gxila

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Zulu

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Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /ᶢǁʱiːla/

Verb

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-gxila

  1. to stand firm, to stand fast

Inflection

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Tone L
Infinitive ukugxila
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukugxila ukungagxili
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular gxila -gxile
Plural gxilani -gxileni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyagxila, ngigxila engigxilayo, engigxila ngigxila angigxili engingagxili ngingagxili
2nd singular uyagxila, ugxila ogxilayo, ogxila ugxila awugxili ongagxili ungagxili
1st plural siyagxila, sigxila esigxilayo, esigxila sigxila asigxili esingagxili singagxili
2nd plural niyagxila, nigxila enigxilayo, enigxila nigxila anigxili eningagxili ningagxili
Class 1 uyagxila, ugxila ogxilayo, ogxila egxila akagxili ongagxili engagxili
Class 2 bayagxila, bagxila abagxilayo, abagxila begxila abagxili abangagxili bengagxili
Class 3 uyagxila, ugxila ogxilayo, ogxila ugxila awugxili ongagxili ungagxili
Class 4 iyagxila, igxila egxilayo, egxila igxila ayigxili engagxili ingagxili
Class 5 liyagxila, ligxila eligxilayo, eligxila ligxila aligxili elingagxili lingagxili
Class 6 ayagxila, agxila agxilayo, agxila egxila awagxili angagxili engagxili
Class 7 siyagxila, sigxila esigxilayo, esigxila sigxila asigxili esingagxili singagxili
Class 8 ziyagxila, zigxila ezigxilayo, ezigxila zigxila azigxili ezingagxili zingagxili
Class 9 iyagxila, igxila egxilayo, egxila igxila ayigxili engagxili ingagxili
Class 10 ziyagxila, zigxila ezigxilayo, ezigxila zigxila azigxili ezingagxili zingagxili
Class 11 luyagxila, lugxila olugxilayo, olugxila lugxila alugxili olungagxili lungagxili
Class 14 buyagxila, bugxila obugxilayo, obugxila bugxila abugxili obungagxili bungagxili
Class 15 kuyagxila, kugxila okugxilayo, okugxila kugxila akugxili okungagxili kungagxili
Class 17 kuyagxila, kugxila okugxilayo, okugxila kugxila akugxili okungagxili kungagxili
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngigxilile, ngigxilē engigxilile, engigxilē ngigxilile, ngigxilē angigxilanga engingagxilanga ngingagxilanga
2nd singular ugxilile, ugxilē ogxilile, ogxilē ugxilile, ugxilē awugxilanga ongagxilanga ungagxilanga
1st plural sigxilile, sigxilē esigxilile, esigxilē sigxilile, sigxilē asigxilanga esingagxilanga singagxilanga
2nd plural nigxilile, nigxilē enigxilile, enigxilē nigxilile, nigxilē anigxilanga eningagxilanga ningagxilanga
Class 1 ugxilile, ugxilē ogxilile, ogxilē egxilile, egxilē akagxilanga ongagxilanga engagxilanga
Class 2 bagxilile, bagxilē abagxilile, abagxilē begxilile, begxilē abagxilanga abangagxilanga bengagxilanga
Class 3 ugxilile, ugxilē ogxilile, ogxilē ugxilile, ugxilē awugxilanga ongagxilanga ungagxilanga
Class 4 igxilile, igxilē egxilile, egxilē igxilile, igxilē ayigxilanga engagxilanga ingagxilanga
Class 5 ligxilile, ligxilē eligxilile, eligxilē ligxilile, ligxilē aligxilanga elingagxilanga lingagxilanga
Class 6 agxilile, agxilē agxilile, agxilē egxilile, egxilē awagxilanga angagxilanga engagxilanga
Class 7 sigxilile, sigxilē esigxilile, esigxilē sigxilile, sigxilē asigxilanga esingagxilanga singagxilanga
Class 8 zigxilile, zigxilē ezigxilile, ezigxilē zigxilile, zigxilē azigxilanga ezingagxilanga zingagxilanga
Class 9 igxilile, igxilē egxilile, egxilē igxilile, igxilē ayigxilanga engagxilanga ingagxilanga
Class 10 zigxilile, zigxilē ezigxilile, ezigxilē zigxilile, zigxilē azigxilanga ezingagxilanga zingagxilanga
