawu) yi endle kufika eka 30% wa ti Chiantis totala leti xavisiwaka hi xitalo.

Eku heleni ka lembe xidzana ra vu-20, Chianti hakanyingi a yi fambisana ni Chianti ya xisekelo leyi xavisiwaka ebodlheleni ra squat leri pfaleriweke eka baskiti ra byanyi, leri vuriwaka fiasco . Hambiswiritano, hi nkarhi lowu fanaka, ntlawa wa vahumelerisi lava ava na vutianakanyi wusungule ku tirha ehandle ka mindzilakano ya milawu ya DOC kuva va endla leswi ava tshemba leswaku kutava wayeni ya xiyimo xale henhla. Tiwayeni leti ti hetelele titiveka tani hi " Super Tuscans ".

Votala va vahumelerisi endzhaku ka nhlangano wa Super Tuscan ekusunguleni akuri vahumelerisi va Chianti lava ava xandzukela leswi ava vona kuri milawu ya khale ya DOC. Van’wana va vahumelerisi lava ava lava ku endla Chiantis letinga 100% varietal Sangiovese. Van’wana ava lava ku cinca cinca kuva va ringeta ku hlanganisa tinxaka ta madiriva ya French yofana na Cabernet Sauvignon na Merlot kutani vanga laveki ku hlanganisa eka tinxaka tihi na tihi ta madiriva yo basa. Eku heleni ka lembe xidzana ravu 20 kuve na ku cinca cinca ka vutumbuluxi na vutumbuluxi eka tindzhawu ta Chianti tani hileswi vahumelerisi ava ringeta tinxaka tintshwa ta madiriva naswona vasungule tindlela ta manguva lawa to endla wayeni tofana naku tirhisiwa ka migerho leyintshwa ya oak . Minxavo na swiringanyeto swa wayeni swa ti Super Tuscans tin’wana swita tshama swiri karhi swi tlula swa Chiantis leyi pfumeleriweke hi DOC. Ku humelela ka Super Tuscans swi hlohlotele vatirhela mfumo kuva va languta nakambe milawu ya DOC leswaku vata vuyisa tin’wana ta tiwayeni leti eka ntlhambi lowu tsariweke tani hi Chianti.

Chianti Classico yi tlakusiwile tani hi "Official wine of the 2013 UCI Road World Championships " naswona yi xavise mabodlhela lawa ya nyiketeriweke eka Championships lawa yanga na malebvu yo hlawuleka.

1. ↑ Consorzio del Marchio Storico.
2. ↑ Consorzio del vino Chianti Classico.
3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Wine pp 402-411
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named CCGS
5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Madaio2