Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/DNB Epitome 37

This listing page belongs to Wikipedia:WikiProject Dictionary of National Biography, spun out of the “missing article” project, and is concerned with checking whether Wikipedia has articles for all those listed in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB), a 63-volume British biographical dictionary published 1885-1900 and now in the public domain. This page relates to volume 37 running from name Masquerier to name Millyng.

Scope of the subproject:

It is envisaged that the following work will be done:

Checks made that links on this page point to a wikipedia article about the same person;
Addition of new articles for all red-links based on DNB text;
Checking whether blue-linked articles would benefit from additional text from DNB.

Listings are posted as bulleted lists, with footnotes taken from the DNB summaries published in 1904. The listings and notes are taken from scanned text that is often corrupt and in need of correction. Not all the entries on the list correspond to actual DNB articles; some are “redirects” and there are a few articles devoted to families rather than individuals.

If you are engaged in this work you will probably find quite a number of unreferenced articles among the blue links. You are also encouraged to mention the DNB as a reference on such articles whenever they correspond to the summary, as part of the broader campaign for good sourcing. A suggested template is {{DNB}}.

Locating the full text:

DNB text is now available on Wikisource for all first edition articles, on the page s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Vol 37 Masquerier - Millyng. Names here are not inverted, as they are in the original: Joe Bloggs would be found at Wikisource s:Bloggs, Joe (DNB00). The text for the first supplement is available too: NB that this Epitome listing includes those supplement articles also.

List maintenance and protocols:

List maintenance tasks are to check and manipulate links in the list with piping or descriptive parenthetical disambiguators, and to mark list entries with templates to denote their status; whilst as far as possible retaining the original DNB names:

piping: [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester|Charles Abbot]]
descriptive parenthetical disambiguators [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)]]
both combined [[Charles Abbot]] -> [[Charles Abbot (botanist)|Charles Abbot]]

The work involves:

Checking that bluelinks link to the correct person; if so, {{tick}} them. If not, try to find the correct article and pipe or disambiguate the link.
Check whether redlinks can be linked to an article by piping or disambiguation.
Create articles based on the DNB text for redlinks for which no wikipedia article can be found
Check whether existing blue-linked articles could benefit from an input of DNB text (e.g. the article is a stub), and if so, update the article from DNB

A number of templates are provided to mark-up entries:

{{mnl}} the link runs to a wrong person; - produces the text: ^{[link currently leads to a wrong person]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{dn}} the link runs to a dab page - produces the text ^{[disambiguation needed]}. It is preferable to amend the link by adding a disambiguator to make it red, if an article for the correct person cannot be found
{{tick}} the link has been checked and runs to the correct person - Y
{{tick}} {{tick}} the text of the linked article has been checked against DNB text and would not benefit from additional DNB text - Y Y
{{tick}} {{cross}} the text of the linked article looks short enough to suggest it would benefit from additional DNB text - Y N

Note that before creating new articles based on DNB text you should undertake searches to check that the article's subject does not already have an article. It is easily possible that the disambiguation used in this page is not the disambiguation used in an existing wikipedia article. Equally, feel free to improve upon the disambiguation used in redlinks on this page by amending them.

Supplement articles:

Because of the provenance of the listing, a number of the original articles will not in fact be in the announced volume, but in one of the three supplement volumes published in 1901. Since the DNB did not include articles about living people, this will be the case whenever the date of death is after the publication date of the attributed volume. In due course there will be a separate listing.

General thoughts:

This project is intended as a new generation in “merging encyclopedias”, as well as being one of the most ambitious attempted. For general ideas of where we are, and some justification of the approach being taken, see the essay Wikipedia:Merging encyclopedias.

Helpful access templates:

helpful templates

There are two templates to help link to the correct page: {{Cite DNBIE}} and {{DNBIE}}. The page number automatically link to the correct url for the page at the Internet Archive site.

{{Cite DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

and

{{DNBIE|title=Dove, John|page=358}}

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

if a wstitle= parameter is used in place of title= then the templates also link the DNB article on Wikisource:

{{cite DNBIE|wstitle=Dove, John (d.1665?)|page=358}}

Lee, Sidney, ed. (1903). "Dove, John (d.1665?)". Index and Epitome. Dictionary of National Biography. Cambridge University Press. p. 358.