Class 11 lugxilile, lugxilē olugxilile, olugxilē lugxilile, lugxilē alugxilanga olungagxilanga lungagxilanga
Class 14 bugxilile, bugxilē obugxilile, obugxilē bugxilile, bugxilē abugxilanga obungagxilanga bungagxilanga
Class 15 kugxilile, kugxilē okugxilile, okugxilē kugxilile, kugxilē akugxilanga okungagxilanga kungagxilanga
Class 17 kugxilile, kugxilē okugxilile, okugxilē kugxilile, kugxilē akugxilanga okungagxilanga kungagxilanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāgxila engāgxila ngāgxila angigxilanga engingagxilanga ngingagxilanga
2nd singular wāgxila owāgxila wāgxila awugxilanga ongagxilanga ungagxilanga
1st plural sāgxila esāgxila sāgxila asigxilanga esingagxilanga singagxilanga
2nd plural nāgxila enāgxila nāgxila anigxilanga eningagxilanga ningagxilanga
Class 1 wāgxila owāgxila āgxila akagxilanga ongagxilanga engagxilanga
Class 2 bāgxila abāgxila bāgxila abagxilanga abangagxilanga bengagxilanga
Class 3 wāgxila owāgxila wāgxila awugxilanga ongagxilanga ungagxilanga
Class 4 yāgxila eyāgxila yāgxila ayigxilanga engagxilanga ingagxilanga
Class 5 lāgxila elāgxila lāgxila aligxilanga elingagxilanga lingagxilanga
Class 6 āgxila āgxila āgxila awagxilanga angagxilanga engagxilanga
Class 7 sāgxila esāgxila sāgxila asigxilanga esingagxilanga singagxilanga
Class 8 zāgxila ezāgxila zāgxila azigxilanga ezingagxilanga zingagxilanga
Class 9 yāgxila eyāgxila yāgxila ayigxilanga engagxilanga ingagxilanga
Class 10 zāgxila ezāgxila zāgxila azigxilanga ezingagxilanga zingagxilanga
Class 11 lwāgxila olwāgxila lwāgxila alugxilanga olungagxilanga lungagxilanga
Class 14 bāgxila obāgxila bāgxila abugxilanga obungagxilanga bungagxilanga
Class 15 kwāgxila okwāgxila kwāgxila akugxilanga okungagxilanga kungagxilanga
Class 17 kwāgxila okwāgxila kwāgxila akugxilanga okungagxilanga kungagxilanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingagxila — ngingagxila ngingegxile — ngingegxile
2nd singular ungagxila — ungagxila ungegxile — ungegxile
1st plural singagxila — singagxila singegxile — singegxile
2nd plural ningagxila — ningagxila ningegxile — ningegxile
Class 1 angagxila — engagxila angegxile — engegxile
Class 2 bangagxila — bengagxila bangegxile — bengegxile
Class 3 ungagxila — ungagxila ungegxile — ungegxile
Class 4 ingagxila — ingagxila ingegxile — ingegxile
Class 5 lingagxila — lingagxila lingegxile — lingegxile
Class 6 angagxila — engagxila angegxile — engegxile
Class 7 singagxila — singagxila singegxile — singegxile
Class 8 zingagxila — zingagxila zingegxile — zingegxile
Class 9 ingagxila — ingagxila ingegxile — ingegxile
Class 10 zingagxila — zingagxila zingegxile — zingegxile
Class 11 lungagxila — lungagxila lungegxile — lungegxile
Class 14 bungagxila — bungagxila bungegxile — bungegxile
Class 15 kungagxila — kungagxila kungegxile — kungegxile
Class 17 kungagxila — kungagxila kungegxile — kungegxile
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizogxila engizogxila ngizogxila angizugxila engingezugxila ngingezugxila
2nd singular uzogxila ozogxila uzogxila awuzugxila ongezugxila ungezugxila
1st plural sizogxila esizogxila sizogxila asizugxila esingezugxila singezugxila
2nd plural nizogxila enizogxila nizogxila anizugxila eningezugxila ningezugxila
Class 1 uzogxila ozogxila ezogxila akazugxila ongezugxila engezugxila
Class 2 bazogxila abazogxila bezogxila abazugxila abangezugxila bengezugxila
Class 3 uzogxila ozogxila uzogxila awuzugxila ongezugxila ungezugxila
Class 4 izogxila ezogxila izogxila ayizugxila engezugxila ingezugxila
Class 5 lizogxila elizogxila lizogxila alizugxila elingezugxila lingezugxila
Class 6 azogxila azogxila ezogxila awazugxila angezugxila engezugxila
