Launi
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Launi (Ingilishi na Amurka) ko launi (Ingilishi na British) shine kayan hangen nesa na gani da ke samowa daga bakan haske da ke hulɗa da ƙwayoyin hoto na idanu. Rukunin launi da ƙayyadaddun launi na zahiri suna da alaƙa da abubuwa ko kayan bisa ga kaddarorinsu na zahiri kamar ɗaukar haske, tunani, ko filayen fitarwa. Ta hanyar ayyana sararin launi, ana iya gano launuka ta lambobi ko ta hanyar daidaitawa.[1]
Saboda tsinkayen launi ya samo asali ne daga bambance-bambancen hankali na nau'ikan ƙwayoyin mazugi daban-daban a cikin retina zuwa sassa daban-daban na bakan, ana iya ƙididdige launuka da ƙimar da suke motsa waɗannan ƙwayoyin. Wadannan nau'ikan launi na zahiri ko na ilimin halittar jiki, duk da haka, ba su cika yin bayanin fahimtar yanayin bayyanar launi ba.
Kimiyyar launi ta haɗa da fahimtar launi ta ido da kwakwalwa, asalin launi a cikin kayan, ka'idar launi a cikin fasaha, da kuma ilimin lissafi na radiation na lantarki a bayyane (watau haske).
Physics of color
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
| Launi | Tsawon tsayi </br> tazara |
Yawanci </br> tazara | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ja | 700-635 nm | 430-480 THz | |
| Lemu | 635-590 nm | 480-510 THz | |
| Yellow | 590-560 nm | 510-540 THz | |
| Kore | 560-520 nm | 540-580 THz | |
| Cyan | 520-490 nm | 580-610 THz | |
| Blue | 490-450 nm | 610-670 THz | |
| Violet | ~ 450-400 nm | 670-750 THz | |
Radiation na lantarki yana da alaƙa da tsayinsa (ko mita) da ƙarfinsa. Lokacin da tsayon zangon ya kasance a cikin bakan da ake iya gani (yawan wavelength ɗan adam za su iya fahimta, kusan daga 390). nm zuwa 700 nm), an san shi da " hasken bayyane".
Yawancin hanyoyin haske suna fitar da haske a tsawon magudanar ruwa daban-daban; Bakan tushe shine rarrabawa yana ba da ƙarfinsa a kowane tsawon zango. Ko da yake bakan haske da ke isowa ido daga wata hanya da aka ba da ita yana ƙayyade jin daɗin launi a waccan hanyar, akwai yuwuwar haɗuwa da yawa fiye da jin daɗin launi. A zahiri, mutum na iya bayyana launi a matsayin aji na Spectra wanda ke ba da abin da ke cikin launi iri ɗaya, ko da yake waɗannan aji zai bambanta sosai a tsakanin jinsuna da yawa a cikin iri ɗaya.[2] A cikin kowane irin wannan ajin, ana kiran membobin ma'aunin launi da ake tambaya. Ana iya ganin wannan tasirin ta hanyar kwatanta rarrabuwar wutar lantarki ta hanyoyin hasken haske da launukan da aka samu.