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39 Notes

^ John James Masquerier (1778–1865), painter; studied at Paris and in London; exhibited a picture of 'Napoleon reviewing the Consular Guards 1801, which caused him to be bitterly attacked as a spy by William Cobbett; painted, among others, portraits of Emma, lady Hamilton, Harriot Mellon, afterwards Duchess of Su Albans, Miss O'Neil, and Warren Hastings; intimate with Sir Francis Burdett, Baroness BurdettOoutts, JohnWilkes, Michael Faraday, and Thomas Campbell.
^ Massereene second Earl of. See Clotworthy Skeffington, 1742–1806.
^ Viscounts Massereene . See Clotworthy, John first Viscount, (. 1665; Skeffington, Sir John, second VISCOUNT, d. 1695; Skeffington, John E i IM, I..N F..MKK, tenth VISCOUNT, 1812-1863.
^ Sir Edward Massey (1619?-1674?), majorL'iii-nil; royalist, 1612; joined parliamentarians; general of the Western Association, 1646; co-operated with Fairfax in reducing the west, 1645-6; M.P., Gloucester, 1646; i-iiiiiiiiiuuler-in-chief of the London force*; impeached by the army, 1647; fled to Holland; returned, 1648; exclul-l from the House of Commons by Pride's Purge, 1648, and imprisoned with Waller; again sjtMpod to Holland and joined the king, 1649; lieutenant-general, 1651; wounded at Worcester, taken prisoner, and lodged in the Towt-r, 1651; again escaped to Holland; negotiated with English presbyterians, 1654, 1655, and 1660: appointed governor of Gloucester by Charles and knighted, 1660; M.P., Gloucester, 1661-74.
^ Eyre Massey , first Baron Clarina (1719–1804), general: served in West Indies, 1739; ensign, 1741; commanded Niagara expedition, 1759; routed the French at La Belle Famille and gained possession of all the Upper Ohio; commanded grenadiers at Montreal, 1760, Martinique, 1761, Havana, 1762, New York and Quebec, 17631769; Halifax, 1776-80, and Cork, 1794-6; raised to peerage of Ireland, 1800.
^ John Massey (1651–1715), Roman catholic divine ; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1672; M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1676; senior proctor, 1684; became a Roman catholic, 1685; dean of Christ Church, Oxford, 1686; one of the founders of the Oxford Chemical Society, 1683; fled to France, 1688; died in Paris.
^ William Massey (1691–1764?), miscellaneous writer and translator; published Origin and Progress of Letters 1763, and translations.
^ William Nathaniel Massey (1809–1881), politician and historian; recorder of Portsmouth, 1852, Plymouth, 1855; M.P., Newport, Isle of Wight, 1855-7, Salford, 1857-63; financial member of government of India, 1863-8; M.P., Tiverton, 1872-81; published history of George Ill's reign, 1855-63.
^ James William Massie (1799–1869), Independent minister; missionary in India, 1822-39; secretary to Home Missionary Society; advocated free trade and emancipation of slaves.
^ Joseph Massie (d. 1784), writer on trade and finance; formed collection of fifteen hundred treatises on economics, 1557-1763; compiled statistics to Illustrate the growth of British trade and published works on political economy.
^ Thomas Leeke Massie (1802–1898), admiral; entered navy, 1818; lieutenant, 1827; commander, 1838; captain, 1841; served in Burmese war, 18-19; on North American station, 1855-6; rear-admiral, 1860; admiral, 1872.
^ Francis Charles Massingberd (1800–1872), chancellor of Lincoln; went to Italy with Dr. Arnold and William Ralph Churton, 1824; M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1825; prebendary of Lincoln, 1847; chancellor and canon, 1862; active member of convocation; proctor for parochial clergy, 1857, for the chapter, 1868; published English History of the Leaders of the Reformation 1842.
^ Philip Massinger (1583–1640), dramatist; entered at St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1602; came to London, 1606; soon became a famous playwright; collaborated with Nathaniel Field, Robert Daborne, Cyril Tourneur, andDekker; wrote regularly in conjunction with FleMn-r, 1613-25; associated with the king's company of actors, 1616-23 and 1625-40; with the Cockpit company, 16231625; remarkable for his skill in the working out of plots and his insight into stage requirements. Among his patrons were the Herbert family, the Earl of Carnarvon, Sir Warham St. Leger, Sir Francis Foljambe, Sir Thomas Bland, Sir Aston Cokayne, and Lord Mohun; the fifteen plays entirely written by him areThe Duke of Milan 1623, The Unnatural Combat 1639, The Bondman 1624, 'The Renegade 1630,The Parliament of Love(licensed for the Cockpit, 1624),A New Way to pay Old Debt* 1632,The itoruan Actor 1629,The Maid of Honour 163J The Pietuw 1680, "The Great Duke of Florence The Emperor of the Knit 1631,Believe as 700 lint StationersRegisters 1663), The City Madam 1658,The Guardian 1645, andThe Bashful Lover H.55. In collaboration with Fletcher be wrote, among others, portion* of Henry VIII 1617, and ofTwo Noble ., 1634, in both of which a large *bare It attri to Shakespeare. His political views Inclined to the popular party; in The Bondmanbe supported the rn in tu-ir quarrel with Buckingham, whom be denounced under the guise of Ulsco. Thinly veiled reflec tious on current politics figure in other play*. f xxxviL 101 MA8SON, FRANCIS (1741-1805), gardener and botanist; sent, by the authorities at Kew Gardens, to collect plant* and bulbs at the Cape, 1779; in 1776 to the Canaries, Axores, Madeira, and the West Indies, and to 1'ortugal and Madeira, 1788; again sent to the Cape, 1786-95, and to North America, 1788; genus Mutonia named after him by Linnaeus.
^ George Joseph Gustave Masson (1819–1888), educational writer; educated at Tours: B. es L. Universite de France, 1837; came to England as private tutor, 1847; French master at Harrow, 1855-88; Vanghan librarian from 1809; published works on French literature and history, and edited French classics.
^ Henri de Massue de Ruvigny, second Marquis de Ruvigny, first Earl of Galway (1648-1790), born in Paris; entered the army and served in Portugal; aide-de-camp to Marshal Tureniie, 1672-6; sent by Louis XIV to England to detach Charles II from the Dutch alliance and elected deputy-general of the Huguenots, 1678; endeavoured unsuccessfully to avert their persecution; retired to England, 1688; as major-general uf horse in the English service served in Ireland under William III, 1691; commander-in-chlef of the forces in Ireland, 1692; created Viscount Galway and Baron Portarliugton, 1692; joined the army in Flanders, 1693: envoy extraordinary to Turin, 1694; created Earl of Galway, 1697; appointed one of the lords justices of Ireland, 1697; retired from government of Ireland, 1701; sent on a mission to the elector of Cologne, 17ol; commander of the English forces in Portugal, 1704; badly wounded while besieging Badajoz, 1705; reduced fortresses of Alcantara and Ciudad Rodrigo, and entered Madrid, 1706; compelled to retreat to Valentia, 1706; defeated at Almanza through the cowardice of the Portuguese, 1707; collected 14,600 troops in less than five mouths; envoy extraordinary to Lisbon, 17u8; displayed great personal bravery at tinbattle on the Caya, 1709; recalled, 1710; appointed lord justice in Ireland, in view of Jacobite rising, 1715; retired, 1716.
^ John Master (fl. 1654–1680), physician; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1667, and M.D., 1672; M.A. 8U Mary Hall, Oxford, 1659; honorary F.U.C.P., 1080, and assisted Dr. Thomas Willis (1621-1676) in his medical publications.
^ Richard Master (d. 1588) physician; fellow of All Souls, Oxford, 1533; M.A., 1537; F.C.P., 1653: M.D. ChrUt Church, Oxford, 1556; physician to Queen Elizabeth, 1559: president, College of Physicians, 1661: prebendary of York, 1563.
^ Streynsham Master (1683–1724), naval captain; brother-in-law of George Byng; captain, 1709; as captain of the Superbe at the battle of Cape Passaro, 1718, captured the Spanish commander-in-chief.
^ Thomas Master (1603–1643), divine ; fellow of New College, Oxford, 16S4; M.A., 16: B.D., 1641; rector of Wykeham, 1637; assisted Edward Herbert, baron Herbert of Cherbury, in hi*Life of Henry VIII and translated Herbert's work into Latin.
^ Sir William Master (d. 1662), high sheriff of Gloucestershire; grandson of Richard Master; member of the Inner Temple, 1612; knighted, 1622: M.P., Cirencester, 1624; high sheriff of Gloucestershire, 16J7; at first a parliamentarian, but (1642) forced to contribute to the royal garrison of Cireucettter; submitted to parliament, 1644, but his estate sequestered for entertaining Charles I, 1644.
^ William Master (1617–1684) divine: son of Sir William Master; bachelor-fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1661; 1662; vicar of Preston, near Cirencester, 1658: rector of Woodford, Essex, 1661; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1663; rector of Southchurch, 1666, fora year; prebendary of Oadington Major, 1667; rector of St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London, 1671; published moral essays.
^ Mrs Mary Masters (d. 1769?), poetess; acquainted with Dr. Johnson; wrote hymns,
^ Robert Masters (1713–1798), historian; grandMa of Sir William Master; fellow of Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1736-50: M.A., 1738; B.D., I 1746; F.S.A., 1762; rector of Landbeach, 1756, and of ! Waterbeaoh, 1769; resigned his rectories in favour of I relations; published 4 History of Corpus Ohristi College 1763 (with appendix of lives of its members), 1755.
^ Charles Mastertown (1679–1760), presbyterian divine: M.A. Edinburgh, 1697; ministered at Connor, oo. Antrim, 1704-23; moderator of the general synod at Dungannon, and installed at Third Belfast, 1723, where the non-subscription controversy was in active progress: established an orthodox congregation; published expository and polemical works.
^ George Matcham (1753–1833), traveller and Indian civil servant: wrote account of part of his overland journey home from India in 1783; patented apparatus for preserving vessels from shipwreck, 1802.
^ George Matcham (1789–1877), civil lawyer ; son of Georee Matcham (1753-1833); advocate in Doctors Commons, 1820; contributed to Hoare's History of Wilts 1825.
^ Cotton Mather (1663-1 728), New England divine ; ron of Increase Mather; minister at Boston, Mass., 1684-1728; D.D. Glasgow, 1710; F.R.S., 1714; linguist and author of Magnalia Christi Americana, 1 1702.
^ Increase Mather (1639–1723), president of Harvard College; son of Richard Mather; M.A. and fellow of Harvard, 1666: came to England, 1657: M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1658; ordained at Boston, Massachusetts, 1664; presided at Boston synod, 1680; procured refusal to give up Boston charter, 1683; president of Harvard, 1684-1701; conveyed (1688) thanks of colony to James II for declaration of liberty of conscience, 1687; D.D.; gained an enlarged charter from William III for Massachusetts; published religious writings.
^ Nathanael Mather (1631–1697), congregational divine: son of Richard Mather; M.A. Harvard, 1647; vicar of Harberton, 1655, of Barnstaple, 1666; pastor of English church, Rotterdam, 1660, and at New How, Dublin, 1671, and Paved Alley, Lime Street, London, 1688; joined the happy union 1691, but aided in its disruption; PinnersHall lecturer, 1694.
^ Richard Mather (1596–1669), congregational divine: originally a schoolmaster; ordained minister at Toxteth, 1618; suspended. 1633, for not using ceremonies; emigrated to New England, 1635; accepted call from Dorchester. Massachusetts; bis plan to check presbyterianlsm (the Cambridge platform) adopted by the Cambridge synod, 1648; wrote principally on church government.
^ Robert Cotton Mather (1808–1877), missionary; went to India, 1833; built schools and churches at Mirzapore, 1838-73; revised and edited the bible in Hindustani; LL.D. Glasgow, 1862; returned to England, 1873; published a New Testament commentary in Hindustani.
^ Samuel Mather (1626–1671), congregational divine: son of Richard Mather; M.A. and fellow, Harvard, 1643; chaplain of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1650; attended parliamentary commissioners to Scotland, 1653; incorporated M.A. Cambridge and (1664) Dublin; senior fellow of Trinity College, Dublin, 1664; ordained, 1686; curate of Burton wood, 1660; ejected, 1662; erected meeting house in New Row, Dublin, 1662; published religious works.
^ William Mather (ft. 1696), author ; qnaker from 1661; schoolmaster and surveyor of highways at Bedford; chief work, Young Man's Companion 1681, reaching twenty-four editions.
^ Mathetes (1821?-1878). See John Jones.
^ Theobald Mathew (1790–1856), apostle of temperance; Roman catholic priest, 1841; sent to small chapel in Cork; opened free school for boys and another for girls; signed total abstinence pledge, 1838; visited the principal cities of Ireland with wonderful effect; his preaching iiLondou described by Mrs. Oarlyle, 1843; worked energetically during the Irish famine; preached in the United States, 1849; returned to Ireland, 1851.
^ Charles Mathews (1776–1835), comedian : went to Ireland, 1794; played at Dublin, Cork, and Limerick: Wilkinson, and became a popular actor on the York circuit; appeared at the Hayrnarket, 1803, 1805-7, and 18121817; at Drury Lane, London, 1804 and 1807; accompanied the burnt-out actors of Drury Lane to the Lyceum, London, 1809-11; instituted at entertainments, called At Homes a series of sketches, the first calledThe Mail Coach 1808; produced numerous other 4 At Homes: went on tour in America, 1822-3; undertook with Frederick Henry Yates the management of the Adelphi, 1828; played with Yates in Paris, 1829; again visited America, 1834: compelled to return by the failure of his voice; played four hundred different parts; praised by Leigh Hunt, Horace Smith, and Lord Byron: intimate with Coleridge and the Lambs; his collection of pictures, largely consisting of theatrical portraits, bought for the Garrick Club, 1836.
^ Charles James Mathews (1803–1878), actor ! and dramatist; son of Charles Mathews; articled to Augustus Charles Pugin, 1819; visited with Pugin, York, Oxford, and Paris; amateur actor, 1822; went to Ireland to build a house for Lord Blessington, , 1823, whom he accompanied to Italy; entered the employ of John Nash; again in Italy, 1827, where he acted at a private theatre built by Lord Normanby; returned home, 1830; district surveyor at Bow, London; took to the stage, 1835; joined Yates in management of the Adelphi, London; appeared at the Olympic, London, 1835, after the failure of the Adelphi; married his manageress, Lucia Elizabeth Vestris, 1838; unsuccessful in American tour, 1838, and management of Covent Garden, London, 18391842; produced over a hundred pieces at Oovent Garden, London; opened the Lyceum, London, 1847; resigned, in consequence of heavy debts, though his management was remunerative; bankrupt, 1856; revisited America, 1866; played in London, 1858-63, in Paris, 1863 and 1866; appeared at Melbourne, 1870, leaving Australia, 1871; visited Auckland, Honolulu, San Francisco, and New York; took Wallack's Theatre, New York, 1872; acted in London, 1872-7, except for a season in Calcutta (1876); successful chiefly in comedy and farce; wrote various light pieces, mostly adaptations.
^ Lucia Elizabeth Mathews, or Elizabetta, also known as Madame Vestris (1797–1856), actress; daughter of Gaetano Stefano Bartolozzi; first appeared in Italian opera, 1815; acted at Paris, 1816; appeared frequently at Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and the Haymarket, London, as well as in Ireland and the provinces, 1820-31; opened the Olympic, London, with Maria Foote, 1831; married Charles James Mathews, 1836, and went with him to America: aided him in his management of Oovent Garden, London, 1839-42, and the Lyceum, 1847-54; unrivalled as a stage singer.
^ Thomas Mathews (1676–1751), admiral; entered the navy, 1690; lieutenant, 1699; captain, 1703; assisted in capture of Spanish flagship at Cape Passaro, 1718; blockaded Messina unsuccessfully; commanded squadron in East Indies against pirates, 1722-4; virtually retired, 1724; but was appointed commissioner of the navy at Chatham, 1736; vice-admiral of the red, 1742; commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean, and plenipotentiary to the king of Sardinia and the States of Italy, 1742; to prevent the allies slipping away to the south fought without waiting for the rear division to close up, on which a panic seized the English fleet and the blockade off Toulon was fairly broken: resigned, 1744; charged by Richard Lestock with having neglected to give necessary orders, and having fled from the enemy and given up the chase, though there was every chance of success; dismissed, after a trial of unprecedented length, 1747; regarded the sentence as merely the outcome of parliamentary faction.
^ Benjamin Williams Mathias (1772–1841), divine; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1799; ordained to the curacy of Rathfryland, 17'J7; chaplain of Betheada Chapel, Dorset Street, Dublin, 1805-35; published theological works.
^ Thomas James Mathias (1754?–183B), satirist and Italian scholar; major-fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1776; M.A., 1777; sub-treasurer to George III's queen, 1782; afterwards treasurer: F.S.A. and P.FL8., 17f,; librarian at Buckingham Palace, 1812; lost heavily over his edition of Gray's works, 1814; went to Italy, 1817: published tin- Pursuits of Literature 1794, a reckless satire on authors, which went through sixteen editions and provoked many replies; the best English scholar in Italian since Milton; translated English poets into Italian and Italian works into Bnglish; published Poeaie Liriche 1810, andCanzoni Toscane
^ Matilda (d. 1083), queen of William the Conqueror; daughter of Baldwin V of Flanders, descendant of Alfred; forbidden to marry Duke William of Normandy by the council of Rheims, 1049; married at Eu, 1063, dispensation being granted by Nicolas II. 1059; built abbey at Caen as a penance; ruled Normandy in William's absence; crowned at Westminster, 1067; resided much in Normandy superintending the affairs of the duchy; sent quantities of valuables to her son Robert, 1079, during his quarrel with his father; founded the abbey of St. Mary de Pre at Rouen; benefactor of French religious houses.
^ Matilda, Maud, Mahalde, Mold (1080–1118), first wife of Henry I of England; daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and granddaughter of Edmund Ironside; educated at Romsey; left Scotland on her father's death; went to her uncle Edgar Etheling, 1094; married Henry I, 1100: crowned at Westminster, 1100; corresponded with Bishop Hildebert of Le Mans, and Anselm, whose return she welcomed, 1106; built a leper hospital at St, Giles-in-the-Fields, London, and a bridge over the Lea at Stratford; founded Austin priory, Aldgate, 1108.
^ Matilda of Boulogne (1103?–1152), wife of Stephen, king of England; daughter of Eustace III of Boulogne; married, before 1125, Stephen of Blois, who seized the crown on Henry I's death, 1135; crowned at Westminster, 1136; made treaty with David of Scotland, 1139; secured alliance of France, 1140; her husband a prisoner, 1141; regained London for her husband; besieged the Empress Matilda (1102-1167), who was besieging Winchester, and compelled her to withdraw, soon effecting Stephen's release, 1141.
^ Matilda, Maud, Mold, Aethelic, Aaliz (1102-1167), empress; daughter of Henry I; married to Henry V of Germany, and crowned at Mainz, 1114; after her husband's death (1125) returned to England, 1126; recognised as Henry I's successor by the barons and bishops, 1126, 1131, and 1133; on her father's death (1135) entered Normandy, which, as well as England, chose her cousin Stephen for its king; gained nothing by an appeal to Rome, 1136; landed in England, 1139; Stephen brought captive to her at Gloucester, 1141; acknowledged by a council at Winchester as Lady of England and Normandy 1141; went to London, but, her confiscations and demands for money irritating the citizens, was driven from the city; besieged Winchester, but, being in turn besieged by Stephen's wife, Matilda (1103?-1152), cut her way out and fled to Gloucester; besieged by Stephen in Oxford Castle, 1142; escaped from Oxford, but bad no further hope of success, 1142; conjointly with her husband, who held Normandy as a conqueror, ceded the duchy to her sou Henry (afterwards Henry II), 1150; induced Henry II not to invade Ireland, 1155; founded several religious bouses.
^ Matilda, Duchess of Saxony (1156–1189), daughter of Henry II of England; married Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony, at Mindeu, 1168; Brunswick besieged by the emperor in consequence of her husband's refusal to submit to the forfeiture of his hinds, 1180, but the siege raised on her appeal to bis chivalry; sought refuge in England with her husband, who, however (1181), had submitted, returning to Brunswick, 1185; her husband again exiled, 1189.
^ Robert Maton (1607-1MITX divine; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford. 1630; took order*;millenary and believer in the literal meaning of scriptural prophecy; published Israel's Redemption 164}: replied to %2FH tbereby exclted ta ! B*vSp5 Redeemed 1646.
^ William George Maton (1774-1835), physician; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 177; P.uC, !% subsequently vice-president: physician to Westminster Hospital, London, 1800-8; M.D. Oxford, 1801; F.R.C.P. in 1802; Gulstonian lecturer, 1803; Harvelau orator. 181*1 physician extraordinary to Queen Charlotte, 1816, to the Duchess of Kent, and the infant Princess Victoria, 1820; published (1797) account of tour in Dorset, Devonshire, Cornwall, and Somerset.
^ Matthew Paris ( d. 1269).
^ Matthew Westminster. See Westminster.
^ Tobie Matthew or Tobias (1546–1628) archbishop of York; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1564; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1566, and student; D.D., 1574; ordained, 1566; attracted Queen Elizabeth's notice at Oxford, 1566; public orator, 1569-72; canon of Christ Church, 1570; prebendary of Salisbury, 157; president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1672-7; dean of Christ Church, 1576; vice-chancellor, 1579: preached a Latin sermon defending the reformation, 1581; dean of Durham, 1584; vicar of Bishop's Wearmouth, 1590; acted as political agent in the north; bishop of Durham, 1596; active against recusants; prominent in the Hampton Court conference, 1604; archbishop of York, 1606; entrusted with the detention of Lady Arabella Stuart, who, however, escaped, 1611; frequently opposed the royal policy.
^ Sir Tobie Matthew (1577–1655), courtier, diplomatist, and writer: sou of Tobie or Tobias Matthew ; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1597; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1599; M.P., Newport, Cornwall, 1601, St. Albans, 1604; travelled in Italy, 1604-6; converted to Roman Catholicism at Florence, 1606; returned to England and was committed to the Fleet on account of his religion; allowed to leave prison on parole in consequence of the plague, 1608; obtained leave to go abroad, 1608; ordained priest at Rome, 1614; returned to London, 1617; exiled on refusing to take the oath of allegiance, 1619; allowed to return, 1621; acquainted government with a scheme for erecting titular Roman catholic bishoprics in England, 1622; sent to Madrid to advise Charles and Buckingham, 1623; knighted on bis return, 1623; member of abortive Academy Royal, 1624: in Paris and Brussels, 1625-33: secretary to Strafford in Ireland, 1633; soon returned to court, where the puritans suspected him of being a papal spy; retired to Ghent, both bouses of parliament having petitioned for his banishment, 1640; Bacon's later work submitted by the author to his criticism; translated Bacon's Essays into Italian, 1618: wrote an account of his conversion (never printed); died at Ghent; a collection of letters made by him, published, 1660.
^ Henry Matthews (1789–1828), judge and traveller; son of John Matthews; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; fellow of King's College; M.A., 1815; advocate-fiscal of Ceylon, 1821-7; judge, 1827; published * Diary of continental travels, 1820 (5th edit. 1835); died in Ceylon.
^ John Matthews (1 755–1826 physician and poet; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1779; M.D., 1782; physician to St. George's Hospital, London. F.R.C.P., 1783; Gulstonian lecturer, 1784; mayor of Hereford, 1793; M.P., Herefordshire, 1803-6; composed prose and verse; parodied Pope's Eloisa 1780.
^ Lemuel Matthews or Mathews (fl. 1661-1705), archdeacon of Down: son of ilarmaduke Matthews ; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, before 1667; rector of Lenavy and chaplain to Jeremy Taylor, bishop of Down; prebendary of Oarncastle, 1667: archdeacon of Down, 1674; chancellor of Down and Connor, 1690; held nine livings; attainted by Irish parliament, 1689; found guilty and suspended by the Lisburn visitation, 1694, for maintenance, non-residence, and neglect of duties; agitated in a series of fourteen appeals; restored only to his prebend.
^ Marmaduke Matthews (1606–1683?), Welsh nonconformist: M.A. All Souls, Oxford, 1627; inhibited by the bishop of St. David's; fled to West Indies; teaching-elder 1 at Maldon, New England; appointed to St. John's, Swansea, 1668; ejected, 1662; licensed to preach, 1673.
^ Thomas Matthews (pseudonym) (1500?–1565). See John Rogers.
^ Thomas Matthews (1805–1889), actor and pantomimist; coached by Grimaldi; clown at Sadler's Wells, Theatre, 1829; in pantomimes in London, Paris, and Edinburgh; retired, 1865.
^ Augustus Matthiessen (1831–1870), chemist and physicist; studied at Giessen, 1852, and at Heidelberg, 1853; returned to London and studied with Hofmann, 1857; F.H.S., 1861; lecturer on chemistry at St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1862-8, at St. Bartholomew's, London, 1868: worked chiefly on the constitution of alloys and opium alkaloids.