Class 7 sizogxila esizogxila sizogxila asizugxila esingezugxila singezugxila
Class 8 zizogxila ezizogxila zizogxila azizugxila ezingezugxila zingezugxila
Class 9 izogxila ezogxila izogxila ayizugxila engezugxila ingezugxila
Class 10 zizogxila ezizogxila zizogxila azizugxila ezingezugxila zingezugxila
Class 11 luzogxila oluzogxila luzogxila aluzugxila olungezugxila lungezugxila
Class 14 buzogxila obuzogxila buzogxila abuzugxila obungezugxila bungezugxila
Class 15 kuzogxila okuzogxila kuzogxila akuzugxila okungezugxila kungezugxila
Class 17 kuzogxila okuzogxila kuzogxila akuzugxila okungezugxila kungezugxila
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyogxila engiyogxila ngiyogxila angiyugxila engingeyugxila ngingeyugxila
2nd singular uyogxila oyogxila uyogxila awuyugxila ongeyugxila ungeyugxila
1st plural siyogxila esiyogxila siyogxila asiyugxila esingeyugxila singeyugxila
2nd plural niyogxila eniyogxila niyogxila aniyugxila eningeyugxila ningeyugxila
Class 1 uyogxila oyogxila eyogxila akayugxila ongeyugxila engeyugxila
Class 2 bayogxila abayogxila beyogxila abayugxila abangeyugxila bengeyugxila
Class 3 uyogxila oyogxila uyogxila awuyugxila ongeyugxila ungeyugxila
Class 4 iyogxila eyogxila iyogxila ayiyugxila engeyugxila ingeyugxila
Class 5 liyogxila eliyogxila liyogxila aliyugxila elingeyugxila lingeyugxila
Class 6 ayogxila ayogxila eyogxila awayugxila angeyugxila engeyugxila
Class 7 siyogxila esiyogxila siyogxila asiyugxila esingeyugxila singeyugxila
Class 8 ziyogxila eziyogxila ziyogxila aziyugxila ezingeyugxila zingeyugxila
Class 9 iyogxila eyogxila iyogxila ayiyugxila engeyugxila ingeyugxila
Class 10 ziyogxila eziyogxila ziyogxila aziyugxila ezingeyugxila zingeyugxila
Class 11 luyogxila oluyogxila luyogxila aluyugxila olungeyugxila lungeyugxila
Class 14 buyogxila obuyogxila buyogxila abuyugxila obungeyugxila bungeyugxila
Class 15 kuyogxila okuyogxila kuyogxila akuyugxila okungeyugxila kungeyugxila
Class 17 kuyogxila okuyogxila kuyogxila akuyugxila okungeyugxila kungeyugxila
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngigxile ngingagxili
2nd singular ugxile ungagxili
1st plural sigxile singagxili
2nd plural nigxile ningagxili
Class 1 agxile angagxili
Class 2 bagxile bangagxili
Class 3 ugxile ungagxili
Class 4 igxile ingagxili
Class 5 ligxile lingagxili
Class 6 agxile angagxili
Class 7 sigxile singagxili
Class 8 zigxile zingagxili
Class 9 igxile ingagxili
Class 10 zigxile zingagxili
Class 11 lugxile lungagxili
Class 14 bugxile bungagxili
Class 15 kugxile kungagxili
Class 17 kugxile kungagxili
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngagxila ngangagxila, angagxila, angangagxila
2nd singular wagxila wangagxila, awagxila, awangagxila
1st plural sagxila sangagxila, asagxila, asangagxila
2nd plural nagxila nangagxila, anagxila, anangagxila
Class 1 wagxila wangagxila, akagxila, akangagxila
Class 2 bagxila bangagxila, abagxila, abangagxila
Class 3 wagxila wangagxila, awagxila, awangagxila
Class 4 yagxila yangagxila, ayagxila, ayangagxila
Class 5 lagxila langagxila, alagxila, alangagxila
Class 6 agxila angagxila, awagxila, awangagxila
Class 7 sagxila sangagxila, asagxila, asangagxila
Class 8 zagxila zangagxila, azagxila, azangagxila
Class 9 yagxila yangagxila, ayagxila, ayangagxila
Class 10 zagxila zangagxila, azagxila, azangagxila
Class 11 lwagxila lwangagxila, alwagxila, alwangagxila
Class 14 bagxila bangagxila, abagxila, abangagxila
Class 15 kwagxila kwangagxila, akwagxila, akwangagxila
Class 17 kwagxila kwangagxila, akwagxila, akwangagxila

References

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