Nothofagus

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Familia: Nothofagaceae
Genus: Nothofagus
Subgenera: N. subg. Brassospora – N. subg. Fuscospora – N. subg. Lophozonia – N. subg. Nothofagus
Segregated Genera (3 sensu Heenan & Smissen, 2013): Fuscospora – Lophozonia – Trisyngyne

N. aequilateralis – N. alessandrii – N. alpina – N. antarctica – N. balansae – N. baumanniae – N. bernhardii – N. betuloides – N. brassii – N. carrii – N. cliffortioides – N. codonandra – N. crenata – N. cunninghamii – N. discoidea – N. dombeyi – N. flaviramea – N. fusca – N. glauca – N. grandis – N. gunnii – N. macrocarpa – N. menziesii – N. moorei – N. nitida – N. nuda – N. obliqua – N. perryi – N. pseudoresinosa – N. pullei – N. pumilio – N. recurva – N. resinosa – N. rubra – N. rutila – N. solandri – N. starkenborghiorum – N. stylosa – N. truncata – N. womersleyi
Nothospecies: N. × apiculata – N. × blairii – N. × eugenananus – N. × leoni – N. × solfusca
Paleospecies: †N. azureus – †N. beardmorensis – †N. bidentatus – †N. cethanica – †N. kiandrensis – †N. lendenfeldi – †N. melanoides – †N. ninnisiana – †N. novaezealandiae – †N. oblonga – †N. oliveri – †N. pachyphylla – †N. palustris – †N. pinnata – †N. plicata – †N. praequercifolia – †N. smithtonensis – †N. ulmifolia

Nothofagus Blume, Mus. Bot. 1(20): 307. (1850) nom. et typ. cons.

• Type species: Nothofagus antarctica (G. Forst.) Oerst. Skr. Vidensk.-Selsk. Christiana, Math.-Naturvidensk. Kl. 5(9): 354. (1871)

• Heterotypic
  • Fagaster Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 11: 142 (1842)
  • Cliffortioides Dryand. ex Hook., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 7: t. 639 (1844)
  • Myrtilloides Banks & Sol. ex Hook., Hooker's Icon. Pl. 7: t. 639 (1844)
  • Calucechinus Hombr. & Jacquinot ex Decne. in J.S.C.Dumont d'Urville, Voy. Pôle Sud 2: 19 (1853)
  • Calusparassus Hombr. & Jacquinot ex Decne. in J.S.C.Dumont d'Urville, Voy. Pôle Sud 2: 20 (1853)
  • Lophozonia Turcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 31(1): 396 (1858)
  • Trisyngyne Baill., Adansonia 11: 136 (1874)
  • Parafagus Oliver, (1936)
  • Fuscospora (R.S.Hill & J.Read) Heenan & Smissen, Phytotaxa 146: 12 (2013)
    

Note: It is only New Zealand botanists that accept the non-mandated segregation of this genus based upon the above well defined and monophyletic subgenera, but see Govaerts et al. (2019) and Hill et al. (2015).

• Blume, C.L. von 1850. Museum Botanicum Lugduno-Batavum sive stirpium Exoticarum, Novarum vel Minus Cognitarum ex Vivis aut Siccis Brevis Expositio et Descriptio 1(20): 307.
• International Plant Names Index. 2019. Nothofagus. Published online. Accessed: Feb. 6 2019.
• Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Nothofagus in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Feb. 5. Reference page. 
• Heenan, P.B. & Smissen, R.D. 2013. Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae). Phytotaxa 146(1): 1–31. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.146.1.1 Reference page. 
• Hill, R.S. & Read, J. 1991. A revised infrageneric classification of Nothofagus (Fagaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 105: 37–72. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1991.tb00199.x Reference page. 
• Hill, R.S., Jordan, G.J. & Macphail, M.K. 2015 Why we should retain Nothofagus sensu lato. Australian Systematic Botany 28(3): 190-193. DOI: 10.1071/SB15026 PDF from ResearchGate Reference page. 
• Swenson, U., Backlund, A., McLoughlin, S. & Hill, R.S. 2001. Nothofagus Biogeography Revisited with Special Emphasis on the Enigmatic Distribution of Subgenus Brassospora in New Caledonia. Cladistics 17: 28–47. DOI: 10.1006/clad.2000.0146
• Swenson, U., Hill, R.S. & McLoughlin, S. 2000. Ancestral Area Analysis of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae) and its Congruence with the Fossil Record. Australian Systematic Botany 13: 469–478. DOI: 10.1071/SB99010