^ Isabella Mattocks (1746–1826), actress ; daughter of Lewis Hallam, a comedian; played children's parts, 1 753; chief support of Covent Garden, at which she played an immense variety of parts, 1761 till her retirement, 1808: also appeared at Portsmouth and Liverpool, where her husband became manager; especially shone in the role of chambermaid.
^ Charles Robert Maturin (1782–1824), novelist and dramatist; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1800; curate of St. Peter's, Dublin; set up a school and took to literature. 1807; compelled to give up the school, 1813; his manuscript tragedyBertram recommended by Scott to Kemble, who declined it; produced by Kean, on Byron's recommendation, at Drury Lane, 1816, with great success; produced two unsuccessful tragedies; published, besides other novels, Montorio 1807, which Scott reviewed with appreciation, The Milesian Chief 1812, imitated by Scott in The Bride of Lammermoor, and Melmoth 1820, his masterpiece; had great influence on the rising romantic school of France.
^ William Maturin (1803–1887), divine; son of Charles Robert Maturin; M.A. and D.D. Dublin, 1866; was made perpetual curate of Grangegorman, 1844; librarian in Archbishop Marsh's library, Dublin, 1860; tractariau.
^ Matthew Maty (1718–1776), physician, writer, and principal librarian of the British Museum, born near Utrecht; Ph.D. and M.D. Leyden, 1740; physician in London, 1741; published Journal Britannique 1750-5, which reviewed English publications in French: F.R.S., 1751: appointed under-librarian on the establishment of the British Museum, 1753; foreign secretary, Royal Society, 1762; principal secretary, 1765; L.R.C.P., 1765; principal librarian of the British Museum, 1772; disliked by Dr. Johnson, but intimate with other literary men of the day.
^ Paul Henry Maty (1745–1787), assistant librarian of the British Museum; sou of Matthew Maty; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1770, and travelling fellow: F.R.S., 1772 chaplain to Lord Stormont, English ambassador at Paris; assistant-librarian at the British Museum, 1776; foreign secretary, Royal Society, 1776 (principal secretary, 1778); protested strongly against Dr. Charles Hutton's dismissal and resigned his secretaryship, 1784; started the New Review 1782.
^ Walter Mauclerk (d. 1248), bishop of Carlisle; sent to Ireland, 1210, and to Rome, to urge the royal complaints, 1214; justice of the northern counties, 1221; sheriff of Cumberland and constable of Carlisle, 1222 bishop of Carlisle, 1223: employed on diplomatic missions; treasurer, 1227-33; councillor during Henry III's absences, 1243 and 1245; resigned bishopric, 1248. the Yorkshire estates of his commander, Lord Harry 1'uulet, at whose court-martial (1753) he h;ul given favourable evidence, 1765-94; wrote verses descriptive of Yorkshire dales; contributed to Grose's 'Antiquities
^ Henry Maudslay (1771–1831), engineer : entered Woolwich arsenal; employed by Bramah, 1789-98; set up business in London and made improvements in the lathe and marine engines; Sir Joseph Whitworth and James Nasmyth among his pupils.
^ Joseph Maudslay (1801–1861), engineer, sou of Henry Maudslay; originally a shipbuilder; patented marine engines, which were extensively used; built the engines of the first admiralty screw steamship, 1841.
^ Thomas Henry Maudslay (1792–1864), engineer; son of Henry Maudslay; greatly contributed to the success of his father's firm, which constructed engines for royal navy for over twenty-five years; gave evidence before a House of Commons committee on steam navigation, 1831.
^ Israel Mauduit (1708–1787), political pamphleteer; preached at the Hague and other protestant chapels; partner in a woollen-draper's business, London; F.R.S., 1761; appointed customer of Southampton and agent in England for Massachusetts, 1763; witness for the defence at Governor Hutchinson's trial; declared for American independence, 1778; published pamphlets on the American war, andConsiderations on the present German War 1760, the latter, according to W T alpole, having enormous influence.
^ William Mauduit, Earl of Warwick (1220-1268), became Earl of Warwick, in right of his mother, 1263; sided with the barons, but afterwards joined Henry III; surprised and taken prisoner at Warwick Castle, 1264.
^ John Mauduith or Manduit (fl. 1310), astronomer; fellow of Mertou College, Oxford, c. 1305; famous as physician, astronomer, and theologian; his mathematical tables well known in Leland's time.
^ Mauger (d. 1212), bishop of Worcester; physician to Richard I and archdeacon of Evreux; bishop of Worcester, 1199; urged King John to submit to the pope; pronounced the interdict, 1208; fled to France; attempted I reconciliation with King John, 1208 and 1209; died at Pontigny.
^ Robert Maugham (d. 1862), first secretary to the Incorporated Law Society, of which he urged the I formation, 1825, establishment, 1827, and incorporation, 1831; sole proprietor and editor of the Legal Observer 1830-56; promoted Attorneys Act, 1843, and Solicitors Act, 1860; published legal works.
^ Fox Maule, second Baron Panmure of the United Kingdom, and eventually eleventh EARL OF DALHOUSIE in the peerage of Scotland (1801-1874); in the army, 1820-32: M.P., Perthshire, 1835-7, Elgin burghs, 1838-41, and Perth, 1841-52; under-secretary of state, 1835-41; secretary at war, 1846-52 and 1855-8; succeeded to earldom, 1860.
^ Harry Maule , titular earl of Panmure (d. 1734), joined Jacobite rising, 1715; fought at Sheriffmuir, rescuing his brother, James Maule, fourth earl of Panmure, under perilous circumstances, 1716; fled to Holland, 1716; corresponded with leading Jacobites; collected at Kelly Castle, chronicles, chartularies, and historical documents of Scotland; compiled a family history, 1733.
^ James Maule, fourth earl of Panmure(1659?-1723), Jacobite; privy councillor to James II, 1686-7; proclaimed the Old Pretender king at Brechin, 1715; taken prisoner at Sheriffmuir and rescued by his brother, Harry Maule, titular earl of Panmure; escaped to the continent, 1716; his estates confiscated, 1716; twice declined their restoration at the price of swearing allegiance to George I; died at Paris.
^ Patrick Maule , first earl of Panmure (d. S-1798), minor poet and 1661); gentleman of the bedchamber, 1603: keeper of ) Barfleur, 1766; steward of j Eltharn and sheriff of Forfarshire, 1625; endeavoured to recoucile the king and the covenanters; created Baron Maule of Brechin and Man and Earl of Panmure, 1646; fined Cromwell.
^ William Henry Maule (1788-1858), judge ; senior wrangler, Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1811: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, lull Oxford circuit; K.C., 1H33; counsel to Bank of K"gl"). 1835; M.I, (Jarlow, 1837; baron of the exchequer and knighted, 1839; transferred to court of common pleas; member of judicial committee of privy council.
^ William Ramsay Maule, Baron Panmure (1771-1852), cornet, llth dragoons, 1789; whig M.P., Forfarshire, 1796 and 1806-31; created Baron 1'aninure (peerage of Great Britain), 1831.
^ John Mauleverer (d. 1650), colonel; parliamentary governor of Hull, 1646; colonel of foot regiment in Scots war, 1C&U.
^ Sir Richard Mauleverer (1623? –1675), royalist; son of Sir Thomas Mauleverer (d. 1655) ; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1641: knighted, 1645; lined by parliament, 1649: his estates sequestered, 1650; declared outlaw, 1654: taken prisoner, 1655; escaped to the Hague; gentleman of the privy chamber, 1660; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1G61.
^ Sir Thomas Mauleverer, first baronet (d. 1665), regicide; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1C 17; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1640; created baronet, 1641; raised two foot regiments and a troop of horse for parliament; fought at Atherton Moor, 1643; attended the king's trial and signed the death-warrant.
^ Sir Thomas Mauleverer (1643?–1687), eldest son of Sir Richard Mauleverer; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1679; commanded a troop of horse in Monmouth's rebellion, 1686.
^ Peter de Mauley (d. 1241), favourite of King John; took charge of treasure and prisoners at Corfe Castle, 1216; sheriff of Somerset and Dorset, 1216: summoned to bring regalia to coronation, 1220: arrested for treason, 1221; given charge of Sherborne Castle, 1221; died a crusader in the Holy Land.
^ Benjamin Maund (1790 - 1863), botanical writer; at once chemist, bookseller, printer, and publisher; F.L.S., 1827; on committee of Worcestershire Natural History Society; started monthly botanical publications.
^ Samuel Maunder (1785–1849), compiler; assisted his partner, William Pinnock, in the Catechisms 1837-49; published the Literary Gazette; compiled educational dictionaries.
^ Henry Maundrell (1665–1701), oriental traveller; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1688: B.D., 1697; fellow, 1697; chaplain to the Levant merchants at Aleppo, 1695; travelled in the Holy Laud, spending Easter at Jerusalem, 1697; his narrative of the expedition (published, 1703) frequently reprinted, and translated into French, Dutch, and German.
^ Andrew Maunsell (d. 1596), bibliographer and publisher; brought out Martin's translation of Peter Martyr's Commonplaces 1583; designed a classified catalogue of English books, the first two parts (divinity and science) published, 1595.
^ John Maunsell (d. 1265). See Mansel.
^ Henry de Maunsfield, Maunnesfeld, Mammesfeld, or Maymysfel (d. 1328), dean of Lincoln; chancellor of Oxford University, 1309 and 1311; dean of Lincoln, 1314; declined bishopric of Lincoln, 1319; canon of Carlisle, 1324.
^ Sir Walter Mauny (d. 1372). See Manny.
^ Maurice (d. 1107), bishop of London, chaplain and chancellor to William the Conqueror; bishop of Londou, 1086; controversy with Auselm as to the right to consecrate Harrow church decided against him, 1094; crowned Henry I in Anselm's absence, 1100: commenced building St. Paul's CathedraL to stlesClub founded the ApostlesClub with Whitmore edite Metropolitan Quarterly Magazine for a year, 182ft; j class in civil law claw* Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1
^ Maurice (fl.–1210), called Morganensis and Morganius, epigrammatist.
^ Prince Maurice (1620-1652)son of the elector palatine Frederick V and Elizabeth, daughter of James I landMl.a England, 1641, to aid the royalbt cause; com missioned to protect Gloucestershire, 164S: forced his x lord fur reinforcement*, 1643: Exeter and Dartmouth surreuderv.1 to him. 1643: abandoned the siege of Plymouth in comiequetice of illness, 1643: lieutenantgeneral of the southern counties 1644; prewot at the second battle of Newbury, 1644: unable to keep order In Wales, 1646: relieved by his brother. Prince Rupert, at Chester, 1046; fou K ht on the right wing at Naseby, 14 June 164ft; besieged hi Oxford, 1646; banished by parliament, 26 June 1646; joined Rupert in his piracy, 1648; lost at sea off the Anagadas.
^ John Frederick Denison Maurice (1805–1872), divine: went up to Cambridge, 1823; with Sterling with Whitmore edited the , 182ft; flrst1827: edited the London Literary Chronicle until 183O: went up to Oxford to take orders, 1830; joined theEssay Society and met William Ewart Gladstone: curate of Bubbenhall, 1834; published Subscription no Bondage against abolishing subscription to the Thirty-nine Articles; chaplain at Guy's Hospital. London, 1836-46, lecturing on moral philosophy: married Anna, silfter-iulaw of John Sterling, 1837; published Letters to a Quaker 1837: edited the Education Magazine 18391841; professor* of English literature and history at King's College, Londou, 1840; Boyle lecturer and Warburton lecturer, 1845: chaplain of Lincoln's Inn, 184i; resigned chaplaincy of Guy's Hospital, London, 1846: helped to found Queen's College, London, 1848; married Julius Hare's half-sister, 1849: edited for a few weeks the paper of the Christian Socialists and had his attention drawn to co-operation and trade associations; called upon by the principal of King's College to clear himself of charges of heterodoxy brought against him iu the Quarterly Review 1851: cleared by a comuuttee of inquiry, 1882; asked to retire by the council of King's College after the publication of his Theological Essays 1853; strongly advocated abolition of university tests, 1853; inaugurated (1864) the Working Men's College in lied Lion Square, London (afterwards removed to Great Ormond Street), of which he was chosen principal; accepted the chapel of St. Peter's, Vere Street, London, 1860-9; professor of moral philosophy at Cambridge, 1866: incumbent of St. Edward's, Cambridge, l*7n I; Cambridge preacher at Whitehall, 1871.
^ Godfrey Maurice (d. 1598). See John Jones.
^ Henry Maurice (1648–1691), divine: M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1671: D.D., 1683: fellow; gamed, as curate of Cheltenham, 1669, great reputation in a controversy with the Sociuians; chaplain to Sir Leoline Jenkins at Cologne, 1673-6: doua-t lain to Bancroft, 1680-91: treasurer of Chichwt. rector of Newiugton, Oxfordshire, 1686: repre?nt4il xfonl at Westminster convocation, 1689: Margaret professor of divinity at Oxford, 1691; published controversial workc; well versed in canon law.
^ James Wilkes Maurice (1776–1867), rearadmiral; entered navy, 1789; lieutenant, 1797; went to Y-t lii'lit-, 1802: commander, 1804; held Diamond lUx-k, Martinique, for more than a year, 1806; gos.mor of Marie Galaute, 1808; advanced to post rank, 1809; governor of Auholt, 1810-12, where he defeated the Danes, 1811; retired rear-admiral, 1846.
^ Thomas Maurice (1764–1824), oriental scholar and historian; M.A. University College, Oxford, 1808; while at Oxford translated(Edipus Tyraunus for which Dr. Johnson wrote the preface; vicar of Wormlcightou, 1798; assistant-keeper of manuscripts in the ltritih Muslim. 17D8; ohtaim-d pension, 1800: vicar of Cudham, 1804: a voluminous author, and the first to popularise Eastern history and religions.
^ William Maurice (. 1640–1680), collector and transcriber of Welsh manuscripts; his collection preserved at Wynnstay.
^ William Fordyce Mavor (1758–1837), compiler of educational works; schoolmaster at Woodstock; oXned, 1781: vicar of Hurley and I.I..P. AU-nleen. 7. ntor of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, which he exchanced (1810) for Bladon-with- Woodstock; chief oomKngliah Spelling Book; 1801.
^ Sir Joseph Mawbey , first baronet (1730–1798), politician; inherited property iu Surrey, 1754; sheriff, 17&7- M 1Southward 1761-74; created baronet, 1765; Ml Surrev, 1775-90; cbairmaii of Surrey quarter uemtons for" twenty-seven years; contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine.
^ MA WE, JOHN (1764-1829), mineralogist: a sailor for fifteen years; collected minerals in England and tlaiid for the King of Spain; blockaded in Cadiz, 1804Mmprisoned at Monte Video, 1805-6; visited the interior of Brazil, 1809-10; opened a shop in the Strand, 1811: wrote books on mineralogy and his South American travels.
^ Leonard Mawe or Maw (d. 1629), bishop of Bath and Wells; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1595; M.A. (incorporated at Oxford, 1599): master of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1617; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1621; prebendary of Wells, and chaplain to Charles, prince of Wales: joined him in Spam, 1683; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1625; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1628.
^ Matthias Mawson (1683–1770), bishop of Ely; of St. Paul's School, London, and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; fellow, 1707; M.A., 1708; D.D., 1725; master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1724-44; vice-chancellor, 1730; bishop of Llandaff, 1738; transferred to Chichester, 1740; bishop of Ely, 1754; founded twelve scholarship at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1754.
^ Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1 900), orientalist and philologist: son of the poet Wilhelm Miiller (17941827); born at Dessau; educated at Leipzig; Ph.D., 1843; studied under Franz Bopp and Schelling at Berlin and under Eugene Burnouf at Paris; obtained introduction to Baron Bunsen, then Prussian minister in London; came to England, 1846, and was commissioned by board of directors of East India Company to bring out edition of the Sanskrit classic Rigveda with Sayana's commentary (published, 1849-73); settled at Oxford, 1848; deputy Taylorian professor of modern European languages, 1850; hon. M.A. and member of Christ Church, 1851; full M.A. and Taylorian professor, 1854-68; curator of Bodleian Library, 1856-63 and 1881-94; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1858; unsuccessfully opposed (Sir) Monier Monier-Williams as candidate for professorship of Sanskrit at Oxford, 1860; studied comparative philology and was first professor of that subject at Oxford, 1868 till death, though he retired from the active duties of the chair, 1875; devoted much attention to comparative mythology and the comparative study of religions; edited, from 1876, Sacred Books of the East a series of English translations of oriental works of a religious character. He was a privy councillor and obtained numerous honours from British and foreign courts and learned bodies. Though much in his works and methods may already be superseded, his writings exercised an extraordinarily stimulating influence in many fields. They fall under the heads of Sanskrit, Pali, science of religion, comparative mythology, comparative philology, philosophy, biography, and writings in German. A collected edition of his essays entitled Chips from a German Workshop appeared, 1867-75. A full collected edition of his works began to appear in 1898.
^ Anthony Maxey (d. 1618), dean of Windsor; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1686; D.D., 1608; chaplain to James I; dean of Windsor and registrar of the order of the Garter, 1612; made the highest bid for the vacant see of Norwich, 1618.
^ Thomas Maxfield (d. 1616), Roman catholic priest; educated at Douay; missioner in England, 1615; arrested; refused the oath of allegiance, and was executed.
^ Thomas Maxfield (d. 1784), Wesleyan convert; converted by John Wesley, 1739; travelled with Charles Wedey, 1740: left In charge of the Foundery Society by John Wesley, 1741; seized by the press-gang, 1745; tnunf erred to the army: on his discharge, became one of Wesley's chief assistants and chaplain to the Countess of Huntingdon; separated from the Wesleys, 1763; preached in Moorfields, 1767; at his secession became Wesley's enemy unsuccessfully negotiated for a reunion, 1772 and 1779.
^ Frederick Augustus Maxse (1833–1900), I admiral and political writer; brother of Sir Henry Berkeley Fitzhardiuge Maxse; lieutenant R.N., 1852; i captain, 1855; retired as admiral, 1867: wrote on social questions. Mr. George Meredith's novel,Beauchamp's Career is largely a study of his character.
^ Sir Henry Berkeley Fitzhardinge Maxse (1832-1883), governor of Heligoland; army captain, 1864; served through Crimean war (medals); lieutenantcolonel, 1863: governor of Heligoland, 1864-81, during which time the constitution was reformed, 1868, the ! gaming-tables abolished, 1870, and telegraphic communication established; governor of Newfoundland, 1881-3; died at St. John's, Newfoundland.
^ Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Maxwell, Lady Stirling (1808–1877). See Norton.
^ Sir George Clerk Maxwell (1715–1784). See Clerk-Maxwell.
^ James Maxwell (fl. 1600–1640), author; M.A. Edinburgh, 1600; went abroad; returned to England and published numerous works, including poems on Charles I and Prince Henry, and works in defence of the English church; nicknamed by Laud Mountebank Maxwell
^ James Maxwell (1708?–1762), of Kirkconnel; Jacobite; joined the rebellion of 1746; escaped to France 1 after Culloden; publishedNarrative of Charles Prince ; of Wales's Expedition in 1745
^ James Maxwell (1720–1800), 'Poet in Paisley'; , followed numerous trades; received assistance from Paisley town council, 1787; author of doggerel religious publications.
^ James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879). See Clerk-Maxwell.
^ Sir John Maxwell of Terregles, Master of Maxwell, and afterwards fourth Baron Herries (1512?-1583), partisan of Mary Queen of Scots; held Lochmaben Castle, 1545; warden of the west marches, i 1552-3: reappointed warden of the west marches, 1561; endeavoured to mediate between Mary and Moray, 1566; after Rizzio's murder joined Mary with a strong force at Dunbar, 1666; became Baron Her ries, 1566; one of the assize who acquitted Bothwell; entreated Mary not to marry Bothwell; submitted to Moray's regency, 1567; commanded Mary's horse at Langside, 1568; commissioner to England, 1568; joined a revolt against Moray, 1569; submitted to the regent on finding that Elizabeth would not aid Mary; assisted in depriving Morton, 1578; member of the new privy council; on Morton's return to power sent to Stirling to maintain quiet; subsequently supported Lennox.
^ John Maxwell , seventh or eighth Baron Maxwell and Earl of Morton (1553–1593), attended Perth convention, 1569; voted for Mary's divorce from Bothwell, 1569; his territories invaded and castles demolished by Lord Scrope, 1570; came to terms with Morton, 1673; imprisoned at Edinburgh on claiming (1577) the earldom of Morton, which he obtained on Morton's execution, 1681; denounced as rebel after Lennox's overthrow, 1582 and 1586, when the earldom of Morton and its adjuncts were revoked; assisted in the capture of Stirling Castle, 1586: granted indemnity, 1586; im prisoned for causing mass to be celebrated; exiled; returned without permission, was again exiled, the earldom of Morton being ratified by parliament to the Earl of Angus, 1587; assembled his followers to help Spanish invasion, 1588; captured and brought prisoner to Edinburgh; appointed, under title of Earl of Morton, warden of the west marches, 1592; subscribed presby ! terian confession of faith, 1593; slain in an encounter j with the laird of Johnstone's followers.
^ John Maxwell, eighth or ninth Baron Maxwell (1586?-16l2), son of John Maxwell, seventh or eighth baron Maxwell; at feud with on account ot bis father's death, and with the nv:ini:iiLr the earldom of Morton; constantly called before the council to answer for his plot* against Johnstone, 1598-1603; reconciled, 160ft; committed to Edinburgh Castle for his feud with the Earl of Morton, 1607; escaped, 1607; denounced as rebel; shot Johnstone and escaped to the continent, 1608; in his absence found guilty of acts of treason, including Johns tone's murder, 1608; condemned to death; on his return, 1612, apprehended and beheaded at Edinburgh.
^ John Maxwell (1590?-1647), archbishop of Tuam; M.A. St. Andrews, 1611; advocated the restoration of liturgical forms in Scotland; bishop of Ross, 1633; privy councillor and extraordinary lord of cession, 1636: assisted in compilation of new service-book, using it at Fortrose, 1637-8; deposed and excommunicated by the assembly, 1638; appealed, 1639; D.D. Trinity College, Dublin, 1640: bichop of Killala and Achonry, 1640; left for dead in the rebellion, 1641; finally went to Oxford and acted as royal chaplain; appointed archbishop of Tuam, 1643.
^ John Hall Maxwell (1812–1866), agriculturist; called to Scottish bar, 1835; secretary to Highland Agricultural Society; collected stock and crop statistics; C.B., 1856.
^ Sir Murray Maxwell (1775–1831), naval captain; entered navy, 1790: lieutenant, 1796; commander, 1802; took part in capture of Tobago, Demerara, and Essequibo, 1803, of Berbice and Surinam, 1804; C.B., 1815; after landing Lord Amberst at Pei-bo, 1816, explored the Gulf of Pechili, the west coast of Oorea, and the LooChoo islands, an account of which was published (1818) by Captain Basil Hall; wrecked in the Straits of Gaspar, with Lord Amherst on board, 1817, and was in charge of the crew (all saved) on Pulo Lest; acquitted by courtmartial, 1817; knighted, 1818; F.RA, 1819; lieutenantgovernor of Prince Edward's island, 1831.
^ Sir Peter Benson Maxwell (1817–1893), chiefjustice of Straits Settlements; B. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1839; barrister. Middle Temple, 1841; recorder of Penang, 1856-66, and of Singapore, 1866-71; chief-justice of Straits Settlements, 1867-71; knighted, 1856.
^ Robert Maxwell, fifth Baron Maxwell (d. 1546); warden of the west marches, 1517; lord provost of Edinburgh on the removal of the king there, 1524; councillor, 1626; extraordinary lord of session, 1533; one of the regents, 1638; taken prisoner at Solway Moss, 1542; sent to London, but released on James V's death; intrigued with Henry VIII; taken prisoner at Glasgow, 1544; set free on approach of the English; imprisoned in the Tower of London for supposed treachery: released, 1545: taken prisoner by Beaton, but granted remission on stating he only made terms with Henry VIII under compulsion; chief-justice of Anuaudale and warden of the west marches, 1546.
^ Robert Maxwell (1696–1766), writer on agriculture; experimented in farming; member of the Society of Improvers in the Knowledge of Agriculture in Scotland, 1723; insolvent, 1749; land-valuer; published agricultural works.
^ William Maxwell, fifth Baron Herries (rf. 1603), son of Sir John Maxwell, fourth baron Herries ; gentleman of the chamber, 1580; privy councillor, 1583; warden of the west marches, 1587: called before the council to answer for his feud with the Johnstones, whom he attacked unsuccessfully (1595) with three hundred men; submitted the feud to arbitration, 1699.
