propinquus

From prop(e) (“near”) +‎ (h)inc (“hence”) +‎ -uus. Compare longinquus.

Or the ending may come from some Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo- seen in Ancient Greek ἀλλοδ-απός (allod-após), ποδ-απός (pod-após) (their first parts here correspond to Latin aliud, quod) etc. See also Proto-Germanic *-ungō.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /proˈpin.kʷus/, [prɔˈpɪŋkʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /proˈpin.kwus/, [proˈpiŋkwus]

propinquus (feminine propinqua, neuter propinquum, comparative propinquior); first/second-declension adjective

1. (of space) near, nearby, neighboring

   Synonyms: vīcīnus, contiguus, fīnitimus, proximus

   Antonyms: remōtus, longinquus

2. (of time) near, at hand, not far off
3. (of appearance) resembling, similar, like, alike
4. (of a relationship) kindred, related
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.14:

     propinqui regis Tatii legatos Laurentium pulsant

     The relatives of the king Tatius mistreated the ambassadors of the Laurentians

• Inherited:
  • Old Occitan: probenc
    • → Sicilian: pruvincu (Calabrian)
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: provinco
  • Old Spanish: prominco
• Borrowings:
  • → French: propinque
  • → Italian: propinquo
  • → Portuguese: propínquo
  • → Spanish: propincuo

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 810
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “prŏpĭnquus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 9: Placabilis–Pyxis, page 453

• “propinquus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “propinquus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• propinquus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• propinquus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.