• Hill, R.S. 1984: Tertiary Nothofagus macrofossils from Cethana, Tasmania. Alcheringa, 8: 81–86. ISSN: 1752-0754 (electronic) 0311-5518 (paper) DOI: 10.1080/03115518408619610
• Hill, R.S. 1994: Nothofagus smithtonensis (Nothofagaceae), a new macrofossil species from Oligocene sediments in northwest Tasmania, Australia, and its phylogenetic significance. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 80: 115–121. DOI: 10.1016/0034-6667(94)90096-5
• Hill, R.S. 2001: Nothofagus Cupules from Oligocene-Early Miocene Sediments at Balfour, Northwest Tasmania, Australia. International journal of plant sciences, 162: 683–690. JSTOR
• Hill, R.S.; Harwood, D.M.; Webb, P.-N. 1996: Nothofagus beardmorensis (Nothofagaceae), a new species based on leaves from the Pliocene Sirius Group, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 94: 11–24. DOI: 10.1016/S0034-6667(96)00003-6
• Holden, A.M. 1982: Fossil Nothofagus from the Longford Formation, Murchison, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 12: 65–77. Google books
• Johnston, P.R. 1999: Tar-spot fungi on Nothofagus in New Zealand - a preliminary report. New Zealand journal of botany, 37: 703–714. DOI: 10.1080/0028825X.1999.9512664
• Jordan, G.J. 1999: A new Early Pleistocene species of Nothofagus and the climatic implications of co-occurring Nothofagus fossils. Australian systematic botany, 12: 757–765. DOI: 10.1071/SB98025
• Jordan, G.J.; Hill, R.S. 1999: The Phylogenetic Affinities of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae) Leaf Fossils Based on Combined Molecular and Morphological Data. International journal of plant sciences, 160: 1177–1188. JSTOR
• Leathwick, J.R. 1998: Are New Zealand's Nothofagus species in equilibrium with their environment? Journal of vegetation science, 9: 719–732. JSTOR
• Leschen, R.A.B.; Buckley, T.R.; Harman, H.; Shulmeister, J. 2008: Determining the origin and age of the Westland Beech (Nothofagus) Gap, New Zealand, using fungus beetle genetics. Molecular ecology, 17: 1256–1276. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03630.x
• Knapp, M. et al. 2005: Relaxed molecular clock provides evidence for long-distance dispersal of Nothofagus (southern beech). PLoS Biol 3(1): e14. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030014 Reference page. 
• Manos, P.S. 1997. Systematics of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae) based on rDNA spacer sequences (ITS): taxonomic congruence with morphology and plastid sequences. American Journal of Botany 84(8): 1137–1155. Abstract and full article (PDF) JSTOR Reference page. 
• Paull, R.; Hill, R.S. 2003: Nothofagus kiandrensis (Nothofagaceae subgenus Brassospora), a new macrofossil leaf species from Miocene sediments at Kiandra, New South Wales. Australian systematic botany, 16: 549–559. DOI: 10.1071/SB02033
• Pole, M. 1993: Nothofagus from the Dunedin Volcanic Group (Mid — Late Miocene), New Zealand. Alcheringa, 17 (1): 77–90. DOI: 10.1080/03115519308619489
• Scriven, L.J.; Hill, R.S. 1996: Relationships among Tasmanian Tertiary Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae) populations. Botanical journal of the Linnean Society, 121: 345–364. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00761.x
• Scriven, L.J.; McLoughlin, S.; Hill, R.S. 1995: Nothofagus plicata (Nothofagaceae), a new deciduous Eocene macrofossil species, from southern continental Australia. Review of palaeobotany and palynology, 86: 199–209. DOI: 10.1016/0034-6667(94)00145-A
• Trewick, S.A.; Wallis, G.P. 2001: BRIDGING THE "BEECH-GAP": NEW ZEALAND INVERTEBRATE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY IMPLICATES PLEISTOCENE GLACIATION AND PLIOCENE ISOLATION. Evolution, 55: 2170–2180. DOI: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2001.tb00733.x

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