^ William Maxwell , fifth Earl of Nithsdale (1676-1744), Jacobite: joined the English Jacobites, 1715; taken prisoner at Preston, 1715; sent to the Tower of London; condemned to death: escaped by the aid of his wife Winifred Maxwell; joined the Chevalier James Edward at Rome, where he died.
^ William Maxwell (1782–1818). friend of Dr. Johnson; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1755; D.D., 1777; first met Dr. Johnson, c. 1766: assistant-preacher at the Temple, London; rector of Mount Temple, co. Westmeath, 1775-1808: copied Dr. Johnson's appearance and manner; furnished Boswell with collectanea.
^ Sir William Edward Maxwell (1846–1837). governor of the Gold Coast: son of Sir Peter Benson Maxwell; educated at Repton: qualified at local bar in Singapore and Penang, 1867: awistant resident of Perak and member of state council, 1K78; barrister, Inner Temple, 1881; C.M.G., 1884: British resident of Sdangor. 1889; colonial secretary of Straits Settlements, 1892, and acting governor, 1893-5; governor of Gold Coast, 1895; K.C.M.G., 1896; died at sea.
^ William Hamilton Maxwell (17W-18*O), Irish novelist; graduate. Trinity College, Dublin; served in Peninsular campaign and at Waterloo; rector of Ballagh, 1820-14; originated a rollicking style of fiction, culminated in Lever.
^ Sir William Stirling Maxwell, ninth baronet (1818-1878).
^ Winifred Maxwell, Countess of Nithsdale (d. 1749). daughter of William Herbert, Bret marquis of Fowls: married William Maxwell, fifth earl of Nithsdale , 1699; fruitlessly petitioned George I (1716) for the life of her husband, who had been sentenced to death for his share in the rebellion of 1715: enabled him to escape from the Tower of London, 17 16, and joined him at Borne; wrote a narrative of his escape, first published in the Transactions of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland vol. L.
^ Mrs Margaret Maxwell-Inglis (1774–1843). See Inglis.
^ Baptist May (1629–1698), keeper of the privy purse to Charles II; registrar in chancery court, 1660; keeper of the privy purse, 1665; M.P., Midhurst, 1670; clerk of the works at Windsor Castle, 1671; with Lety and Evelyn recommended Grinling Gibbons to Charles II, 1671; M.P., Thetford, 1690.
^ George Augustus Chichester May (1815-1892), Irish judge; of Shrewsbury School and Magdalene College, Cambridge: M.A., 1841: fellow; called to Irish bar, 1844; Q.C., 1865; legal adviser at Dublin Castle, 1874; attorney-general, 1875; lord chief- justice of Ireland and privy councillor, 1877; president of the queen's bench division, 1878, retaining title of lord chief-justice of Ireland; withdrew from presiding at Parnell's trial on being accused of partiality, 1881; resigned, 1887.
^ Sir Humphrey May (1673–1630), statesman; of St. John's College, Oxford, and the Middle Temple; B.A 1692; groom of the king's privy chamber, 1604; M.P., Beeralston, 1606-11, Westminster, 1614, Lancaster, 1621-2, Leicester, 1624-6, Lancaster, 1625, and Leicester, 1626 and 1628-9; pensioned and knighted, 1613; surveyor of the court of wards, 1618; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1618; privy councillor, 1625: defended Charles and Buckingham in the House of Commons against the attacks of the opposition; attempted to rescue Speaker Finch from violence, 1629.
^ John May (d. 1598), bishop of Carlisle; brother of William May; fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1550; M.A., 1553; master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1559; held various rectories; canon of Ely, 1564-82; Lent preacher at court, 1566; archdeacon of East Riding of Yorkshire, 1569; vice-chancellor of Cambridge, 1570: bishop of Carlisle, 1577.
^ John May (fl. 1613) economic writer; deputy aulnager, c. 1606; published (1613) an account of the means by which woollen manufacturers evaded the statutes.
^ Thomas May (1596–1660), author; B.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1612; admitted to Gray's Inn, 1615; prevented by defective utterance from practising law; unsuccessful as a playwright; his translations of the classics praised by Ben Jonson; wrote two narrative poems, one on Henry II, 13, the other on Edward III, 1635, by the king's command; unsuccessful candidate for laureateship, 1637; adopted parliamentary cause; secretary for the parliament, 1646; his History of the Long Parliament (1647) considered by Chatham 'honester and more instructive than Clarendon's'.
^ Sir Thomas Erskine May , first Baron Farnborouqh (1815-1886) constitutional jurist; assistant librarian of the House of Commons, 1831; barrister, Middle Temple, 1838; examiner of petition-* for private bills and taxin*-mUT for both houses of parlisimrnt, 1S47-56; Sikrf the Houw of Commons, 1871 -*;: K.r.B.,1866; president of the Statute Law Rev i- ion ( ommittee, 1866-84; privy oouncillor, 1K86: created Baron Farnborough, 1886; Wrote historical works and on parliamentary procedure.
^ William May, Mey, or Meye (d. 1560), archbishop-elect of York; brother of John May (d. 1598), bishop of Carlisle; LL.D. Cambridge, 1631; fellow of Trinity Hall; energetically supported the Reformation chancellor of Ely, 1582; vicar-general of Ely, 1583: signed the Ten Articles, 1536: assisted in the Institution of Christian Man 1537: president of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1537: prebendary of Ely, 1541; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1545; saved the Cambridge colleges from dissolution by his favourable report, 1546; dean of St Paul's, 1546; a prominent ecclesiastic in Edward VI's reign; dispossessed on Queen Mary's, restored on Queen Elizabeth's, accession: died on the day of his election to the archbishopric of York.
^ Sir Samuel Mayart (d. 1660?), Irish judge; appointed justice of Irish common pleas, having offered 300l. to anyone who should procure him the office, 1625; knighted, 1631: wrote on constitutional relations between England and Ireland, 1643.
^ Richard Maydestone (rf. 1396). See Maidstone.
^ John Mayer (1583–1664), biblical commentator: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 16U5; D.D., 1627; published a biblical commentary, 1627-69, and other theological works.
^ Joseph Mayer (1803–1886), antiquary and collector; first studied Greek coins; sold his cabinet of Greek coins to the French government, 1844; presented his collection, which included Egyptian antiquities and Saxon remains (valued at 80,0001.), to the corporation of Liverpool, 1867; purchased some spurious papyri of the scriptures from Simonides (published, 1861); acquired many thonsands of drawings, engravings, and autograph letters on the history of art in England, including the collections of William Upcott and Thomas Dodd ; founded the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire; president, 1866-9; established a free library at Bebington, 1866.
^ Samuel Ralph Townshend Mayer (1840–1880), miscellaneous writer: secretary of the Free and Open Church Association, 1866-72: one of the founders of the Junior Conservative Club, 1870; editor of various magazines.
^ Sir Theodore Turquet de Mayerne (1573–1655), physician: M.D. Montpellier, 1597; royal district physician at Paris, 1600; his treatise on chemical remedies condemned by the College of Physicians at Paris, 1603; came to England, 1603; physician to James I's queen; returned to Paris, but after 1611 resided entirely in England, attending the royal family and nobility; knighted, 1634: made chemical and physical experiments; drew up a series of precautions against plague, 1644; wrote an historically valuable account of the typhoid fever, of which Prince Henry died, 1612; twenty-three volumes of his notes on cases in the British Museum,
^ William Frederick Mayers (1831–1878), Chinese scholar; went to China as student-interpreter, 1859; secretary of legation at Pekin, 1872; F.R.G.8., 1861; F.R.A.S, 1861; wrote on Chinese subjects.
^ Augustus Septimus Mayhew (1826–1875), author; brother of Henry Mayhew and Horace Mayhew; wrote popular fiction with his brother Henry Maybew; with Henry Sutherland Edwards wrote six playi.
^ Edward Mayhew (1670–1626). See Maihew.
^ Henry Mayhew (1812–1887), author : brother of Augustus Septimus Mayhew and Horace Mayhew ; educated at Westminster: started Figaro in London,* 1881-9; collaborated with Augustus Septimus Maybew; an originator of * Punch 1841; started philanthropic jniiriiallrai on the subject of the London poor, 1862; published German Life and Manners in Saxony 1864, humorous work*, and plays,
^ Horace Mayhew (1816–1872), author: brother of Augustus Septimus Mayhew and Henry May hew : wrote farces and tales; contributed to Gruikshank'sTable-book 1845, andLloyd's Weekly News 1852; sub-editor, ofPunch many of his books illustrated by Cruikshank.
^ Henry de Maymysfeld (d. 1328). See Maunsfield.
^ Edward Maynard (1654–1740), antiquary: fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1678-94; M.A., 1677; D.D., 1691; canon and precentor of Lichfleld, 1700; edited Dugdale's History of St. Paul's Cathedral 1716.
^ John Maynard (fl. 1611), lutenist; one of the first to use the lyra-viol; wrote The Twelve Wonder(songs), 1611.
^ Sir John Maynard (1592–1658), courtier, presbyterian, and royalist; entered the Inner Temple, 1610: partisan of Buckingham; M.P., Ohippenham, 1624; K.B. and servant of the privy chamber, 1625; M.P., Oalne, 1628; raised troops in Surrey for parliament, 1642; M.P., Lostwithiel, 1647; leader of the presbyterian party and charged with disaffection by Fairfax, 1647; readmitted to the house and placed on the committee of safety, 1647; committed to the Tower and impeached, 1648: protested against the Lordsjurisdiction over the Commons, 1648; resumed his seat, 1648.
^ John Maynard (1600–1665), divine ; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1620; M.A. Magdalen Hall, 1622; incumbent of Mayfield, 1624; became a puritan; chosen one of the Westminster Assembly; preached before the Long parliament, 1644, 1646, and 1648; Sussex commissioner for ejecting scandalous ministers and schoolmasters, 1654; ejected, 1662; published sermons.
^ Sir John Maynard (1602–1690), judge ; barrister, Middle Temple, 1626; M.P., Totnes, in Short and Long parliaments; framed Strafford's impeachment; deputylieutenant of militia under parliament, 1642; member of the Westminster Assembly; advocated abolition of feudal wardships; protested against the king's deposition, 1648; i serjeant-at-law, 1664; imprisoned for hinting Cromwell's 1 government a usurpation, 1655; M.P., Plymouth, 1656-8; Protector's Serjeant, 1658; solicitor-general on Richard Cromwell's accession: one of the first Serjeants called at the Restoration; king's Serjeant and knighted, 1660; appeared for the crown at most of the state trials at the Restoration, and at most of the popish plot prosecutions; M.P., Plymouth, in the convention, 1689; lord commissioner of the great seal, 1689: left such an obscure will that a private act of parliament was passed, 1694, to settle the disputes to which it gave rise; his legal manuscript collections preserved in Lincoln's Inn Library.
^ Walter Maynard (pseudonym) (1828–1894). See Thomas Willert Beale.
^ Cuthbert Mayne (d. 1577), first seminary priest executed in England; chaplain of St. John's College, Oxford; M.A., 1570: went to Douay, 1573; ordained Roman catholic priest, 1575; chaplain to Francis Tregian, 1576; discovered and imprisoned, 1577; executed.
^ Jasper Mayne (1604–1672), archdeacon of Chichester and dramatist; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1627; M.A., 1631; D.D., 1646; wrote City Match (comedy), 1639. and The Amorous War (tragi-comedy), 1648; in middle life abandoned poetry and (1639) became rector of Oassington; preached before Charles I at Oxford and wrote controversial pamphlets: ejected from hU studentship and from Oassington, but made rector of Pyrton, 1648; ejected from Pyrton, 1656; reinstated in his benefices at the Restoration and appointed canon of Christ Church, Oxford, archdeacon of Ohichester, and chaplain in ordinary to the king.
^ John Mayne (1769–1836), Scottish poet ; printer ; subsequently proprietor and joint-editor of theStar*; wrote poems for magazines; praised by Scott and Burns.
^ Perry Mayne (1700?–1761), vice-admiral: entered navy, 1712: captain, 1725; present at reduction of Portobello, 1739; unsuccessfully attacked Cartagena, 1741; rear-admiral, 1746; presided at the trials of Vice admiral Richard Lestock, 1747, ami Admiral Thomas Mathews; vice-admiral, 1747.
^ Sir Richard Mayne (1796–1868), police commission. -r: I. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1H18; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1821; barrister, Lincoln's I, m, 1 vj-j to institute metropolitan police, Ihr.u; K.C.B., 1861.
^ Richard Charles Mayne (1835–1892 ),admiil ; educated at Eton: entered navy, 1847; commanded survey expedition to the Strait* of Magellan, 1866-9, the a of which be published, 1871; rear-admiral, 1879: C.B., 1879; vice-admiral, 1885; M.P., Pembroke and Haverfordwest, 1886.
^ Simon Mayne (1612–1661), regicide: student at Inner Temple, 1630; MJP., Aylesbury, 1645; judge at diaries I's trial, signing the warrant; attainted, 1660; died in the Tower of London.
^ William Mayne (1818–1865), colonel and brigadier of the Hyderabad contingent; ensign in Bast India Company's service, 1837: lieutenant, 1841: distinguished himself at Julgar, 1840, Jellalahad, and Istiliff, 1842; suppressed disturbances in the Deccan, 1851-4; brevet-colonel and aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria, 1854.
^ Zachary Mayne (1631–1694), religious writer; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1652; M.A., 1654; convened before the vice-chancellor for a sermon preached in St. Mary's Church, Oxford, 1660: expelled from his fellowship, 1660; schoolmaster at Dalwood, 1671-90; master of Exeter grammar school, 1690-4: publishal religious treatises.
^ Arthur Maynwabing (1668–1712). See Mainwaring.
^ Everard Maynwaring (1628–1699?), medical writer; M.B. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1652; visited America; M J. Dublin, 1655; began to practise in London 1663; condemned violent purgatives and bloodletting; had charge of Middlesex pest-house during the plague, 1665; published medical works.
^ Mayo, sixth Earl of (1822–1872). See Richard Southwell Bourke.
^ Charles Mayo (1750–1829), historian; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1774: B.O.L., 1779; incumbent of Huish, 1775, Beechingstoke, 1779; wrote a European, 1793, and a universal, history, 1804; founded two scholarships at Oxford.
^ Charles Mayo (1792–1846), educational reformer : of Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, and St. John's College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1822; head-master of Bridgnorth grammar school, 1817-19; English chaplain to Peetalozzi's establishment at Yverdun, 1819; introduced Pestalozzi's system at Epsom, 1822, and at Cheam, 1826: published school-books and Memoirs of Pestalozzi 1828.
^ Charles Mayo (1767–1858), professor of AngloSaxon at Oxford: son of Herbert Mayo ( 1720-1802); of Merchant TaylorsSchool, London: fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, 1788: M.A., 1793; professor of Anglo-Saxon, 1795-1800: B.D., 1796; Whitehall preacher, 1799: F.S.A., 1820; F.R.S., 1827.
^ Charles Mayo (1837–1877), army surgeon; of Winchester School; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1856; M.A., 1863; M.D., 1871; M.R.C.S., 1861: L.R.C.P., 1869: university coroner, 1865-9; in medical service corps under Grant, 1862; with the German army, 1870: with the Dutch in Sumatra, 1873-4: published History of Wimhorue Minster 1860; died at sea.
^ Daniel Mayo (1672?–1733), presbyterian minister; son of Richard Mayo; educated at Glasgow (M.A.) and Leyden; presbyteriau minister at Kingstonon-Thames, where he kept a school, 1698; presbyterian pastor in London: published sermons.
^ Elizabeth Mayo (1793–1865), educational reformer; with her brother, Charles Mayo (1792-184) , at Epsom and Cheam; published school-books.
^ Herbert Mayo (1720-1802), divine.
^ Paggen William Mayo (1766–1838), physician : medical fellow, ege, Oxford, 1792: M.D.. 1795; physician
^ Henry Mayo ( 1783–1793 dissenting minister' pastor of independent church, Wapping, 1762; D.D. and LL.D.; acquainted with Dr. Johnson, and known as toe 'Literary
^ Herbert Mayo (1720–1802), divine; fellow of Bnsenose College, Oxford, 1740; M.A.. 1745; D.D., 1763; rector of Middleton Cheney. 1764, of St. OeorgVs, London, 1764-1802; J.P. for Middlesex. xxxv,
^ Herbert Mayo (1796–1852), physiologist: son of John Mayo; pupil of Sir Charlen Bell, 1812-15; M.D. Leyden: M.U.O.S.. 1819; dUcovered the real function of the nerves of the face, 1822; surgeon of Middlesex Hospital, 1827-42; professor of anatomy and surgery to Royal College of Surgeons, 1828-9; F.BA, 1828; professor of anatomy at King's College, London. 1830-6; F.G.S., 1832; founded medical school at the Middlesex Hospital, 1836; physician to hydropathic establishment at Boppart, 1848, afterwards at Bad Weilbach; published medical works.
^ John Mayo (1761–1818), physician ; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1784: M.A., 1788; M.D., 1788; F.R.C.P., 1788; censor, 1790, 1795, 1804, and 1808; Harveian orator, 1795; physician to Foundling Hospital, London, 1787-1809, Middlesex Hospital, 1788-1803; physician in ordinary to Caroline, princess of Wales,
^ Paggen William Mayo (1766–1836), ; son of Herbert St. John's College,* Oxford, to Middlesex Hospital, 1793-1801; F.R.C.P., 17 1797; Gulstonian lecturer, 1798; Harveian orator, 1807.
^ Richard Mayo (1631?–1695), ejected divine; vicar of Kingston-on-Thames, 1648; ejected, 1662: presbyterian minister in London; merchants lecturer, 1694; published theological works.
^ Thomas Mayo (1790–1871), president of the Royal College of Physicians; son of John Mayo; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1813; M.A.. 1814: M.D., 1818; F.R.C.P., 1819: censor, 1836, 1839, 1850; F.R.S M 1835; Lumleian lecturer, 1839, 1842: physician to Marylebone Infirmary, 1841: Harveian orator, 1841: Croonian lecturer, 1853; president, R.C.P., 1857-62; wrote on mental diseases.
^ John Mayow, Mayouwe or Mayo (1640-1679), physiologist and chemist: fellow of All Souls, Oxford, 1660: D.C.L., 1670; pubUsbed tract on respiration, 1668 (repnbhshed at Leyden, 1671), in which he discovered the double articulation of the ribs with the spine, and put forward views (still discussed) on the internal intercostals, developed in Tractatus quinque 1674 (translated into French, German, and Dutch): iicussed the chemistry of combustion, and described muscular action; F.R., 1678.
^ Count Joseph Mazzinghi (1765–1844), composer; pupil of John Christian Bach, Bertolini, Sacchiui, and Anfossi; organist at the Portuguese Chapel, London, 1775: composer and director of music at the Italian opera, 1785-92; arranged Carl ton House and Nobility concerto, 1791: partner in Goulding, D'Almaine & Co., 1790: composed stage pieces, pianoforte sonatas, and other works.
^ Joseph Mead or Mede (1586–1638). biblical scholar; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1610: fellow, 1613; appointed to the Greek lectureship, 1619; philologist, historian, mathematician, and physicist: botanist and practical anatomist: studied astrology, egyptology, and the origin of Semitic religions; chief work, Clavis Apocalyptica 1627.
^ Matthew Mead or Meade (1630?–1699), independent divine; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1649-51; contested the rectorship of Great Brickhill 1653; appointed by Cromwell to St. Paul's, Shadwell, 1658; ejected, 1662; went to Holland, 1664: in London during the plague, 1665; minister at Stepney, 16,1; guardian of James Peirce, the Exeter heretic, 1680; suspected of complicity in the Rye House plot, but discharged, 1683; assisted in amalgamation of the presbyteriSTand congregatlonallst bodies, 1690; published sermons.
^ Richard Mead (1673-1754), physician: son of Matthew Mead; educated at Utrecht under Graevius, and at Leyden under Paul Herman and Archibald Pitcairne; travelled in Italy, 1695: M.D. Padua, 1696; began practice at Stepney, 1696: published * Mechanical Account of Poisons (an account of venomous snakes), 1702: F.R.S., 1703: physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1708-15: published a treatise on the influence of the son and moon on human bodies, 1704; on the council of the Royal Society, 1705 and 1707-54; vicepresident, 1717: M.D. Oxford, 1707; F.R.C.P., 1716: censor, 1716, 1719, and 1724; anatomy lecturer to the Barber-Surgeons, 1711-15: collected objects of vertu: procured the release of Dr. Freind from the Tower; attended Sir Isaac Newton. Bishop Burnet, George L and Sir Robert Walpole; friend of Richard Bentley (1669-1743): drew up a statement concerning the prevention of the plague, 1720; successfully inoculated seven condemned criminals, 1721; Harveiau orator, 1723; physician to George II, 1727; financially assisted various literary projects.
^ Robert Mead (1616–1653), poet: contributed, while at Westminster School, to Oowley's Poetical Biossomes 1633: aa an undergraduate of Christ Church, Oxford, wrote a comedy,The Combat of Love and Friendship: contributed toJonsouus Virbius 1638: M.A., 1641: royalist captain at the siege of Oxford and assault on Abingdon, 1646; Charles II's envoy to Sweden, 1649-51,
^ William Mead (1628–1713), quaker: originally captain of a train-band: joined the quakers, 1670: imprisoned with William Penn, 1670: jury committed to Newgate for acquitting him and Penn, 1670; wrote in defence of the quakers.
^ John Meade (1672–1653). See Almeida.
^ Richard Charles Francis Christian Meade , third Earl of Clanwilliam (Irish peerage) and first Baron Clanwilliam (peerage of United Kingdom) (1795–1879), educated at Eton; succeeded to earldom, 1805; attended Lord Castlereagh at Vienna congress, 1814; Castlereagh's private secretary, 1817-19; foreign under-secretary, 1822; with Wellington at Verona congress, 1822; minister at Berlin, 1823-7; G.C.H., 1826; created Baron Clanwilliam, 1828.
^ Sir Robert Henry Meade (1835–1898), civil servant; second son of Richard Charles Francis Meade, third earl of Clanwilliam; of Eton and Exeter College, Oxford; M.A., I860: entered foreign office, 1859; accompanied Prince of Wales (now Edward VII) on tour in Palestine and Eastern Europe, 1861-2; groom of bedchamber to Prince of Wales (now Edward VII), 1862; private secretary to Earl Granville as president of council, 1864-6, and in colonial office, 1868: assistant undersecretary of state in colonial office. 1871-92, and permanent under-secretary, 1892-6: G.O.B., 1897.
^ George Wilson Meadley (1774–1818), biographer; banker's apprentice, 1788-93; founded Sunderlanu subscription library, 1795; met Paley, whose Memoirs he wrote, 1809: made mercantile voyages to the Levant, 1796, to Danzig, 1801, and to Hamburg, 1803; became a Unitarian; published biographies of Algernon Sidney, 1813, and others.
^ Lords Meadowbank . See MACONOCHIE, ALLAN, 1748-1816; MACONOCHIE, afterwards MACONOCHIE-WELWOOD, ALWAXDER, 1777-1861.
^ Richard Meadowcourt (1695–1760), divine and author; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1718: M.A., 1718; controversy caused by his sermon on calumny in religious polemics, 1722; vicar of Oakley, 1727; canon of Worcester, 1734; incumbent of Quinton, 1738, of Lindridge, 1761; published Critique on Paradise Regained 1732, and similar works.
^ John Meadowe (1622–1697). See Meadows.
^ Alfred Meadows (1833–1887), obstetric physician; entered King's College medical school, 1853; M.D. London, 1868: F.R.C.P., 1873: house-physician, 1856 and assistant-physician, 1860, at King's College Hospital, London; physician to Hospital for Women, Soho Square London, 1863-74; physician accoucheur and lecturer to St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1871-87; first president of British Gynaecological" Society, 1884; his Manual of Midwifery (3rd edit. 1876), translated into Japanese.
^ Drinkwater Meadows (1799–1869). actor; acted at Covent Garden, 1821-44; at the Lyceum, London, under the Keeley management, 1844-7; joined Kean and Keeley in the management of the Princess's, London, where he remained under Harris until his retirement, 1862; most successful in eccentric comedy.
^ John Meadows or Meadowe (1622–1697), ejected minister; fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1644; M.A., 1646; rector of Ousden, 1653; ejected, 1662; licensed as a presbyterian, 1672.
^ John Meadows (1676–1757), divine ; son of John Meadows (1622-1697); presbyterian minister at Needham Market, 1701; published * Apostolic Rule of Ordination 1738.
^ Joseph Kenny Meadows (1790–1874 ), draughtsman; produced an illustrated edition of Shakespeare, 1839-43; exhibited occasionally at the Royal Academy andthe Society of British Artists; received civil list pension, 1864.
^ Sir Philip Meadows , the elder (1626–1718), diplomatist; M.A. QueensCollege, Cambridge; appointed Latin secretary to Cromwell's council to relieve Milton, 1653; represented Cromwell at Lisbon, 1656; envoy to Frederick III of Denmark at the treaty of Roskild, 1658; knighted, 1658; ambassador to Sweden, 1658; published in retirement an account of the wars between Sweden and Denmark, 1675, also a book on naval supremacy and marine jurisdiction, 1689; commissioner of public accounts, 1692; member of the council of trade, 1696; commissioner of trade, 1708.
^ Sir Philip Meadows , the younger (d. 1757), son of Sir Philip Meadows the elder; commissioner of excise, 1698-1700: knight-marshal of the king's household and knighted, 1700; envoy to Holland, 1706: sent on a mission to the emperor, 1707: controller of army accounts, 1707.
^ Leonard Meager (1624?–1704?), gardener ; published English Gardener 1670 (llth edit. c. 1710).
^ Thaddeus de Meagher, or Thaddee (1670-1765), soldier of fortune; left Ireland and served in the French army; chamberlain to Frederick Augustus II, king of Poland and elector of Saxony, 1739; lieutenantgeneral in the Polish army, 1752; despatched to negotiate with Frederick the Great, 1756 died at Dresden.
