kumartua

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Finnish

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Etymology

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kumara +‎ -tua or kumartaa +‎ -ua

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkumɑrtuɑˣ/, [ˈkumɑ̝rˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -uɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ku‧mar‧tu‧a

Verb

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kumartua

  1. to bend over, stoop (to bend one's upper body or head forward and down)
  2. to crouch (to bend servilely)

Conjugation

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Inflection of kumartua (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kumarrun en kumarru 1st sing. olen kumartunut en ole kumartunut
2nd sing. kumarrut et kumarru 2nd sing. olet kumartunut et ole kumartunut
3rd sing. kumartuu ei kumarru 3rd sing. on kumartunut ei ole kumartunut
1st plur. kumarrumme emme kumarru 1st plur. olemme kumartuneet emme ole kumartuneet
2nd plur. kumarrutte ette kumarru 2nd plur. olette kumartuneet ette ole kumartuneet
3rd plur. kumartuvat eivät kumarru 3rd plur. ovat kumartuneet eivät ole kumartuneet
passive kumarrutaan ei kumarruta passive on kumarruttu ei ole kumarruttu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kumarruin en kumartunut 1st sing. olin kumartunut en ollut kumartunut
2nd sing. kumarruit et kumartunut 2nd sing. olit kumartunut et ollut kumartunut
3rd sing. kumartui ei kumartunut 3rd sing. oli kumartunut ei ollut kumartunut
1st plur. kumarruimme emme kumartuneet 1st plur. olimme kumartuneet emme olleet kumartuneet
2nd plur. kumarruitte ette kumartuneet 2nd plur. olitte kumartuneet ette olleet kumartuneet
3rd plur. kumartuivat eivät kumartuneet 3rd plur. olivat kumartuneet eivät olleet kumartuneet
passive kumarruttiin ei kumarruttu passive oli kumarruttu ei ollut kumarruttu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kumartuisin en kumartuisi 1st sing. olisin kumartunut en olisi kumartunut
2nd sing. kumartuisit et kumartuisi 2nd sing. olisit kumartunut et olisi kumartunut
3rd sing. kumartuisi ei kumartuisi 3rd sing. olisi kumartunut ei olisi kumartunut
1st plur. kumartuisimme emme kumartuisi 1st plur. olisimme kumartuneet emme olisi kumartuneet
2nd plur. kumartuisitte ette kumartuisi 2nd plur. olisitte kumartuneet ette olisi kumartuneet
3rd plur. kumartuisivat eivät kumartuisi 3rd plur. olisivat kumartuneet eivät olisi kumartuneet
passive kumarruttaisiin ei kumarruttaisi passive olisi kumarruttu ei olisi kumarruttu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. kumarru älä kumarru 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. kumartukoon älköön kumartuko 3rd sing. olkoon kumartunut älköön olko kumartunut
1st plur. kumartukaamme älkäämme kumartuko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. kumartukaa älkää kumartuko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. kumartukoot älkööt kumartuko 3rd plur. olkoot kumartuneet älkööt olko kumartuneet
passive kumarruttakoon älköön kumarruttako passive olkoon kumarruttu älköön olko kumarruttu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kumartunen en kumartune 1st sing. lienen kumartunut en liene kumartunut
2nd sing. kumartunet et kumartune 2nd sing. lienet kumartunut et liene kumartunut
3rd sing. kumartunee ei kumartune 3rd sing. lienee kumartunut ei liene kumartunut
1st plur. kumartunemme emme kumartune 1st plur. lienemme kumartuneet emme liene kumartuneet
2nd plur. kumartunette ette kumartune 2nd plur. lienette kumartuneet ette liene kumartuneet
3rd plur. kumartunevat eivät kumartune 3rd plur. lienevät kumartuneet eivät liene kumartuneet
passive kumarruttaneen ei kumarruttane passive lienee kumarruttu ei liene kumarruttu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st kumartua present kumartuva kumarruttava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kumartuakseni kumartuaksemme
2nd kumartuaksesi kumartuaksenne
3rd kumartuakseen
kumartuaksensa
past kumartunut kumarruttu
2nd inessive2 kumartuessa kumarruttaessa agent4 kumartuma
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kumartuessani kumartuessamme
2nd kumartuessasi kumartuessanne
3rd kumartuessaan
kumartuessansa
negative kumartumaton
instructive kumartuen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive kumartumassa —
elative kumartumasta —
illative kumartumaan —
adessive kumartumalla —
abessive kumartumatta —
instructive kumartuman kumarruttaman
4th3 verbal noun kumartuminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kumartumaisillani kumartumaisillamme
2nd kumartumaisillasi kumartumaisillanne
3rd kumartumaisillaan
kumartumaisillansa

Derived terms

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Further reading

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