^ Thomas Francis Meagher (1823–1867), Irish nationalist; studied at Dublin for the bar, 1844; made a brilliant speech against peace with England, 1846, which led Thackeray to dub him * Meagher of the Sword; founded the Irish Confederation, 1847; arrested for sedition, 1848; found guilty of high treason for endeavouring to raise an insurrection in Ireland, 1848; transported to Van Diemen's Land, 1849: escaped to America, 1852; admitted to the New York bar, 1855; founded the Citizen 1854, andIrish News 1856; volunteer in the civil war, becoming brigadier-general, 1862; secretary of Montana territory, 1866; temporary governor, 1866; drowned in the Missouri.,
^ Joseph Calrow Means (1801–1879), general baptist minister; on general baptist assembly committee, 1823; entered University College, London, 1828: afternoon preacher at Worship Street, London, 1829-39; secretary to general baptist assembly, 1831: edited 'General Baptist Advocate 1831-6; minister at Chatham, ! 1843-55; headmaster of Chatham proprietary school: returned to Worship Street, London, 1855.
^ Dermod Meara or Dermitius (fl. 1610), author and physician; studied at Oxford; physician in Ireland; published Latin poem on the Earl of Ormonde, 1615, and treatise on hereditary diseases, 1619.
^ Edmund Meara or O'Meara (d. 1680), physician; son of Dermod Meara; M.D. Rheims, 1636; honorary F.R.c.P., 1664: defended in his Examen 1665, Thomas Willis (1621-1675), and was attacked by Richard Lower (1631-1691)
^ John Meares (1756?–1809), naval commander and voyager: entered navy, 1771; lieutenant, 177* India, 1783; formed a company for trading with Northwest America, and (1786) explored Prince William Sound; olitaint-d promise of monopoly of Nootka M in I tr.i.Ir, 1788; returned to India, 1788, leaving at Nootka Sound the Iphitfcuia, which was seized by the Spaniard-: appealed to government, 1790, war being only avt-rtiil i.y Spain acceding to the British demand*; his account- of hU voyages disputed by George Dixon (d. 1800?) q. v..
^ Duncan Mearns (1779–1852), professor of theology; M.A. Aberdeen, 1795; minister of Tarvea, 1799; professor of divinity, Aberdeen, 1816; moderator of the general assembly, 1821; one of George IV's chaplains for Scotland, 1S23.
^ John Mears or Mairs (1695?–1767), Irish presbyterian divine; studied divinity, Glasgow; M.A., 1713: licensed to Newtownards, 1730; non-subscriber; formed a separate congregation, 1723; minister at Clonmel, 1735174i, at Stafford Street, Dublin, 1740-67; his Catechism 1732, long in use.
^ William Mears (fl. 1722), publisher : foreman of the Stationers Company, 1707; issued in 1722 editions of Holinshed, Defoe's Moll Flanders (3rd edit.) and Ludlow 1 - Memoirs; imprisoned for publishingPhilosophical Dissertation on Death by de Paaaereau and Morgan, 1732; mentioned in the Duuciad
^ Lords of Meath . See LACY, HUGH DE, first Lord (d. 1186 ; LACY, WALTER, second LORD,;!. 1241.
^ John Joseph Mechi (1802–1880), agriculturist: clerk in the Newfoundland trade, 1818; cutler: made a fortune by his magic razor strop: purchased a farm, 1841; effected improvements in agriculture: sheriff of London, 1856; alderman, 1857; published agricultural works.
^ Matthew Medbourne (d. 1679), actor and dramatist; of the Duke's Theatre company; imprisoned on Oates's information, 1678; wrote and translated plays.
^ Joseph Mede (1586–1638). See Mead.
^ George Medhurst (1769–1827), projector of the atmospheric railway: clockmaker; subsequently engineer; patented windmill for compressing air, 1799, Aeolian engine 1800, and compound crank, 1801: machinist and ironfounder in London; invented balance scales; suggested pneumatic dispatch for conveying letters and goods in tubes by compressed air, 1810: extended his suggestion to passengers, 1812, developing it into a project for a carriage on rails in the open air, 1827.
^ Walter Henry Medhurst (1796–1867), missionary, of St. Paul's School, London: went to China as missionary printer, 1816: learnt Malay and Chinese: ordained, 1819: translated the bible into Chinese, and published English and Japanese (1830) and Chinese and English (1842-3) dictionaries.
^ Sir Walter Henry Medhurst (1822–1886), British consul in China; son of Walter Henry Medhurst; entered office of Chinese secretary, 1840: sent to Hong Kong, 1841; present at Amoy and Chusan (gainIng medal), 1841; consular interpreter at Shanghai, 1843: vice-consul at Amoy and (1864) at Foo-chow-foo. also at Tang-chow and Shanghai; mentioned in war despatches, 1861; consul at Hankow, 1864; defended British treaty rights, 1868; removed to Shanghai, 1868-77: knighted, 1877: promoted formation of British North Borneo Company, 1881.
^ John Medina (1721–1796), painter; grandson of Sir John Baptist Medina; restored the Holyrood pictures; made copies of the Ailsa portrait of Mary Queen of Scots; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1772 and 1773.
^ Sir John Baptist Medina (1659–1710), portrait painter; born at Brussels; went to Scotland, 1688, where he was known as the Kneller of the North; last knight made in Scotland before the union, 1707.
^ Thomas Medland (d. 1833), engraver and draughtsman: drawing-master at Haileybury College, iwiti: exhibited at Royal Academy; illustrated various works.
^ Henryy Medley . 1747), vice-admiral : entered navy, 1703; lieutenant, 1710; captain, 17X0; rear-admiral of the white, 1744; vice-admiral, 1746; commander-ln iiii-i in the Mediterranean, 1746; vice-admiral of the red,
^ John Medley (1804–1892), first bishop of Fredericton, New Brunswick; M.A., Wadham College, Oxford, 1830; vicar of St. John's, Truro, 18S1; prebendary of Exeter, 1842: D.D., 1846; bishop of Predericton, 1(M6; metropolitan of Canada, 1879; hou. LL.D. Cambridge and D.D. Durham, 1888; published theological works.
^ Samuel Medley (1738–1799), baptist minister and hymn-writer; wounded off Cape Lagos and discharged from the navy, 1769; schoolmaster, 1762-4; baptist minister at Watford, 1767, at Byrom Liverpool, 1772; worked among the seamen; hymns and devotional works.
^ Samuel Medley (1769–1857), painter; son of Samuel Medley (1738-1799); painted portraits, 1792-1805: assisted in founding University College, London, 1826.
^ Sir William Medows (1718–1811), general; grandson of Sir Philip Meadows (d. 1767); entered the army, 1766; served in Germany, 1760-4: lieutenant-colonel, 1764: distinguished himself at Brandy wine, 1776, and against Santa Lucia, 1778; colonel, 1780; sent to Cape of Good Hope, 1781; commander-in-chief and governor of Bombay, 1788; led unsuccessful campaign against Tippoo, sultan of Mysore, 1790: distinguished himself at Nandidrug, 1791, and Seringapatam, 1792: K.B., 1792; lieutenant-general, 1793; general and governor of the Isle of Wight, 1798; commander-in-chief in Ireland, 1801.
^ Henry Medwall (fl. 1486), writer of interludes : chaplain to Morton, archbishop of Canterbury; his extant interlude,Nature(printed, -. 1516), performed before Morton in Henry VIl's reign.
^ Thomas Medwin (1788–1869), biographer of Shelley and author of Conversations of Lord Byron; lieutenant, 24th dragoon guards, 1813; served in India; introduced by his cousin Shelley to Byron at Pisa, 1821; took notes of his conversation, which he published on Byron's death, 1824; expanded his memoir of Shelley, Issued in Shelley Papers (1833), Into a life, 1847.
^ Lord Medwyn (1776–1864). See John Hay Forbes.
^ Anne Mee (1775?-1851), miniature-painter; eldest child of John Foldsone; received much royal and aristocratic patronage; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1815-37.
^ Charles Patrick Meehan (1812–1890), author and translator; educated at Ballymahon and Rome: Roman catholic curate of Rathdrum, 1834; member of Royal Irish Academy; published translations and historical compilations in connection with Irish Roman catholic subjects.
^ Sir James Meek (1778–1866), public servant; entered commissariat department, 1798; collected supplies for Egyptian expedition, 1800: comptroller of the victualling and transport services, 1830; collected information (1841) for Peel's free-trade measures; knighted, 1851.
^ Mrs Mary Meeke (d. 1816?), novelist; published novels, from 1796, in her own name and under the pseudonym Gabrielli
^ Henry Meen (d. 1817), classical scholar; fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.A. 1769; B.D., 1776; minor canon of St. Paul's, London, 1792: prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1796: publishedRemarks on the Cassandra of Lycophron 1800.
^ Alfred Meeson (1808–1886), architect and surveyor; superintended construction of houses of parliament under Sir Charles Barry, 1842, and other public buildings.
^ Edward Meetkerke (1590–1657), divine; of Westminster School; student and tutor of Christ Church, Oxford, 1610; M.A., 1613 (incorporated at Cambridge, 1617): wrote poem- in D.D., 1625; deprived of hi* stall Hebrew and Latin.
^ John Meggot (1714-1789). See Elwes.
^ Christopher Meidel (fl. 1687-1708), Quaker; of Norwegian birth; chaplain to Prince George of Denmark in England, 1683; minister of Danish congregation, 1687; joined qoakers, 1699: accompanied Claridge, preaching in Herefordshire and Buckinghamshire, 1705; imprisoned 1706; visited Holstein; arrested in France, 1708; published Danish translations of quaker books.
^ Meigant, Maugantius, Meugan, or Meugant (fl. 6th cent), Welsh saint or druid: presi.leut of the ootaJofSLllityd at Llantwit: subsequently moved to tbewUblishmeut of St. Dubrioiu-.
^ Andrew Meikle (1719–1811), millwright and in oflbe thrashing-machine; millwright near Dunbar: patented machine tor dressing grain, 1768; unrul with first tbrashlng-inachine, 1778: invented thrashing-machine, 1784: manufactured thrashmg17W: iobacription rained for his J'JJfff
^ George Meikle (d. 1811), millwright; son of : invented a water-raising wheel, ne MOM, 1787. of Hull 1643: captured Gainsborough, Cawopi nd t he fort of Aimmouth, 1643; forced to. disMM capitulation tit Newark by Rupert 1644; wounded at Scarborough.
^ Melfort first Earl and titular Duke of (1649-1714). See John Drummond.
^ Pius Melia (1800–1883), Roman catholic divine; professor of literature in the jesuitecollege, Rome; misSSfS England, 1848; almoner of the Italian BenevoJen? Society, 1862; published doctrinal "o*..
^ William of Meliton, Militon, or Milton (d 1261), Franciscan; fifth master of the Friars Minors, Cambridge, 1260; D.D.: finished Alexander of Hales's Summa Theologiae 1252; died in Paris; his commentaries extant among the National Library manuscripts, Paris.
^ Davis Mell (ft. 1650), violinist; musician to Charles I; considered the first violinist in England; entertained at Oxford, 1658; leader of Charles II's band, 1660: some of his compositions contained in Simpson's 'Division Violin 1684.
^ Count of Mellent (1104–1166). See Waleran de Beaumont.
^ John Mellis (ft. 1588), mathematician ; Southwark schoolmaster; published works on arithmetic and book-keeping.
^ Sir George Mellish (1814–1877), lord justice of appeal educated at Eton and University College, Oxford; M V 1839; honorary fellow, 1872; barrister, Inner Temple, 1848: Q.C., 1861; lord justice of appeal, 1870; knighted and privy councillor, 1870; hoin. D.C.L. Oxford, 1874.
^ Mellitus (d. 624), first bishop of London and third archbishop of Canterbury; sent from Rome by Pope Gregory to reinforce Augustine, 601: consecrated bishop by Augustine, and sent to preach to the East Saxons; won the support of Ethclbert, king of Kent, who built St Paul's Church, London; attended a council at Rome, 610; brought back decrees and letters from the pope; banished, 616; returned to Kent, 617, on Eadbald's conversion; archbishop of Canterbury, 619-24.
^ Alfred Mellon (1820–1867), musician; leading violinist of the Royal Italian Opera, London; musical director at the Haymarket and Adelphi Theatres; hia operaVictorineproduced at Oovent Garden, London, 1859.
^ Harriot Mellon, Duchess of St. Albans (17777-1837), actress; first appeared, 1787; at Drury Lane, 1795-1815, playing an extensive round of characters: married Thomas Coutts, the banker, 1815, and after his death, William Aubrey de Vere, ninth duke of St. Albans, 1827.
^ Sir John Mellor (1809–1887), judge ; barrister, Inner Temple, 1833; Q.C., 1851; recorder of Warwick, 1849-52, of Leicester, 1855-61: M.P., Great Yarmouth, 1857, Nottingham, 1869; justice of the queen's bench and knighted, 1861; tried the Fenians at Manchester, 1867, and Arthur Orton for perjury, 1873; privy councillor, 1879; published a life of Seldeu.
^ Courtney Melmoth (1749–1814). See Samuel Jackson Pratt.
^ William Melmoth, the elder (1666–1743), religious writer and lawyer: barrister, 1693; member of Lincoln's Inn, 1699; corresponded anonymously with Archbishop Tenison, 1705; bencher, 1719; treasurer (1730) of Lincoln's Inn; published anonymously the 'Great Importance of a Religious Life 1711, which was generally assigned to John Perceval, first earl of Egmont
^ William Melmoth, the younger (1710–1799), author and commissioner of bankrupts; son of William Melmoth the elder: abandon. -d law, 1739: commissioner of bankrupts, 1756; derided by Dr. Johnson; : knighted, 1622: took part in Rocbelle expedi- knew Mrs. Thralc at Bath, 1780; wroteLetters on Uon and French war; patentee for erecting lighthouses 1 Several Subjects 1742, under the pseudonym Sir Thomas on north and tooth Foreland, 1636; wrote to the king I Fitzwlxmie; translated Pliny's Letters 1746, Cicero's justifying lilii conduct in joining tlw parliament: fought ! Ad Familiar** 1763, and De Penectute 1773. at KdgH.ill, 164J, and tin.- nicvo of Il.-a.ling, 1643: raised fxxxvii. 225}
^ James Meikle (1730–1799), surgeon and devotional writer; passed at Surgeons Hall, London: second surgeon's mate to the Portland, 1768: present at Cape Lagos, tei flwt mate, 1759; obtained discharge, 1762; religious meditations.
^ Mark Anthony Meilan (fl. 1812), miscellaneous writer: resigned situation in post-office: schoolmaster at Hoxton,177C; curate of St John, Wapplng, 1809; published dramatic works and religious books for children.
^ Meilyr Brydydd (i.e. the poet) (d. 1140?), Welsh bard; chief bard of Gruffydd ab Cynan; once acted envoy; three poems by him preserved in Myvyrian Archaiology
^ Mel (d. 487) Irish saint; nephew of St. Patrick ; founded aee of Ardagh, r. 464.
^ Brian Melbancke (fl. 1583), euphuistic writer ; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1579; imitated Lyly's Euphues in Philotimus 1683; alludes to story of Romeo and Juliet as well known.
^ Melbourne, Viscounts. See LAMB, WILLIAM, wcond VIHCOUXT, 1779-1848; LAMB, FRKTJKRICK JAMES, UAK-.S BKACVALK, third VISCOUNT, 1782-1863.
^ Melcombe, first Baron ( 1691–1762). See George Bubb Doddington.
^ Raphael Meldola (1764–1828), Jewish theologian: born at Leghorn; rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews in London, 1804; restored synagogue, 1824; endeavoured to maintain sanctity of Sabbath; wrote devotional books in Hebrew.
^ George Meldrum (1636?–1709), rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen, and professor of divinity at Edinburgh; Aberdeen, 1668: M.A. Aberdeen; KMpenikd, 1662-1; elected rector of Marixchal College ten Umei; depriveii, 1681, for refusing the tent; minister of KUwinnin*. 1688, of Tron Chun-h, Edinburgh, 1692; moderator of the general amcmhly, 1698 and 1703; proteMor of divinity, Kilinburgh, 1702; published sermons and treatiM on church matters.
^ Sir John Meldrum (d. 1645), soldier; assisted in plantation of Ulster, 1610-17; served in the Low Countries;
^ Melrose, first Earl of (1563–1637). Sec Thomas Hamilton.
^ Sir John Melton (d. 1640), politician and author ; read law; knighted, 1632; traded in saltpetre and coal; secretary to the council of the north, 1635; M.P, Newcaatle-ou-Tyue, 1610; published Sixefolde Politician 1609, and Astrologaster 1620.
^ William de Melton (d. 1340), archbishop of York; held posts in the king's household; received ecclesiastical preferments; keeper of the privy seal, 1307; accompanied Edward II to France as secretary, 1308: commissioner to the Cinque Ports, 1312; archbishop of York, 1316; commissioner to treat with Scotland, 1318, 1321, and 1323; routed by the Scots at Myton-on-Swale Obaptour of Mytouu), 1319; treasurer of England, 1325-7; officiated at Edward Ill's marriage, 1328; acquitted of complicity in the Earl of Kent's plot, 1329; treasurer, 1330; empowered to open parliament at York, 1332; keeper of the great seal, 1333-4; asserted his right to bear the cross in the southern province,
^ William de Melton (d. 1628), chancellor of York; M.A. Cambridge, 1479; D.D., 1496; master of Michaelhouse, Cambridge, 1495; chancellor of York, 1496; author ofSermo Exhortatorius published by Wynkyn de Worde, 1494; sometimes confounded with three namesakes.
^ Robert de Melun (d. 1167).
^ Henry Melvill (1798–1871), canon of St. Paul's Cathedral; sizar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1817; migrated to St. Peter's College, Cambridge; second wrangler, 1821; fellow and tutor, 1822-32; M.A., 1824; B.D., 1836; chaplain at the Tower of London, 1840; principal of Haileybury College, 1843-57; chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1853; canon of St. Paul's, 1856-71; rector of Barnes, 1863-71; published numerous sermons.
^ Sir James Cosmo Melvill (1792–1861), brother of Henry Melvill; entered home service of East India Company, 1808, became financial secretary, 1834, and was chief secretary, 1836, till termination of company's existence as governing body, 1858; government director of Indian railways, 1858; F.R.S., 1841; K.O.B., 1853.
^ Thomas Melvill (1726–1763), experimental philosopher; divinity student at Glasgow, 1748-9; read before Edinburgh Medical SocietyObservations on Light and Colours containing fundamental experiments in spectrum analysis, 1752, Ref tangibility of the Rays of Light* before Royal Society, 1753.
^ Viscounts Melville . See DUNDAS, HENRY, first Viscount 1742–1811; DUNDAS, ROBERT SAUNDERS, second VISCOUNT, 1771-1851; DUNDAS, HENRY, third VISCOUNT, 1801-1876.
^ Andrew Melville or Melvell (1545–1622), Scottish presbyterian leader and scholar; educated at Montrose grammar school under Pierre de Marsiliers, 1557-9, and St. Mary's College, St. Andrews; went to Paris, 1564; studied Greek, oriental languages, mathematics, and law; influenced by Peter Ramus; went to Poitiers, 1566: helped to defend Poitiers during the siege, 1568; professor of humanity, Geneva, 1568; met Beza, Joseph Scaliger, and Francis Hottomau; returned to Scotland, 1573; appointed head of Glasgow College, 1574; introduced an enlarged curriculum and established chairs in languages, science, philosophy, and divinity, confirmed by royal charter, 1577; assisted in the organisation of the Scottish church in the presbyterian mould, which was set forth in the * second book of discipline sanctioned, 1581; assisted in the reconstitution of Aberdeen University, 1675, and the re-formation of St. Andrews, 1679; became principal of St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, 1680, where he promoted the study of Aristotle, and created a taste for Greek letters; moderator of the general assembly at St. Andrews, 1582, at which the order for the excommunication of Montgomery (whom he prosecuted as a tulchan bishop) caused open war between the assembly and the court; his party placed in power by the raid of Ruthven 1582; charged with treason, 1584; escaped to England, and was well received in Oxford, Cambridge, and London; returned to Scotland on Arran's fall, 1585; effectul a compromise, 1586; rector of St. Andrews University, 1590; unsuccessfully claimed the right to sit in ! the assembly at Dundee, 1598, and at Montroae, 1600; I deprived of the rectorship in a visitation of M. Andrew*, 1 but made dean of the faculty of theology, 1199; protested on behalf of the leaden of a general assembly ootutitated at Aberdeen, 105, in defiance of the king summoned to London, 1606, where be made two uncompromising speeches on behalf of the freedom assemblies: confined in the lower for a bitter epigram on Anglican ritual, 1607; his release at last obtained, 1611, I iy Henri de la Tour, due de Bouillon, who wUhed him to ; become professor of biblical theology in the university of Sedan; wrote controversial prose works; ranked by laaac Walton next to Buchanan as a Latin poet: died at Sedan.
^ Andrew Melville (1624–1706), soldier of fortune; studied languages at Königsberg; joined presbyterian troops, 1647; joined Charles II at Breda; escaped after Worcester (1661) to Holland; fought for France, Sweden, and Brandenburg; sent by the Duke of Celle to congratulate Charles II, 1660; appointed commandant of Gifhorn, 1677; published an autobiography, 1704; died at Gifhorn.
^ David Melville , third Earl of Leven, second Earl of Melville (1660–1728), son of George Melville, first earl of Melville; military commander; became Earl of Leven, 1681; confidential agent to the Prince of Orange; raised regiment of Scottish refugees, 1688; distinguished himself at Killiecrankie (1689)aud in the Irish campaign; served in Flanders, 1692; major-general of the Scottish forces, 1703; master of ordnance, 1705; comma nder-iu-chief of the Scots forces, 1706; suppressed Jacobite rising, 1708; deprived of all offices by tory administration, 1712.
^ Elizabeth Melville (Jl. 1603). See Colville.
^ George Melville, fourth Baron and first Earl of Melville (1634?-1707), welcomed Charles II in London, 1660; joined Monmouth against the covenanters, 1679, and endeavoured to avoid a conflict; fled on discovery of the Rye House plot and joined the Prince of Orange, 1683; secretary of state for Scotland, 1689; commissioner to the parliament (1690) which established presbyterianism; trusted by the king to propitiate the presbyteriaus; created Earl of Melville, Viscount Kirki caldy, 1690: lord privy seal, 1691: president of the privy council and member of the committee for the security of ; the kingdom, 1696; deprived of his offices, 1702.
^ Captain George John Whyte-Melville (1821-1878). See Whyte-Melville.
^ James Melville or Melvill (1656–1614), Scottish reformer; nephew of Andrew Melville (1545-1622) ; educated at St. Andrews (B.A. St. Leonard's College, 1571) and Glasgow; professor of Hebrew and oriental languages at St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, 1580: seconded his uncle in his views on presbyterianism; fled to Berwick, 1584; prohibited from preaching; attacked ! Bishop Adamsou at the synod of Fife, 1586; ordained to a charge in Fifeshire, 1586; moderator of the general 1 assembly, 1589: presented petitions on ecclesiastical mat ters to James VI of Scotland, who sent him to collect subscriptions from the presbyterians to pay for the expedition against Bothwell; opposed James VI's proposal of a parliamentary vote for ministers, 1598; summoned to London on ecclesiastical affairs, 1606; ordered to confine himself within ten miles of Newcastle, 1607; died at Berwick on his way back to Scotland; published numerous poems; Diary printed, 1829.
^ Sir James Melville (1535–1617) of Hallhill; autobiographer; son of Sir John Melville: page to , Mary Queen of Scots, 1549; wounded at St. Queutin, 1667: i sent to discover the designs of Lord James Stewart, earl of Moray, 1557: endeavoured to win Queen Eliza1 beth's approval of Mary Stuart's marriage to Daruley: I sent to offer the regency to Moray: entrusted with diplomatic missions throughout James VI's minority; knighted; privy councillor; manuscript of hi autobiography first discovered, 1660, last edited, 1887.
^ Sir John Melville (d. 1648), laird of Raith; engaged in the disputes of the regency during James V's minority; master of artillery, 1526; followed James V in his border expeditions; assisted in the trial of Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis, 1537; captain of Dunbar Castle, 1540; a reformer,supporting the 'English' party in Scotland; convicted of treason and executed.
'^ Robert Melville, first Baron Melville (1527-1621), son of Sir John Melville; in the French service, returned to Scotland, 1559: opposed Mary Stuart's umnucy -. Tisited Mary Stuart in Lochleven taken prisoner at Langside, but released Ii68; declared traitor, 1678; his .wu, 1*80; knighted, 1581: clerk and rer depute, MSI: privy councillor, 1582; entreated JBtebeth for Mary Stuart's life: acted as chan1M9; sent to negotiate with Queen Elizabeth, iuu- extraordinary lord of session as Lord MurdocSreie, 194: resigned his offices, 1600; accompanied James VI to England, 1601: commissioner for the union, 1601; created Baron Melville of Monimail, 1616.
^ Robert Melville (1723-1809), general and antiquary; studied at Glasgow and Edinburgh Universities; a*iffVl744: served in Flanders: captain, 1751; major, 1766; lieutenant-governor of Guadeloupe, 1759, governor, 1760; governor of the ceded islands, 1763-70; sent to, France to solicit certain indulgences for the British in 1835; commander, 1846; post-captain, 1852; in Mediterranean, 1853; distinguished at bombardment of Odessa, 1854; flag-captain to Sir Edmund (afterwards Lord) Lyons, 1854-7; C.B., 1855; deputy coutroller-peueral of coastguard at admiralty, 1861-2; director of transports, 1862-8."; rear-admirul, 1869; vice-admiral, 1874; admiral, 1879; G.O.B.,1882: hisLifepublisliol by his son, Boweu Stilon Mends, 1899.
^ Adah Isaacs Menke, formerly Adelaide McCord (1836-1868), actress and writer; acted at New Orleans and hi Texas; journalist; taught French, Greek, and Latin in a school at New Orleans; married Alexander Isaac Menken, 1856; became a Jewess; acted in theStatos, New York, and (1864) London; became acquainted with Dickens, Charles Reade, and Swinburne; met the elder Dumas and Gautier in Paris, 18G6; published Infelicia (poems), 1868; was married four and divorced three times; died in Paris.
^ Lord Menmttcr (1552–1598). See John Lindsay.
^ Sir John Mennes (1599–1671), admiral ; recommended by Sir Alexander Brett for command. 1626; served in the Narrow Seas; raised troop of carabineers, 1640; knighted, 1642; governor of North Wales for i- ranee w soucit CCTUUD IUUUJBCU... ~. ~-, Charles I, 1644: commander of the king's navy, 1645; Tobago; suggested a new theory of Hannibal s route comptroller of the navy, 1661, though not fit for busiacross the Alps: Invented a naval gun, 1759 (used until ne(SJ, according to Pepys; commauder-in-chief in the the middle of this century): F.RA; F.8.A. Downs and admiral, 1662; published, with Dr. James Smith, Wits Recreations 1640, and Musarum Deliciaj 1665.
^ James (1795–1858), Latin scholar ; edudeen grammar school and Marischal College, 1816; LL.D., 1834; master at Aberdeen ADcraeen; si. A., IBID; L,LJ.U., ion, maswr AUCIUCCI grammar school, 1828, rector, 1826:lecturer on humanity at Marischal College; published Latin grammar, 1822, exercise*, posthumous, 1857; collected classical and medieval Latin literature.
^ Menasseh Ben Israel (1604–1657). See Manasseh.
^ Fernando Mendes (d. 1724), physician; born in Portugal; M.D. Montpellier, 1667: attended Catherine of Braganza to England; physician in ordinary to Catherine of Braganza, 1669; attended Charles II: F.R.C.P., 1687.
^ Moses Mendes (d. 1758), poet and dramatist; grandson of Fernando Meudes; successful stockbroker; bon-vivant and wit; wrote dramatic pieces set to music by Boyce and Buruey, and poems and songs in imitation of Spenser.
^ Joseph Mendham (1769-1856), controversialist: M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1795: incumbent of Hill Chapel in Anicu, 1836; wrote against Romish doctrine and organisation; his library presented to the Incorporated Law Society.
^ Mendip, first Baron (1713-1802). See Ellis Welbore.
^ Daniel Mendoza (1784–1836), pugilist : successfully united sparring with boxing; encountered 'the Bath butcher' 1787; at times acted as officer of the sheriff of Middlesex: made tours in Ireland, 1791, and England; retired, 1880; published the Art of Boxing 1789.
^ Joseph de Mendoza y Rios (1762-1816), astronomer; born at Seville: educated at the Royal College of Nobles, Madrid; served in the Spanish navy with distinction: oommlMioned by government to form a maritime library at Madrid: travelled in France: made his home in England after being elected F.R.S., 1793; published works on nautical astronomy, which revolutionised that science, and on navigation.
^ Sir Robert Mends (1767?–1823 commodore: entered navy, 1779: lost right arm at the defence of Yorktown, 1781: wounded at battle of Dominica: lieutenant, 1789; severely burnt by an explosion in action off Lorient, 179*: captain, 1800: distinguished himself on Spanish at, 1810; superintendent of Portsmouth harbour, 11-14; knighted, 1816; appointed commodore and mmnder-in-cbief on the west coast of Africa, 1821; died on board bis ship at Gape Coast, 1883.
^ Sir William Robert Mends (1812-1897), admiral; nephew of Sir Robert Mends: studied at ojral Na valOott M* tmmm f, j, niimmvi nu PorUmouth: served under Captain v. on the Pique, 1836; llnnlijmi.
^ Earls of Menteith . See COMYN, WALTER, d. 1258; GRAHAM, WILLIAM, seventh EARL, 1591-1661.
^ Sir John de Menteith (d. after 1329), Scottish knight; imprisoned for resistance to Edward I, 1296; released, 1297; warden of castle, town, and sheriff dom of Dumbarton, 1304; captured Wallace at Glasgow and took him to London; nominated one of the Scots barons in the united parliament; on the Scottish council and created Earl of Lennox; joined Bruce in his revolt, 1307; commissioned to treat for truce, 1316 and 1323; present nt Arbroath parliament, 1320; last recorded grants to him, 1329.
^ Robert Menteith, Mentet, or Monteith (fl. 1621-1660), author of Histoire des Troubles de la Grande Bretagne; M.A. Edinburgh, 1621; professor of philosophy at Saumur; presented to the kirk of Duddingston, 1630; fled to Paris, 1633; denounced as rebel; became Roman catholic and secretary to De Retz till (1662) the cardinal's arrest; canon of Notre- Dame; his Histoire published, 1660.
^ Archibald Menzies (1754–1842), botanical collector; studied at Edinburgh; naval surgeon; accompanied fur-trading voyage of discovery to North-west coast of America and China, 1786-9; as naturalist and surgeon went with Vancouver to the Cape, New Zealand, and North-west America, 1790-6: ascended Wha-ra-rai and Mauna Loa in Hawaii, determining their altitude by the barometer; brought back various plants, cryptogams, and natural-history objects; F.L.S., 1790.
^ John Menzies (1624–1684), Scottish divine and professor; graduate and regent, Marisclml College, Aberdeen; professor of divinity, Marischal College, Aberdeen, and pastor of Greyfriars Church, Aberdeen,1649: became an independent, 1651; 4 trier in Scotland, 1664; returned to presbyteriauism; reluctantly conformed to episcopacy; engaged in controversy with Roman catholics and quakers; professor of divinity, Kind's College, Old Aberdeen, 1679, but soon resigned; reinstated professor at Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1679; deprived on refusing the test, 1681; gave way, and was reinstated, 1682; published theological works.
^ John Menzies (1766–1834), founder of Blairs College, Kincardineshirc; educated at Dinant; convcynl to Bishop I'atersou his estate of Blairs for the education of secular priests, 1827; benefactor of St. Margaret's Convent, Edinburgh, opened, 1835; acquainted with Scott.
^ Michael Menzies (rf. 1766), advocate and inventor; advocate, 1719; invented a thrashing-machine, 1734, a machine for conveying coal to the shaft, 1750, and a machine for draining coal-mines, 1761, which came into partial use.
^ Simon Meopham or Mepeham (d. 1333), archbishop of Canterbury; fellow of Merton College, Oxford: D.D.; prebendary of Llandaff, 1295: canon of Chu: archbishop of Canterbury, 1327; OOOMCratod at Avignon; mediated between Henry, earl of Lancaster, and Mortimer, 1328; enthroned at Canterbury, 129; crowiml Queen Philippa, 132'J; held several rhurdi councils; irritated his sutrrauMiis liy a scries of systematic visitation-;: contested rieht of Archbishop of York to have his cross borne erect before him in the southern province; called on the monks of St. Auunstine's Abbey to justify their rights to their Kentish churches, 1329; refused to appear before the papal nuncio on the monksappeal, 1332: pronounced contumacious, fined 7UO., and excommunicated for non-payment.
^ John Merbecke (fl. 1583). See Marbeck.
^ Charles Merbury or Marbury (fl. 1581), author: B.A. Oxford, 1570: entered Gray's Inn, 1571; went to Italy: entered household of Earl of Sussex; in France on official business, 1583: corresponded with Anthony Bacon and Walsiugham: published defence of absolute monarchy, 1581.
^ Andrew Mercer (1775–1842), poet and topographer; gave up theology for miniature-painting; wrote for magazines in Edinburgh; settled at Dunfermllne and taught drawing; wrote poems andHistory of Duufermline 1828.
^ Hugh Mercer (1726?–1777), American brigadiergeneral: medical student at Aberdeen: surgeon's mate in the Pretender's army; went to America, 1747; lieutenantcolonel of provincials, 1758; in command at the new Fort Du Quesne; doctor at Predericksburg; drilled the Virginian militia; colonel, 1775; brigadier-general, 1776; died of wounds received at Princetown.
^ James Mercer (1734–1804), poet and soldier; second cousin to Hugh Mercer; M.A. Aberdeen, 1754; went to Paris; joined a British regiment, 1756: distinguished himself at Minden, 1759, and in Ireland; major, 1770; sold out of the army, 1772; major in the 4 Gordon Fencibles 1777; intimate with Beattie, Dr. Reid, Sir William Forbes, and Robert Arbutbnot; hisLyrio Poems 1797, republished 1804 and 1806.
^ John Mercer (1791–1866), calico-printer and chemist; bobbin- winder and hand-loom weaver: experimented in dyeing; studied mathematics and chemistry; discovered dyes suitable for printing calico in orange, yellow, and bronze; chemist at Messrs. Fort Brothers print-works, 1818; partner, 1825; propounded theory of 'catalyticaction at British Association meeting, 1842; joined Chemical Society, 1847; discovered process of 'Mercerising 1850: F.R.S., 1852; read paper on ferrocy an ides at British Association, 1858; made other discoveries connected with dyeing processes,
^ William Mercer (1605?–1675?), lieutenant-colonel and poet: served in Denmark and Sweden; granted prebend of Glenholnie, 1630; officer in Ireland, 1638; lieutenant-colonel in parliamentarian army, 1646; swore allegiance at the Restoration; published poems, including Angliae Speculum 1646, and News from Parnassus 1682.
^ Lords of Merchiston . See Napier, Archibald, first Lord, 1574–1645 ; NAPIER, ARCHIBALD, second LORD, d. 1660.
^ Earl of Mercia (d. 1057).
^ Kings of Mercians . See PENDA, 577?-655; Peada, under-kiug of the South Mercians, d. 656 ; WOLPIierk d. 675 ; COKXRKD, Ji. 704–709 ; CKOLRED, d. 716 : Ethelbald d. 757 ; OPPA, d. 796 ; BEORNWULP, d. 826 ; Wiqlaf d. 838 : BEORHTWULP, d. 852 ; BUKHHED, fl. 852-874.
^ Honoré Mercier (1840–1894), premier of Quebec ; born at Ste.-Atbanase, Lower Canada: educated at Jesuit college, Montreal; edited Le Courier; called to Montreal bar, 1867; member of I House of Commons for Houvillt; in province of Quebec, 1872; solicitor-general, 1878-9; member for Ste.-Hyacinthe and liberal leader in provincial house, 1883; premier of Quebec, 1887-92. His measures included the consolidation of provincial statutes and the establishment of an agricultural department. In 1891 investigation?, besrun in the senate, traced to Mercier or hi- agents sums which the provincial house had voted to the Rale des Chalenn railway; a royal commission was ;s-::.-l:nnl tin- ministry dismissed; a prosecution against him, 1892, on an indictment of conspiracy to defraud the province, failed. Subsequently he again took an active part in politics.
^ Philip Mercier (1689–1760), portrait-painter ; born at Berlin: studied under Antolne Pesne; visited Italy, France, and Hanover; painted the then Prince of Walee's portrait; settled in London. 1716; appointed principal painter (1727) and librarian to Frederick, prince of Walrs.
^ Merddin Wyllt (ft. 580?). See Myrddin.
^ Edward Meredith (1648–1889?), Roman catholic controversialist: educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; accompanied Sir William Godolpbin to Spain as secretary; became Roman catholic; went abroad, 1688; published controversial works; died In Italy.
^ Richard Meredith (1550?-1697), bishop of Leighlin and Ferns: M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1575; held several ecclesiastical appointments in Wales: chaplain to Sir John Perrot q. v.l, lord deputy of Ireland, 1584; dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1584; bishop of Leigblin, 1589; accused of complicity in Perrot's designs; tried in the Stur-chamber, 1590; imprisoned and fined, 1591 and again, 1594; died in Dublin.
^ Richard Meredith (1559–1621), dean of Wells ; educated at Westminster School and New College, Oxford (fellow, 1578); B.C.L., 1584; B.D., 1606; royal chaplain and dean of Wells, 1607.
^ Sir William Meredith , third baronet (d. 1790), politician; D.C.L. Christ Church, Oxford, 1749; M.P., Wigan, 1754-61, Liverpool, 1761-80: a whig and follower of Lord Rockingham; admiralty lord, 1765; protected Lord North from the mob, 1771; his bill for repealing a clause in the Nullum Tempus Act rejected, 1771; failed in attempt to abolish subscription for members of the universities, 1773; comptroller of the household and privy councillor, 1774; resigned, 1777; sold his property. 1779; wrote on political subjects; died at Lyons.
^ Meredydd (d. 999?). See Maredudd ab Owain.
^ Meredydd ab Bleddyn, Prince of Powys (d. 1132).
^ Meredyth first Baron. See Sir William Meredyth Somerville.
^ Francis Meres (1565–1647), divine and author; M.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1591; incorporated at Oxford, 1593; rector and schoolmaster at Wing, 1602; author of Gods Arithmeticke 1597, Palladia Tamia 1598, and Wits Treasury 1598; translated works by Luis de Grenada.
^ John Meres or Meeres (1698–1761), printer and journalist; printer's apprentice, 1712; partner and manager with Richard Nutt: owner of the London Evening PostandDaily Post imprisoned, 1740, for remarks on an act of parliament; compiled a catalogue of English plays, 1713 (with continuation, 1715) and 1734.
^ Sir Thomas Meres (1635–1715), knighted, 166O; whig M.P., Lincoln, 1659-1710: commissioner of the admiralty, 1679-84; tried to pass a bill compelling foreigners in England to adopt the English liturgy, 1685.
^ Henry Alworth Merewether (1780–1864), serjeant-at-law; barrister, 1809: serjeant-at-law, 1827; D.C.L. Oxford, 1839; town clerk of London, 1842-69; Q.C., 1853: recorder of Heading; attorney-general to Adelaide, queen-dowager; chief work,History of Boroughs and Municipal Corporations 1835.
^ John Merewether (1797–1850), dean of Hereford; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1818; D.D., 1832; incumbent of New Radnor, 1828; dean of Hereford, 1832; deputy clerk of the closet to William IV, 1833: opposed election of Hampden to see of Hereford, 1847; 1836; assisted in the restoration of Hereford Cathedral.
^ Sir William Lockyer Merewether (1826-1880), Indian military officer and administrator; son of Henry Alworth Merewether; educated at Westminster School: entered Bombay army, 1841; did"himself during Sindb campaign, 1843; comrfttifronUer force, 1869; C.B., 1860: plit..-:il Aden. 18ft: commanded the piomx-r force in iS?* K.CAI 1868; chief commissioner in of the council of India, 1876.
^ George Meriton or Meryton (d. 1624), dean of York; graduated M.A. from St. John's College, 1588: fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1609: rector of Hadleigh, 1609: dean of Peterborough, 1612; chaplain to James's Queen; dean of York, 1617; published sermons.
^ George Meriton or Merriton (1634–1711), author; grandson of George Meriton (d. 1624); lawyer at Nortliallerton; went to Ireland, 1684; LL.D. of Dublin. 1700: published legal works and a curious poem In Praise ofYorkshire Ale 1683.
^ John Meriton (1636–1704), divine: sizar of St. John College, Cambridge; recommended by Cromwell to St. Nicholas Aooas, London, 1666; M.A. Cambridge, by royal mandate, 1660, and D.D., 1669; rector of St. Michael's, OornhiU, 1663; remained at his post during the plague, 1661: assisted in uniting and rebuilding churches after the fire, 1666: published devotional works.
^ Thomas Meriton (fl. 1668), dramatist : grandson of George Meriton (d. 1624): M.A. St John's College, Cambridge, 1669; published Love and War 1658, andThe Wandring Lover 1658, two tragedies.
^ Charles Merivale (1808–1893), dean of Ely : son of John Herman Merirale; of Harrow and St. John's College. Cambridge; M.A., 1833; B.D., 1840; rowed for university in first contest with Oxford at Henley, 1819: fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, 1833; rector of Lawfonl, Essex, 1848; chaplaiu to speaker of House of Commons (John Evelyn Denison), 1863-9; Hulsean lecturer, 1862; Boyle lecturer, 1864-5; dean of By, 1868; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, I860; published History of the Romans under the Empire 1850-64, and other liistorical writings, sermons, and lectures, besides numerous Latin poems including a translation of Keate's Hyf
^ Herman Merivale (1806–1874), under-secretory for India: *on of John Herman Merivale; was educated at Harrow and Oxford: B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1817; fellow of Balliol College, 1828; barrister, Inner Temple, 1832; professor of political economy at Oxford, 1837; assistant under-Hecretary of state for the colonies, 1847; permanent uuder-secretary, 1848; transferred to the India office and C.B., 1859; D.C.L. Oxford, 1870; principal works, Lectures on Colonisation 1841, Historical Studies 1866, and Life of Sir Henry Lawrence 1872.
^ John Herman Merivale (1779–1844), scholar and minor poet; grandson of Samuel Merivale q. v.J; of St. John's College, Cambridge: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1*4; practised in chancery aud bankruptcy; chancery commUiiioner. 1824; bankruptcy commissioner, 1831; published law reports and translations from Greek aud Italian poetry.
^ Samuel Merivale (1716–1771), presbyterian minister at Sleaford, 1737, and Tavistock, 1743; tutor at Kxeter Presbyterian Theological Seminary, 1761: published devotional work*.
^ Thomas Merke (d. 1409) bishop of Carlisle; at Oxford: D.D.; monk of Westminster; appointed bishop of Carlisle, 1397; ambassador to the German princes, 1397; present In parliament, 1397; commissioner for Oueen Isabella's dowry, 1398; accompanied Richard II to Ireland, 1399; protested against Henry IV's treatment of Richard; committed to the Tower of London, 1400; found guilty and deprived of his bUhopric; J -d conditional pardon, 1401; acted occasionally as to Wykeham; commission to perform episcopal ln the dlocese of Wincherdaitevicc; sided against the pope at Lucca, 1408. deputy to fonons
^ Daniel of Merlac (ft. 1170–1190). See Morley.
^ William Merle or Morley (d. 1347), meteorologist; rector of Driby, 1 331; kept systematic record of the weather for seveil years, preserved in Digby MS., Merton College, Oxford.
^ Merlin Ambrosius, or Myrddin Emrys, legendary enchanter and bard; brought before Vortigern as a chikl: foretold the king's deuth und the triumph of Aurelius Ambrosius: made ruler of the western part of Britain by Vortigem: advised Anrelius, as a memorial of his triumph, to send for the stones called Giants Dance from Ireland; defeated the Irish by his art, and the Dance was set up (Stonehenge). One legend represents Merlin to have gone to sea in a glass veel and disappeared. Welsh tradition recognises another Merlin, Merlin Silvester, or Myrddin Wyllt, who lived c. 670, was connected with the fatal battle of Arderydd, 573, and subsequently became insane and lived in the forest. The Merlin legend is common to Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, and Brittany. The popular French romance of Merlin by Robert de Borrou (thirteenth century), was founded on Geoffrey of Monmouth. Sir Thomas Malory borrowed much from Borrous Merlin in his Morte d'Arthur
^ Merlin Celidonius or Silvester. See Myrddin Wyllt.
^ Christopher Merret or Merrett (1614–1695), physician; M.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1643; P.R.O.P., 1651; Gulstonian lecturer, 1654; censor seven times between 1657 and 1670; first librarian at Royal College of Physicians, which was destroyed, 1666, and his services dispensed with; expelled from his fellowship for non-attendance, 1681; published works on natural history and medicine.
^ Walter Merrey (1723–1799), numismatist ; Nottingham manufacturer; published a history of English coinage, 1789.
^ James Merrick (1720–1769), poet and scholar; M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1742: fellow, 1745: ordained, but lived in college; published poems, including The Chameleon; translated from the Greek and advocated the compilation and amalgamation of indexes to the principal Greek authors; versified the Psalms, several editions of which were set to music.
^ Rice Merrick (d. 1587), historian of Glamorgan ; clerk of the peace; his history printed, 1825 and 1887.
^ Charles Watkins Merrifield (1827–1884), mathematician; entered the education department, 1847; barrister, 1861; P.R.S., 1863; held offices in the London Mathematical Society and the Royal Institution of Naval Architects; principal of Royal School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, 1867-73; served on royal commissions; wrote books and papers in periodicals on mathematics and hydraulics.
^ Brian Merriman (1757–1808), Irish poet; schoolmaster at Kilcleriu; wrote a poem, Midnight Court 1780; composed songs.
^ John Merriman (1774–1839), surgeon; first cousin to Samuel Merriman (1771-1852): M.R.O.S. and M.S.A.; general medical attendant on the Duchess of Kent; apothecary extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1837.
^ Nathaniel James Merriman (1810-1H82), bishop of Grahamstown, South Africa; educated at Wincheater College and Oxford; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1834; archdeacon of Grahamstown, 1848; undertook a Kaffir mission, 1850; one of Bishop Coleuso's accusers, 1863; bishop of Grahamstown, 1871; wrote on South Africa.
^ Samuel Merriman (1731–1818), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1753; settled in London, 1757; specialised in midwifery.
^ Samuel Merriman (1771–1852), physician; studied medicine under his uncle, Samuel Merriman (1731-1818); hon. M.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen; physician-accoucheur, Westminster General Dispensary, London, 1808-15, to Middlesex Hospital, London, 1809-26, where he lectured on midwifery, 1810-25; published medical works, some on obstetrics,
^ Thomas Merriot (1589–1668), grammarian : fellow of New College, oxfonl, 1610-24; H.C.L., 1015; vicar of Swalcliffe, 1624, win-re In- taught grammar: sequestered, 1646; published grammatical works in Latin.
^ Henry Merritt (1822–1877), picture-cleaner and art-critic; came to London, 1846; cleaned pictures for the National Portrait Gallery, London. Hampton Court, and Marlborough House; acquainted with Gladstone and Ruskin, with whom he corresponded; pulili.-lied Robert Dalby (autobiographical romance ). lsG5; art-critic to the Standard i860.
^ Robert Merry (1755–1798), dilettante: educated at Harrow; left Christ's College, Cambridge, without graduating; entered Lincoln's Inn; purchased a commission in the horse guards, which he sold on account of gambling debt*: settled at Florence, 1784; wrote for the Arno* aud Florence Miscellany 1785; member of the Delia Cruscan Academy: left for London, 1787; carried on a sentimental correspondence in verse in the * World with Mrs. Hannah Cowley, 1787: sympathised with the French revolution; visited Paris, 1789, 1791, and 1792: went to America, 1796, where his wife, Elizabeth Brunton, acted in the chief cities in the States; wrote several unsuccessful plays; died at Baltimore.
^ Dick Merryfellow (1723–1781). See Richard Gardiner.
^ Lord Mersington (1625?–1700). See Alexander Swinton.
^ Walter de Merton (rf. 1277), bishop of Rochester and founder of Merton College, Oxford; probably a pupil of Adam de Marisco, at Mauger Hall, Oxford; founded a hospital at Basingstoke in memory of his parents; protonotary of chancery; negotiated with the pope about the grant of Sicily to Edmund, the king's sou, 1258; chancellor, 1261-3; justiciar, 1271; again chancellor, 1272-4; bishop of Rochester, 1274. He obtained charters, 1261, 1263, 1264, 1270, 1274, to assign various manors for the support of scholars at Oxford who should form a corporate body under a warden.
^ Sir Audley Mervin or Mervyn (d. 1675), soldier, lawyer, and politician; acquired lands in Ulster: M.P., Tyrone, 1&40; lieutenant-colonel against the rebels, 1641; governor of Derry, 1644; taken prisoner by parliamentarians, 1648; co-operated against Sir Charles Coote, but afterwards withdrew from the royalist party, 1649; admitted of King's Inns at Dublin, 1658: assisted in the restoration of Charles II in Ireland: knighted, 1660: serjeant-afc-law in Ireland, 1660; commissioner of lands and for the settlement of Ireland, 1661; speaker of the Irish House of Commons, 1661-6.
^ Sir William Meryck (d. 1668). See Meyrick.
^ Charles Lewis Meryon (1783–1877), physician and biographer of Lady Hester Stanhope; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, St. John's College, Oxford, and St. Thomas's Hospital, London; M.A., 1809; M.D., 1817; accompanied Lady Hester Stanhope as medical attendant, 1810: revisited her in Syria; F.R.O.P., 1821; published Memoirs 1845, andTravels 1846, of Lady Hester Stanhope.
^ Richard Messing (d. 1462?). See Misyn.
^ William Meston (1688?–1745), burlesque poet; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and (1715) regent; govemor of Dunnottar Castle during Jacobite rising, 1715; schoolmaster at Elgin and Turriff; published The Knight of the Kirk (imitation of Hudibras), 1723.
^ John Metcalf (1717–1810), commonly known as Blind Jack of Knaresborough; became blind when six years old; distinguished athlete and dealer in horses; rode several races successfully; walked from Knaresborough to London and back; recruiting-serjeant, 1745; fought at Falkirk, 1746, and Culloden, 1746: set up a stage-coach between York and Knaresborough, 1754; a pioneer road-maker and bridge-builder; constructed about 180 miles of turnpike road; retired to a small farm, 1792.
^ Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, first Baron Metcalfe (.1785–1846), provisional governor-general of India: educated at Eton; appointed to a Bengal writersi.: P. iHuo: olitical agent tucceMively to general* Lake, Smith, and Dowdeswell; sent on a miMioii to Lahore 1808; resident of Delhi, 1811-20: developed the industrial* resources of Delhi territory; raiideiit of Hyderaba. i member of thesupreme council, 1827 provisional govi-rnorgeneral, 1835-0; O.C.B. ami lieutenant-governor of the North- west Province*, 1836-8; aa governor of Jamaica! 1839-42, smoothed matters between proprietors and negroes; governor-general of Canada, 1843-6, where hi* tact -.von tl.e wnu-nil.-levtiun, 1*4. for the government; created Baron Metcalfe, 1846; retired, 1846.
^ Frederick Metcalfe (1815-1885), Scandinavian scholar; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1838; fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1844-84; M.. published works on Norway, Sweden, and Iceland.
^ James Metcalfe (1817–1888), lieutenant-colonel, Indian army; natural son of Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, first baron Metcalfe; entered Bengal 1836: adjutant, 1839-46; aide-de-camp to the of Dalhousie, 1848-53; interpreter to Sir Colin during the mutiny; O.B., 1860.
^ Nicholas Metcalfe (1475?–1639), archdeacon of Rochester; B.A. Michaelhouse, Cambridge, 1494; D.D., 1507; archdeacon, 1515; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1516-37; opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine and royal supremacy in doctrinal matters; founded scholarships at Cambridge.
^ Robert Metcalfe (1590?–1652), fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow of St. John's College. Cambridge, 1606; regius professor of Hebrew, Cambridge, till 1648; fellow and vice-master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1648; benefactor of Beverley school.
^ Theophilus Metcalfe (fl. 1649) stenographer; teacher of shorthand; published stenographic system, 1635; on lines of Shelton's Tachygraphy (frequently reprinted and used by Isaac Watts).
^ Sir Theophilus John Metcalfe (1828–1883), joint-magistrate at Meerut: nephew of Charles Tbeophilus Metcalfe, first baron Metcalfe; entered Bengal civil service, 1848: joint-magistrate at Meerut and deputycollector at Futtepur, 1867; joined army before Delhi; C.B., 1864.
^ Eliza Meteyard (1816–1879), author; contributed to periodicals, published novels, Life of Josiah Wedgwood 1865-6, besides other works on Wedgwood's friends and ware.
^ William Ellis Metford (1824–1899), inventor ; apprenticed as engineer; employed on Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth railway, 1846-50; associate of Institution of Civil Engineers, 1856; held appointment on East India railway, 1857-8; an explosive rifle bullet invented by him adopted by government, 1863; the pioneer of substitution of shallow grooving and a hardened cylindrical bullet expanding into it for deep grooving and soft bulleta of lead; produced his first match rifle, 1866, and his first breechloading rifle, 1871. A rifle which combined the Metford bore with the bolt-action and detachable magazine invented by the American, James P. Lee, was selected for British use. 1888.
^ Sir William Methold (1660?-1620), chief baron of the exchequer in Ireland; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1681 (bencher, 1608); serjeant, 1611; chief baron of the exchequer in Ireland, 1612; privy councillor and knighted, 1612; lord chief-justice in Ireland and joint-keeper of the great seal, 1619.
^ William Methold (rf. 1653), nephew of Sir William Methold; entered East India Company, 1616: visited Golcouda, 1622; director, 1628; sent on a mission to Persia, 1633; deputy-governor of the East India Company, 1650; published travels.
^ John Methuen (1650?-1706), lord chancellor of Ireland: son of Paul Methuen (d. 1667); educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; barrister, Inner Temple; master in chancery, 1686; M.P., Devizes, 1690; envoy to Portugal, 1691: lord chancellor of Ireland, 1697; again sent to Portugal, 1702; ambassador extraordinary to Portugal, 1703: concluded Methuen Treaty (commercial treaty with Portugal X 1703; died at Lisbon; buried in Westminster Abbey.
^ Paul Methuen (fl. 1566), Scottish reformer: a Dundee baker; converted to protestantism: escaped bliclv ilnriiur the war, 1556: found irterlal oflkJ. 1559: nominal to Church, 1560; denoted and excommunicated for , IMS; fled to England; commanded by the asaany to repent pnWirly at Edinburgh, Dundee, and Jedburgh, 1M6; partly obeyed and returned to England.
^ Paul Methuen (rf. 1667), Bradford clothier: obtained spinners from Holland.
^ Sir Paul Methuen (1678–1757), diplomatist : son of John Methoeo (q. T.; entered diplomatic service, 1690; envoy to king of Portugal, 1697-1705; minister at Turin, 1704: ambassador to Portugal, 1706-8; M.P., Devizes, IToa-lO, Brackley, 1718-47; lord of the admiralty, 17141717 ambassador to Spain and Morocco and privy councillor, 17U: comptroller of the household, 1720: K.B., 17i*; retired, 17SO; collected pictures.
^ Methven, first BARON (1495 ?-1551 ?). See STEWART, Henry. r, LORD (1746-1801). METOWT M0N (1806-1889). ME ULAN, COUNTS OF. See BEAUMONT, ROBKRT DE, d. 1118; BKACMONT, WALERAN DR, 1104-1166.
^ Meuryg (fl. 1250). see Meyrig.
^ Othowell Meverall (1585–1648), physician; B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge; M.D. Leyden, 1613; F.R.C.P., 1618: censor for eight years, registrar, 1639-40, president, 1641-4; lecturer on anatomy, 1638; lecturer to the Barber-Surgeons, 1638; notes of his lectures still extant.
^ Peter Mews (1619-1706), bishop of Winchester: educated at Merchant Taylors School, London, and St. John's College, Oxford: M. A, 1645; served in the king's army, 1842; retired to Holland, 1648; acted as royalist agent: went to Scotland as secretary to Middleton, 1654; served in Flanders; rewarded at the Restoration; president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1667-73; vice-chancellor of Oxford University, 1669-73; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1672, of Winchester, 1684; opposed Monmouth at Bedgmoor, 1685: upheld the fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford, in their contention with James II, 1687; took the oaths to William and Mary. r, JOHN (d. 1456), archbishop of Armagh: official of the court of Meath; archbishop of Armagh, 1444; as deputy lord-lieutenant was unsuccessful in maintaining oner.
^ William Mey (d. 1560). See May.
^ Henry Meyer (1782?–1847), portrait-painter and engraver; nephew of John Hoppner; pupil of Bartolozzi; worked in mezzotint and painted portraits in oil and water colours; foundation member of the Society of British Artist*, 1824; president, 1828.
^ Jeremiah Meyer (1735-1789), miniature-painter; born at Tubingen: pupil of Zincke; his profile of George III nswi on the coinage, 1761; original director of Inrorporated Society of Artists; foundation member of Royal Academy.
^ Philip James Meyer (1782-1820), musician; born at Strasburg; improved the harp: visited England, 1778: returned to Paris, but finally settled in England, 1784; composer and teacher of the harp,
^ Charles Methell (1828–1882), Roman catholic divine: professor of metaphysics at St. Mary's College, Osoott; missioner of Caverswall, 1873; published coutrorenial works.
^ Sir Gelly Meyrick or Gilly (1556?–1601), conspirator; son of Rowland Meyrick: attended EMK to nothing, 1586; steward in Essex's household: nied him to Portugal, 1689, Normandy, 1591, and IW, where he wa knighted; with Essex in the :.I??5* li97 and ooompanied him to Ireland, J: defended Essex House, 1101; surrendered at Essex's bidding; hanged at Tyburn.
^ John Meyrick (1538–1599), bishop of Sodor and Man scholar of Winchester College, 1550; scholar, 1555, and fellow, 1557, of New College, Oxford; M.A., 1562; vicar of Hornchurch, 1570: bishop of Sodor and Man, 1575.
^ Sir John Meyrick (d. 1638), English ambassador to Russia: agent for the London Russia Company at Jaroslavl, 15St, and at Moscow, 1592: forwarded political intelligence from Russia, 1596-7: visited England, 1600; ambassador to the czar, 1602; secured protection for English merchants from successive Russian czars; reappointed ambassador and knighted, 1614; took part in peace negotiations between Russia and Sweden, 1615; obtained commercial treaty, 1623; governor of Russia Company, 1628.
^ Sir John Meyrick (d. 1659), parliamentarian general: grandson of Rowland Meyrick; fought under Essex in Flanders, 1620; served in the United Provinces, 1624, and Spain, 1G25; knighted; wounded before Maestricht, 1632; M.P., Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1640; president of the council of war; general of ordnance, 1643; after Lostwithiel fled with Essex to Plymouth, withdrew from public affairs, 1649.
^ Rowland Meyrick (1505–1566), bishop of Bangor; principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1534-6; D.C.L. Oxford, 1538; precentor of Llandewy-Velfrey, 1541; chancellor of Wells, 1547; canon and chancellor of St. David's, 1550; led the struggle between the chapter and Bishop Robert Ferrar; ejected from St. David's on his marriage, 1554; bishop of Bangor, 1559.
^ Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick (1783–1848), antiquary; M.A., 1810, D.C.L., 1811, Queen's College, Oxford; ecclesiastical and admiralty lawyer; F.S.A., 1810; consulted on the arrangement of the armour at the Tower of London and Windsor Castle, 1826; knighted, 1832; high sheriff of Herefordshire, 1834; principal works: a history of Cardiganshire, 1810, and of arms and armour, 1824, and an edition of Lewis Dwnn's Heraldic Visitations of Wales 1840.
^ Sir William Meyrick or Mericke (d. 1668), civilian; scholar of Winchester College, and fellow of New College, Oxford, 1616-26: D.C.L. New College, Oxford, 1627; advocate, 1628: judge of the prerogative court of Canterbury, 1641; joined the king; ejected, 1648; reinstated and knighted, 1660.
^ Meyrig or Meuryg (ft. 1250), treasurer of Llandaff: probably identical with the epigrammatist Maurice (fl. 1210); wrote various Welsh works (none traced), includingY Owtta Cyfarwydd(existing copy, c. 1446, possibly borrowed from an older manuscript).
^ Edward Miall (1809–1881), politician; independent minister at Leicester, 1834; established and edited the Nonconformist (weekly), 1841; endeavoured to amalgamate with the chartists, 1842; procured a conference on disestablishment in London, 1844, which founded theBritish Anti-State Church Association M.P., Rochdale, 1852-7; commissioner on education, 1868; M.P., Bradford, 1869-74; endeavoured to bring forward disestablishment, 1871 and 1872; retired from public life, 1874; published pamphlets on disestablishment.
^ Blaunpayn Michael (.fl. 1250), also called Michael the Cornishman and Michael the English, Latin poet; possibly studied at Oxford and Paris; traditionally dean of Utrecht; wrote a satirical Latin poem, c. 1250.
^ Sir John Michel (1804–1886), field-marshal; educated at Eton; entered the army, 1823; lieutenant, 1825; passed his examinations, 1832; major, 1840; lieutenant-colonel, 1842; served in the Kaffir wars, 1846-7 and 1852-1853 (medal and C.B.); brevet-colonel, 1854; chief of the staff of the Turkish contingent in the Crimean war (medals); sent to the Cape, 1856; transferred to China; wrecked and carried to Singapore, 1867; placed on the Bombay staff, 1858; major-general, 1868; defeated the rebels at Beorora, Mingrauli, and Sindwaha, 1858 (K.C.B. and medal); commanded at Sinhoand Pekin, 1860 (O.O.B. and medal); lieutenant-general, 18C6; general, 1874; Irish privy councillor and commander of the forces in Ireland, 1875-1880; field-marshal, 1886.
^ Sir Edward Michelborne (d. 1611?), adventurer; served in the Low Countries, 1591; M.P., Bramber, 1593; accompanied Essex on Islands voyage, 1597; served in Ireland and was knighted, 1599: subscriber to the East India Company, 1600; implicated in Essex's rebellion, 1001; sailed for the East, 1604, nominally to trade; returned, after plundering a Chinese ship, 1606.
^ Edward Michelborne (1565–1626), Latin poet ; of St. Mary nnd Gloucester Halls, Oxford; friend of Charles Fitzgeffrey and Thomas Campion, contributing to the works of both.
^ John Michelborne, Mitchelburn, or Michelburne (1647–1721), governor of Londonderry; served under Percy Kirke (16467-1691) at Tangier, 1680-3; acted as military governor during the siege of Londonderry after Governor Baker's death, 1689; sole governor after the relief, 1689: petitioned for arrears of pay, 1691 (paid, 1703); his sword and saddle preserved at Londonderry.
^ Charles Cornwallis Michell (1793–1851), lieutenant-colonel; entered array, 1809; distinguished himself in Peninsular war; lieutenant, 1813; captain, 1817; on the staff of Marshal Beresford in Lisbon; accompanied Beresford to the Brazils, 1820: master at Sandhurst, 1824, and Woolwich, 1825; major, 1826: superintendent of works at the Cape, 1828-48; assistant quartermaster-general during Kaffir war, 1833-4; lieutenant-colonel1841.
^ Edward Thomas Michell (1787–1841), brigadier-general; lieutenant, 1803; commanded artillery in Peninsular war; served in Holland, 1813-14; brevetmajor, 1814; lieutenant-colonel, 1838; C.B., 1838; British commissioner in Spain, 1839-40; sent as brigadier-general to Syria; present at Medjdel, 1841; died of fever at Jaffa.
^ Sir Francis Michell (fl. 1621), commissioner for enforcing monopolies; educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; secured reversion of clerk of the market, 1603; commissioner for enforcing gold and silver thread patents, 1618; knighted, 1620; tried for corruption; sentenced to degradation from knighthood and imprisoned, 1621; released immediately; subsequently petitioned for financial assistance.
^ Henry Michell (1714–1789), scholar ; fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1739; vicar of Brighton, 1744; assisted in development of Brighton; wrote on classical antiquities.
^ John Michell (1724–1793), astronomer ; fellow of QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1749-64; M.A., 1752: B.D., 1761; lectured on Hebrew, arithmetic, geometry, and Greek; F.R.S., 1760: Woodwardian professor of geology, 1762; rector of Thornhill, 1767; wrote on artificial magnets, 1750, earthquakes, 1760, longitude, 1767, and fixed stars, 1767; invented apparatus for weighing the earth with torsion-balance.
^ Matthew Michell or Mitchell (d. 1752), commodore; lieutenant, 1729; commanded the Gloucester, the only ship besides Anson's which doubled Cape Horn, 1740; commodore of a squadron off Flauders coast; M.P., Westbury, 1747.
^ Nicholas Michell (1807–1880), miscellaneous writer; encouraged by Campbell; author of poems and novels in prose and verse.
^ Richard Michell (1805–1877), first principal of Hertford College, Oxford; educated at Wadham College, Oxford: M.A., 1827; D.D., 1868; fellow of Lincoln College, 1830; first prtelector of logic, 1839; Bampton lecturer, 1849; public orator, 1849-77; vice-principal, 1848; principal, 1868, of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1848; agitated for its formation into a college; the Hall endowed with fellowships and scholarships by T. C. Baring, M.P., and called Hertford College, 1874.
^ William Julius Mickle (1735–1788), poet; owner of a brewery in Edinburgh, 1757; failed, 1763; corrector to Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1765-71; author of The Concubine 1767, and l Voltaire in the Shades 1770; translated the Lusiad of Camoens, 1775 (reprinted, 1778, 1798, and 1807); as secretary to George Johnstoue (1730-1787); sailed to Portugal, 1779; received 1 share of naval prizes; wrote the ballad Cumnor Hall; credited with the song 'There's na'e luck about the hoose'.
^ Sir John Micklethwaite (1612–1682), physician; studied at Leyden, Padua, and Oxford; physician at St. Bartholomews Hospital, London. 1653; F.R.C.P., 1643; Gulstonian lecturer, 1644; censor seven times; president, 1676-81; attended Charles II; knighted, 1681.
^ Samuel Middiman (1750–1881), engraver; engraved Shakespearean scenes for Boydell.
^ George Middlemore (d. 1860), lieutenant-general; entered the army, 1798; lieutenant, 1794; major, 1804; served at the Cape and in India, Egypt, and Portugal (Talayera medal): C.B., 1816; lieutenant-colonel, 1 1815; major-general, 1830; commanded in West Indict, 1 1830-5; governor of St. Helena, 1836; Napoleon's remains removed during his governorship; lieutenant-general, 1841.
^ Earls of Middlesex. See CRANFIELD, LIONEL, first EARL, 1575-1645; SACKVILLR, CHARLKS. first EARL of the second creation, 1638-1706.
^ Charles Middleton , second Earl of Middleton and titular Earl of Monmouth (1640?–1719), secretary of state to James II; eldest son of John Middleton, first earl of Middleton; accompanied his father abroad, 1653: envoy extraordinary at Vienna, 1660; privy councillor and joint-secretary of Scotland, 1682; privy i councillor and secretary of state for England, 1684; M.P., Winchelsea. 1686; endeavoured to induce James to abandon his fight and summon parliament, 1688; remained in England; apprehended, 1692; released; chief adviser of the exiled king at St. Germain; created Earl of Monmouth by James Edward the Old Pretender, 1701; became a Roman catholic, 1 703; responsible for the abortive expedition to Scotland, 1707; resigned office of secretary of state for England, 1713, and returned to St. Germain.
^ Charles Middleton , first Baron Barham (1726-1813), admiral; on convoy service; cruised in West 1 Indies, 1761; comptroller of the navy, 1778-90: created j baronet, 1781; M.P., Rochester, 1784: rear-admiral, 1787; i vice-admiral, 1793; admiral, 1795; lord commissioner of the admiralty, 1794; first lord of the admiralty, 1805, and 1 created Baron Barham, 1805.
^ Christopher Middleton (1560?-1628), translator and poet; translated Digby's Art of Swimming 1595; published works, including The Famous Historic of Chinon 1597, and The Legend of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 1600.
^ Christopher Middleton (d. 1770), naval commander and arctic voyager; employed by the Hudson's Bay Company, 1720; observed variation of magnetic needle, 1721; discovered how to obtain true time at sea with Hadley's quadrant, c. 1737; F.R.S., 1737; commander in the navy; set out to discover the north-west passage, 1741; arrived in Hudson's Bay too late in the season for discovery, 1741; examined the coast to the northward and entered a river inlet, 1742; returned to England, 1742; stationed off Scottish and Flemish coasts, 1746.
^ Conyers Middleton (1683–1750), divine ; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1707; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1706: known for his musical tastes; one of thirty fellows who petitioned against Bentley, the master of Trinity, 1710; D.D. on George I's visit to Cambridge, 1717; involved in a bitter dispute with Bentley about the fees, 1717; an action for a libel contained in 'The Present State of Trinity College 1719, brought against him by Bentley, a compromise resulting; Protobibliothecarius'of the university library, 1721: in Italy, 1724-5; published Letter from Rome 1729; Woodwardian professor, 1731-4: engaged in a controversy with Waterland on the historical accuracy of the bible, for which he was threatened with the loss of his degrees; published a Life of Cicero 1741, mainly plagiarised from William Bellenden (d. 1633 7): excited much criticism by his latitudinarian treatise on Miracles 1748.
^ David Middleton (d. 1615), merchant and seacaptain; younger brother of John and Sir Henry Middleton; joint-commander in a voyage to West Indies; made successful voyages to East Indies, 1604-6, of.M:i,l:ui:ir. 1614.
^ Erasmus Middleton (1739-1RO5), author; of St. Bdmund Hall, Oxford: expelled, 170H, for publicly prying and preaching: curau -in, Lc mdon; rector of
^ Henry Middleton (rf. 1587), printer ; probably on of William Mid.lletoi. ( H. 1641-1647): admitted of the Stationers' Company, 1667; partner with Thomas East, 1667-72; under-warden of the Stationers' Company, 1:, 7
^ Sir Henry Middliton (d. 1613), merchant and sea-captain: promoted captain during the first voyage of the Bant India Company, 1602: commanded the MOTtri voyage, 1604-6: knighted, 1606: commanded the tilth voyage, 1610-19: escaped from imprisonment at Mocha- attempted (1611-1$) to trade at Surat and Dabul: died in Java.
^ Sir Hugh Middleton (1560?–1631). See Myddleton.
^ Jane Middleton (1646–1692). See Myddleton.
^ John Middleton, first Earl of Middleton (1619-1674), pikeman in Hepburn's regiment in France; major in covenant army, 1639; lieutenant-general in parliamentary army: second in command at Pbiliphaugh, 164ft: negotiated Montrose's submission, 1646, suppressed royalist rising, 1647: as lieutenant-general of the Scottish cavalry distinguished himself at Preston, 1648: wounded and taken prisoner at Worcester, 1651; escaped from the Tower to Prance: captain-general of a highland force, dispersed by Monck, 1654; joined the king at Cologne: created an earl by Charles II, 1666 (the creation confirmed at the Restoration); commander-in-chief, governor of Edinburgh Castle, and lord high commissioner to the Scottish parliament, 1660: urged restoration of episcopacy in Scotland, 1661; accused of withholding letters from the king, consenting to measures without authority, and taking bribes, 1663: deprived of his offices; subsequently became governor of Tangier, where he died.
^ John Middleton (1827–1866), landscape-painter.
^ John Henry Middleton (1846–1896), archa?clogitt and architect; educated at Cheltenham College and Exeter College, Oxford; studied art and archaeology: travelled abroad; practised as architect at Westminster till 1885; F.S.A., 1879, vice-president, 1894; contributed to Encyclopaedia Britannica* (9th edit.); Slade profwaor of fine art at Cambridge, 1886; hon. M.A., 18M,aod Lit UD., 1892, Cambridge; M.A., 1887, and D.C.L., 1894, Oxford; director of Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 1889-92: art director at South Kensington Museum. London, 1892-6; published works on artistic and archjBological subjects.
^ Joshua Middleton (1647–1721), quaker; early joined the quakers and travelled as a minister.
^ Marmaduke Middleton (l. 1593), bishop of Waterford and St. David's; left Oxford without a degree; Obtained preferment in Ireland; bishop of Waterford, 1179; accused of plundering the cathedral, but acquitted; translated to St. David's. 1682; D.D. Oxford, 1583; fined by the Star-chamber, 1589, and handed over to the high commission court for degradation, which took place at Lambeth House.
^ Patrick Middleton (1662–1736), Scottish nonjuring divine; M.A. St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews 1680: summoned 1689, 1692, 1716, and 1717 for not praying for William III and George I; published theological works.
^ Richard Middleton (fl. 1280), Franciscan; B.D., 1283, and D.D., Paris; one of the fifteen chief doctors of his order; wrote works of theology and canon law.
^ Richard Middleton (d. 1641), divine; B.A., Jesus College, Oxford, 1586: prebendary of Brecon 400; archdeacon of Cardigan, 1589-1629; published theological works.
^ Thomas Middleton (1570?–1627), dramatist : -nt.-rc.l at Gray's Inn, 1593; became connected with the stage, 1592: collaborated with Dekker, Rowley, Munday, Drayton, Webster, and others; turned his attention to satirical comedies of contemporary manners, 1607-8; wrote pageants and masques for city ceremonials: city chronologer, 1620; wrote a political drama, l A Game nt Chess 1624, for which he and the players wore censored on the representations of the Spanish ambassador. His plays (which were very popular) includeThe Old Law 1666 (in collaboration with Massinger and Rowley): Michaelmas Terme 1607, A Trick to catch the Old-One 1608The Familie of Love 1608,A Mad World, my Masters 1608,The Roaring Girle 1611 (with Dekker), 'A Faire Quarrell 1617 (with Rowley),More Dissemblers besides Women 1667,A Game at Chess ICLM, 'A ClmstMaydin Cheape-side 1630,No Wit, no Help like a Woman's 16&7, Women beware Women,* 1657; 'The Witch(not published until 1778),Anything for a Quiet Life 1662,The Widdow 1652 (with Ben Jonson and Fletcher). His pageants and masques include 'The Triumphs of Truth 1613, Civitatis Amor 1616, The Tryumphs of Honor and Industry 1617, The Inner Temple Masque 1619 The Triumphs of Love and Antiquity 1619,The World Tost at Tennis 1620,The Triumphs of Honor and Virtue," 1622, The Triumphs of Integrity 1623, The Triumphs of Health and Prosperity 1626. He is supposed to have also written some miscellaneous verse and prose.
^ Sir Thomas Middleton (1550–1631). See Myddleton.
^ Sir Thomas Middleton (1586–1666). See Myddleton.
^ Thomas Fanshaw Middleton (1769–1822), bishop of Calcutta: of Christ's Hospital and Pembroke College, Cambridge; M.A, 1795: D.D., 1808: curate of Gainsborough, 1792: editedThe Country Spectator 1792-3; rector of Tansor, 1795, of Bytham, 1802; prebendary of Lincoln, 1809: editedBritish Critic 1811; F.R.S., 1814; bishop of Calcutta, 1814; organised schools, 1815, and established the Bishop's Mission College, Calcutta, 1820; died at Calcutta.
^ William of Middleton (rf. 1261). See Meliton.
^ William Middleton or Myddylton (fl. 1541-1547), printer; succeeded to Pynson and Redman's press; printed legal, medical, and other learned works.
^ William Middleton (rf. 1613), protestant controversialist; of Queens College, Cambridge: B.A., 1571; fellow, 1572-90; denied Cambridge M.A.; M.A. Oxford; deprived of fellowship for not taking his M.A.; restored by Lord Burghley, chancellor of Cambridge University; incorporated M.A. Cambridge, 1576; B.D., 1582; elected master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in place of John Jegon, who was subsequently restored; published defence of protestantism, 1606.
^ William Middleton (1556?–1621). See Myddelton.
^ Robert Midgley (1653–1723), alleged author of the Turkish Spy; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1673; M.D. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1687; candidate of the College of Physicians, 1687: licenser of the press, 1686: remembered chiefly as theeditor of Letters writ by a Turkish Spy 1687-93 (probably written in French by a Genoese, Giovanni Paolo Marana, translated by Bradshaw and edited by Midgley).
^ Midleton first VISCOUNT (1660?-1728). See Alan Brodrick.
^ Midnight (MARY). Pseudonym of John Newbery and Christopher Smart.
^ Guy Miege (1044–1718?), miscellaneous writer ; native of Lausanne; came to London, 1661: undersecretary to Charles Howard, first earl of Carlisle; ambassador extraordinary to Russia, Sweden, and Denmark, 1663; published account of the embassy, 1669; beet-known work, the New State of England 1691, Scotland and Ireland being subsequently added; published also French and English dictionaries and grammars.
^ John Miers (1789–1879), engineer and botanist; accompanied Lord Cochrane to Chile, 1818; made collections of birds, insects, and plants; settled in London, 1836; F.L.S., 1839; F.R.S., 1K43; published Travels in Chile and La Plata 1825, and botanical works.
^ Mark Milbanke (1725?-18()5, admiral : entered navy, 1737; lieutenant, 1744; promoted to command the Serpent, 1746; commissioner to Morocco, 1759; miradmiral of the white, 1779; sat on the court-martial of Admiral Keppel; vice-admiral of the blue, 1780; portadmiral at Plymouth, 17H3-6; commander-in-chiuf in Newfoundland, 1790-2; admiral, 1793; commauder-inchief at Portsmouth, 1799-1803.
^ John Milbourn(fl. 1773–1790), portrait painter ; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1772-4.
^ Luke Milbourne (1622–1668), ejected nonconformist divine; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1646; perpetual curate of Houiley; royalist; in retirement at Kenilworth, 1645-60: ejected, 1668: schoolmaster at Coventry; compelled to leave by the Five Mile Act, 166B.
^ Luke Milbourne (1649–1720), poet ; son of Luke Milbourne (1622-1668); of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; held chaplaincies at Hamburg, Rotterdam, and Harwich; rector of St. Ethelburga's, London, 1704; supported Dr. Sacheverell; attempted an English rendering of Virgil; chiefly remembered by his subsequent strictures on Drydeu's translations of Virgil, and the retaliation made by Dryden and Pope.
^ Milburg, Mildburga or Mildburh (d. 722?), saint and abbess; reputed miracle- worker; built nunnery at Winwick or Wenlock, 680, restored by the Earl of Shrewsbury, 1080; her day 23 Feb.
^ Sir Anthony Mildmay (d. 1617), ambassador ; son of Sir Walter Mildmay; was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge; entered at Gray's Inn, 1579; knighted, 1596; ambassador to Henry IV of France, 1596-7.
^ Sir Henry Mildmay (d. 1664?), master of the king's jewel-house; knighted, 1617; master of the king's jewel-house, 1620; M.P., Maldon, 1620, Westbury, 1624, Maldon again, 1625-60: attended Charles I to Scotland, 1639; deserted the king, 1641; revenue commissioner, 1645-52; left as hostage in Scotland, 1646; present at Charles I's trial; member of state councils, 1649-62; attempted escape when called on to account for the king's jewels, 1660; degraded and sentenced to imprisonment for life; warrant issued for his transportation to Tangier, 1664; died at Antwerp on the way.
^ Sir Walter Mildmay (1520?–1589), chancellor of the exchequer and founder of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; entered Gray's Inn, 1546; surveyor-general of the court of augmentation, 1545; knighted, and appointed revenue commissioner, 1547; examiner of the mint accounts, 1550; M.P., Maldon, 1563, Peterborough, 1553, Northamptonshire, 1557-89; after Elizabeth's accession directed the issue of a new coinage, 1560; chancellor of the exchequer and auditor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1566; a commissioner at the trial of Mary Queen of Scots, 1586; founded Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1585; benefactor of Christ's Hospital, London, Christ's College, Cambridge, and other educational institutions.
^ Mildred or Mildryth (d. 700?), saint and abbess; sister of Milburg; instructed in ecclesiastical learning at Chelles, near Paris; being persecuted by the abbess, escaped to England and succeeded her mother as abbess of Minster, St. Augustine's, and St. Gregory's, Canterbury. The two latter houses claimed possession of her body.
^ Miles de Gloucester, Earl of Hereford (d. 1143). See Gloucester.
^ Charles Popham Miles (1810–1891), divine ; son of William Augustus Miles; midshipman in the navy; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1851: chaplain of the SailorsHome, London Docks, 1838; principal of Malta Proi.-tant College, 1858-67; rector of Monk weanuouth, 1HC.7 S3; edited his faondence and ptibli-i.i-l n -lit; ions treatise*,
^ Edward Miles (d. 1798), miniature-painter; copied some of Reynolds pictures; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1776-97.
^ George Francis Miles, known as Frank (1852-1891), painter; known for a series of pretty female heads; student of Japanese art and botany.
^ Henry Miles (1698–1763), dissenting minister and scientific writer; F.R.S., 1743; communicated scientific papers to Philosophical Transactions, 1741-63.
^ John Miles (1621–1684). See Myles.
^ Mrs Sibella Elizabeth Miles (1800–1882), poetess; nee Hatfield; kept boarding-school at Penzance: married Alfred Miles, 1833; published poems and prose works.
^ William Miles (d. 1860), major-general, Indian army; entered army, 1799; lieutenant, 1800; captain, 1815; concluded treaty with rajah of Rodanpur, 1820; major, 1821; lieutenant-colonel, 1824; captured Mergui; concluded treaty with Suigam chiefs, 1826; political resident at Pallampur, 1829; brevet-colonel, 1829; translated oriental works.
^ William Augustus Miles (1763?–1817), political writer; held appointment in ordnance office, 1770; served under Rodney in West Indies; prisoner of war in St. Lucia; settled at Seraing, near Liege, 1783; corresponded with Pitt; met all the leading French politicians at Paris, 1790: pensioned, 1791; suggested a Suez canal, 1791; author of political tracts and two comic operas; published pamphlet on the then Prince of Wales's debts, 1795, which went through thirteen editions; died at Paris, where he was collecting materials for a history of the French revolution.
^ John Miley (1805?–1861), Roman catholic divine ; educated at Maynooth and Rome; D.D.: endeavoured to reconcile the young Ireland party and Daniel O'Oonnell , 1846; accompanied O'Counell to Italy, 1847; rector of the Irish College, Paris, 1849-59; vicar of Bray, 1859; wrote on ecclesiastical history.
^ Henry Mill (1683?–1771), engineer: engineer to the New River Company, 1720; carried out Houghton Hall water supply; possibly invented a type-writer, 1714.
^ Humphrey Mill or Mille (fl. 1646), verse-writer.
^ James Mill (fl. 1744), Indian colonel; captain and second in command of the East India Company's military in Bengal, 1743; submitted project for the conquest of India to Francis, duke of Lorraine, 1744.
^ James Mill (1773–1836), utilitarian philosopher: educated at Edinburgh by Sir John Stuart of Fettercairn; licensed to preach, 1798; came to London, 1802; became editor of the Literary Journal 1803, and the St. James's Chronicle 1805: wrote for the Edinburgh Review," 18081818; met Benthain, 1808; promulgate* of Benthamism in England; supported his family by writing, at the same time working at his history of India; abandoned theology after his acquaintance with Beutham; took active part in Bell and Lancaster educational controversy, supporting the Lancasterian institution; formed an association to set up a Chrestomathic school for superior education on the same lines, 1814, the outcome being the formation of the London University, 1826: published History of India," 1818; assistant to the examiner of India correspondence, 1819; second assistant, 1821; assistant-examiner, 1823; examiner, 1830: encouraged Ricardo to publish his political economy; took part in meetings at Ricardo's house, which resulted in the Political Economy Club founded 1820: contributed utilitarian articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica 1816-23, and to the 4 Westminster Review started (1824) as the official Benthamite organ; wrote in the London Review 1836. He published an essay on the export of grain, 1804, Commerce Defended 1808, History of India 1818, Elements of Political Economy 1821, Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind 182U v and Fragment on Mackintosh 1835.
^ John Mill (1646–1707), principal of St Edmund HauToxford: M.A. Queen (Allege, Oxford, 1669; D.D., SSl- speaker of theOratto Panegyricaat the open of tfaftSheklonian Theatre, 1669; prebendary of Exeter, rector of Bletchington and chaplain to Charles II, llsi: elected principal of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1685;
^ [John Stuart Mill (1806-1878), philosopher; son of James Mill (1778-1886): educated entirely by his father before he was fourteen had studied classical literature. logic, political economy, history, general literaSeTand BSthSoatics; visited France, 1820; junior clerk In the India House. 1823; formal the Utilitarian Dootetj. which met to read essays and discuss them, 1818-6: edited Bentham's Treatise upon Evidence 1825; Mtitttid in the formation of the Speculative Society, 1826; visited Paris, 1880; contributed to the London Review started (1836) a* an organ of philosophical radicalism; was its proprietor, 1837-40; published hisLogic 1843, and Political Economy 1848; retired with a pension on the dissolution of theEast India Company, 1858; M.P., Westminster, 1866-8: a follower of William Ewart Gladstone: rector of St. Andrews University, 1866: returned to literary pursuits, 1868. His works, devoted to the humanising and widening of utilitarian teaching, include A System of Logic 1848, essays onPolitical Economy 1844 Principles of Political Economy 1848, On Liberty 1869. Thoughts on Parliamentary Reform 1859, Representative Government 1861,Utilitarianism 1863,Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy 1866, August* Oomte and Positivism 1865, The Subjection of Women 1869, Chapters and Speeches on the Irish Land Question 1870, Autobiography 1873, and Three Essays on Religion posthumously published, 1874.
^ Walter Mill (d. 1558). See Mylne.
^ William Hodge Mill (1792–1853), orientalist; rixth wrangler, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1813; fellow, 1814; MA., 1816; first principal of Bishop's College, Calcutta, 1820; vice-president, Bengal Asiatic Society, 1888-7; regius professor of Hebrew at Cambridge, with canonry at Ely, 1848; chief work, Christa-Sangita (the Gospel-story in Sanskrit).
^ Sir John Everett Millais (1829 - 1896), painter, and president of Royal Academy; a native of Southampton; lived during various periods of early life In Jersey and Brittany; came to London, 1838: studied art under Henry Bass; entered Royal Academy school*, 1840, and obtained gold medal for painting The Young Men of Benjamin seizing their Brides 1846: first exhibited at Royal Academy Pizarro seizing the Inca of Pen 1846: originated (1848), with Mr. Holman Hunt, the pre-Raphaelite movement, soon joined by Dante Gabriel Rouetti, who exerted influence on some of MUlais's subsequent work; bis most successful pre-Raphaelite picture,Isabella 1849; great hostility aroused by his Christ in the House of his Parents 1850, owing to the unconventional treatment of a scene in the life of the Holy Family; among the most notable of his works at this period areThe Return of the Dove to the Ark and Mariana of the Moated Grange 1861,The Huguenot and Ophelia 1852, The Proscribed Royalist and The Order of Release 1853; A.R.A., 1853; married, 1865, Euphemia Chalmers, daughter of George Gray, who had obtained a decree of the nullity of her marriage with Ruskin: exhibitedAutumn Leavesand concluded 1866, Sir Isumbras at the Fordand The Escape of a Heretic 1857, Apple Blossomsand The Vale of Rest 1859; deviated from the pre-Raphaele manner in hisBlack Brunswicker 1860; R.A., ite ; exhibited 'The Eve of St. Agnes,' 1863, 'Jephthah 1867, Rosalind and Oelia 1868,The Boyhood of , tool, nvpoiiuu MM ieuu, ioc, me uoynooa or &bThe Knight Errant 1870, andVictory, O I? Ohill October (his first exhibited pure landscape), 1871; after 1870 devoted himself mainly to portrait and landscape, and to single figures of children and pretty "NSiSP 6 1 exbibitel . A Yeoman of the i, 1877,The Princes In the Tower,* 1878, andThe Elizabeth 1879: painted bin own portrait for ths tflUi Gallery, Florence, 1880; created baronet, 1885; the last subject picture exhibited by him, The Forerunner: P.R.A, 1896.
^ Andrew Millar (fl. 1503–1508). See Androw Myllar.
^ Andrew Millar (1707–1768), publisher; published Johnson's Dictionary Thomson'sSeasons Fielding's vorks, and the histories of Robertson and Hume.
^ James Millar (1762–1827), physician and miscellaneous writer; educated at Glasgow: M.D. and F.R.C.P. Edinburgh; chaplain to Glasgow University; edited the fourth and part of the fifth editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1810-17, also the Encyclopaedia Edinensis 1827.
^ John Millar (1735–1801), professor of law; educated under Adam Smith at Glasgow; intimate with James Watt; an advocate, 1760; professor of law at Glasgow, 1761; lectured on civil law, jurisprudence, Scottish and English law; member of the Literary Society; sympathised with the French revolution, and opposed the slave trade; published The Origin of the Distinction of Ranks 1771, and Historical View of the English Government 1787.
^ John Millar (1733–1805), medical writer ; M.D. Edinburgh; physician, Westminster General Dispensary, London, 1774; published medical works.
^ William Millar (d. 1838), lieutenant-general ; colonel commandant, royal artillery; son of John Millar (1735-1801); second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1781; first lieutenant, 1787; captain lieutenant, 1794; captain, 1799; major, 1806; lieutenant-colonel, 1806; colonel, 1814; major-general, 1831; colonel commandant, 1834; lieutenant-general. 1837; originated the 10-inch and 8-inch shell-guns; inspector-general of artillery, 1827; director-general of the field-train department, 1833.
^ Andrew Miller (d. 1763), mezzotint-engraver, mainly of portraits.
^ Anna Miller , Lny (1741–1781), verse- writer ; nie Riggs; married John Miller of Ballicasey, 1765: travelled in Italy, 1770-1, publishing an account; her husband created an Irish baronet, 1778; instituted a literary salon at Batheastou, at which each guest was invited to contribute an original poem; four volumes of the compositions published.
^ Edward Miller (1731–1807), organist and historian of Doncaster; trained by Dr. Burney at King's Lynn; organist of Doncaster, 1756-1807; created Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1786; set the psalms to music, 1774: published Thorough Bass and Composition 1787, History and Antiquities of Doncaster 1804; taught Francis Linley.
^ George Miller (1764 - 1848), divine; MA. Trinity College, Dublin, 1789; fellow, 1789; D.D., 1799; assistant-professor of modern history, Dublin, 1799-1803; head-master of the royal school, Armagh, 1817; as vicargeneral of the diocese of Armagh (1843) settled important points in law of marriage and divorce: member of the Royal Irish Academy; published two pamphlets on the Athanasian creed, 1825 and 1826, besides sermons and miscellanea; Newman's Tract XC partly elicited by his Letter to Pusey, 1840.
^ Hugh Miller (1802–1856), man of letters and geologist; stonemason by trade; accountant in the Commercial Bank at Cromarty, 1834; contributed to Mackay Wilson's Tales of the Borders; became editor of the Witness 1840. the uon-intrusionistsorgan; his Old Red Sandstone(published serially in the Witness) republished, 1841; ckief works, Footprints of the Creator 1847,My Schools and Schoolmasters 1852, andThe Testimony of the Rocks published, 1857.
^ James Miller (1706–1744), playwright ; of Wadham College, Oxford: lecturer at Trinity Chapel, Conduit Street, London; took to dramatic writing to enlarge his iucorna; but by his supposed representation of the keepers of Temple coffee-house caused the templars to ruin his subsequent pieces; his principal plays, Humours of Oxford 1730, The Man of Taste 1785 (an adaptation of Molicrc, to be distinguished from a like-named piece attacking Pope), Universal Passion, 1 1737, -The Coffeehouse 1737, andMahomet the Impostor 1744.
^ James Miller (1812–1884), surgeon; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; L.R.O.8., 1832; assistant to Robert Listen. 1842; surgeon in ordinary to Queen Victoria, 1848; published surgical works.
^ John Miller (fl. 1780), architect: studied in Italy; practised in London; published books on architecture, with designs,
^ John Miller , otherwise Johann Sebastian Müller (1716?–1790?), draughtsman and engraver; born at Nuremberg; came to England, 1744; published Illustration of the Sexual System in Plant* 1777 (arranged according to the system of Dr. Linnaeus); also executed other plates, including those for Lord Bute's Botanical Tables 1786.
^ John Gale Miller (1814–1880), evangelical divine; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1838; D.D., 1857: curate of Park Chapel, Chelsea; incumbent of St. Martin's, Birmingham, 1846; most successful among the working classes; canon of Rochester, 1873; published theological works. The Miller Hospital of Greenwich was opened (1884) as a memorial to him.
^ John Frederick Miller ( fi. 1785), draughtsman; son of John Miller (1715 ? - 1790 V); accompanied Sir Joseph Banks to Ireland, 1772; published Various Subjects of Natural History 1785.
^ Joseph Miller or Josias, commonly called Joe (1684–1738), actor and reputed humorist; joined Drury Lane Company, 1709; a prominent member of the company: temporarily engaged at Goodman's Fields, London, 1731; returned to Drury Lane, London, 1732; described as a natural spirited comedian. After his death a collection of jests by John Mottley was published, unwarrantably entitledJoe Miller's Jests 1739, which became a standard book.
^ Josiah Miller (1832–1880), hymnologist ; M.A. London, 1865; independent minister and missionary secretary; wrote biographical sketches of hymn-writers and hymns.
^ Mrs Lydia Falconer Miller (1811?–1876), authoress: nie Fraser; married Hugh Miller, 1837; assisted him in the management of the Witness and edited his works after his death; published stories for the young under the pseudonym of Harriet Myrtle.
^ Patrick Miller (1731–1816), projector of steam navigation; brother of Sir Thomas Miller; Edinburgh merchant, 1760; a director of the Bank of Scotland, 1767; deputy-governor, 1790; shareholder in Oarron Iron Company; purchased estate of Dalswiuton, 1785; devoted himself to agricultural improvements and shipbuilding experiments; his first idea, a ship with two or three hulls propelled by paddle-wheels placed between the hulls and worked by men from capstans on deck; subsequently experimented with a double boat fitted with steam engine made by Symington, 1788 and 1789; lost heart at not meeting with James Watt's approval; introduced florin grass into Scotland, 1810; numbered among his friends Burns and the Nasmyths.
^ Philip Miller (1691–1771), gardener; began business as a florist; appointed gardener of the Chelsea Botanical Garden on Sir Hans Sloane's recommendation, 1722; discovered the method of flowering bulbous plants in bottles filled with water, 1730; visited Holland between 1723 and 1730; experimented in fertilisation, 1761: grew rare plants; chief works, The Gardener's and Florist's Dictionary 1724 (translated into German, Dutch, and French),Gardener's Kaleudar 1732, andMethod of cultivating Madder 1768.
^ Ralph Willett Miller (1762–1799), nava captain; born in New York; came to England and enteret the navy; promoted lieutenant by Rodney, 1781; posted to command the Mignonue, 1796; became flag-captain to Nelson, 1796: with Nelson at Cape St. Vincent (1797) and the Nile (1798); served under Sir Sidney Smith off the coast of Egypt and Syria: killed during the St. Jean d'Acre by the accidental bunting of st
^ Sir Thomas Miller, Lord Glenlee, first baronet (1717-1789), lord-president of the College of Jostlce; educated at Glasgow University; advocate, 1742; solicitor of the excise In Scotland, 1765; solicitor-general, 769; lord advocate, 1760; M.P., Dumfries, 1781; rector of Glasgow University, 1762; lord justice clerk, 1766, as Lord Glenlee; lord president of the College of Justice, 788; created baronet, 1789.
^ Thomas Miller (1731–1804), bookseller ; brother of Edward Miller; combined grocery and bookselling, 1766; formed collections which comprised a nearly complete series of Roman and English silver and brass coins.
^ Thomas Miller (1807–1874), poet and novelist ; apprenticed to a basket-maker; encouraged by Thomas Bailey to publish Songs of the Sea Nymphs 1812; bookseller in London, 1841: noticed by W. H. Harrison: granted a pension by Disraeli; published novels, poems, and children's books.
^ William Miller (1710?-1810?), painter; exhibited at the Society of Artiste, 1780-3, and the Royal Academy, 1788-1803.
^ William Miller (d. 1815), lieutenant-colonel: second son of Sir William Miller, lord Glenlee; mortally wounded at Quatre-Bras; referred to by Scott.
^ William Miller (1769–1844), publisher; son of Thomas Miller (1731-1804); placed in Hookham's publishing house, 1787; commenced publishing on his own account, 1790; succeeded by John Murray, 1812; Fox's James II and Scott's edition of Dryden among bis publications.
^ Sir William Miller, Lord Glenlee, second baronet (1755-1846), Scottish judge; sou of Sir Thomas Miller, lord Gleulee; advocate, 1777; principal clerk in the high court of justiciary; M.I, Edinburgh, 1780; unseated, 1781; succeeded to baronetcy, 1789; lord of session as Lord Glenlee, 1795-1840.
^ William Miller (1795-1861), general in Peruvian army; assistant-commissary in (British) royal artillery, 1811; served in the Peninsula and North America: went out to La Plata and repeatedly distinguished himself in Chili and Peru; governor of Potosi, 1826; became grand marshal; left Chili owing to political changes, 1839; British consul-general in the Pacific, 1843; died at Calluo.
^ William Miller (1810–1872), Scottish poet ; contributed to Whistle Binkie 1832-53; wrote Wee Willie Winkie and other nursery lyrics.
^ William Miller (1796–1882), line-engraver ; educated in England and Edinburgh; landscape-engraver in Edinburgh, 1821; acquired fame as an interpreter of the works of Turner; engraved plates after Clarkxm, Stanfield, and other artists.
^ William Allen Miller (1817��1870), chemist : studied at Birmingham General Hospital and King's College, London: worked in Llebig's laboratory, 1840; chemical demonstrator, King's College, London: M.D. London, 1842; professor of chemistry at King's College, London, 1845: F.R.S., 1846: experimented In spectrum analysis, on which he read papers at the British Association, 1845 and 1861; with Dr. (Sir William) Huggius investigated the spectra of heavenly bodies and procured the first trustworthy information on stellar chemistry, 1862; assayer to the mint and Bank of England: LL.D. Edinburgh, 1860; D.O.L. Oxford, 1868; LL.D. Cambridge, 1869; publishedElements of Chemistry 1855-7.
^ William Hallowes Miller (1801–1880), mineralogist; of St John's College, Cambridge; fifth wrangler, 1826; fellow, 1829; M.D., 1841: professor of mineralogy, 1832-70: developed system of crystallography adapted to mathematical calculation, 1838; commissioner for standard weights and measures: member of the international commission, 1870; LL.D. Dublin, 1866: D.C.L. Oxford, 1878; foreign secretary, Royal Society, 1866-T3; royul medallist, 1870; published scientific works.
^ William Henry Miller (1789-1848), book collector; M.P., Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1880-7; formed a library at BritwHl Court, unn vailed among private col it* examples of early English awl Sootti-1
^ Isaac Milles, the elder (1638-1720), divine; of St John's College, Cambridge; vicar of Chipping Wycombe, 1674, of Highclere, 1680; taught the sons of Thomas Herbert, eighth earl of Pembroke.
^ Isaac Milles, the younger (fl. 1701–1727), son of Isaac Milles the elder; B.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1696; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1701; of the diooese of Waterford, 1714; prebendary 1716.
^ Jeremiah Milles (1675–1746), son of Isaac Milles the elder; fellow and tutor of Balliol College, Oxford, ltt*-170; rector of Duloe, 1704-46.
^ Jeremiah Milles (1714-1784), antiquary; son of Jeremiah Milles (1676-1746); of Eton and Corpus Cbristi College, Oxford; M.A., 1736; D.D., 1747; travelled through Europe, 1733-7; treasurer of Lismore, 1735-45; precentor of Waterford, 1737-44: F.S.A., 1741; F.R.S., 1742: member of the Egyptian Club; son-in-law of Archbishop Potter: precentor and prebendary of Exeter, 1747, dean, 1762; PJB.A., 1768; collected materials for a history of Devonshire; maintained the antiquity of Chatterton's Rowley poems; his library sold, 1843.
^ Thomas Milles (d. 1627?), customer of Sandwich: bailiff of Sandwich, 1679: accompanied Randolph on his mission to Edinburgh, 1586; customer of Sandwich, 1587; sent to Brittany to report on the forces there, 1591; Prize commissioner at Plymouth, 1596; secretary to Lord Cobbam, lord warden of the Cinque ports, 1598; obtained reversion of keepership of Rochester Castle, 1598; wrote books on economics in support of the staple system; edited the manuscripts of his brother-in-law, Robert Glover, Somerset herald.
^ Thomas Milles (1671–1740), bishop of Waterford and Lismore; eldest son of Isaac Milles (1638-1720): M.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1695; B.D., 1704; chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford, 1694; vice-principal of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1695-1707: regius professor of Greek, 1707; bishop of Waterford and Lismore, 1708; published tracts and sermons and edited the works of St. Cyril of Jerusalem, 1703.
^ Robert Millhouse (1788–1839), weaver and poet; wrote his first verses, 1810; received grant from the Royal Literary Fund, 1822; assistant at a savings bank, 1832; published poems.
^ William Milligan (1821–1893), Scottish divine ; M.A. St. Andrews, 1839; ordained minister of Cameron, Fifeshire, aud of Kilconquhar, 1850; first professor of biblical criticism, Aberdeen University, 1860-93; member of company formed for revision of English New Testament, 1870; moderator of general assembly, 1882; principal clerk of general assembly, 1886: took prominent part in formation of Scottish Church Society, 1892 (first president); published theological and other writings, including article on Epistle to Ephesians in Encyclopaedia Britannica 1879.
^ Richard Alfred Milliken or Millikin (1767-1815), poet: admitted attorney; volunteered on the outbreak of the Irish rebellion: chiefly remembered for The Groves of Blarney aud other lyrics, sung by the elder Charles Mathews on the stage.
^ James Millingen (1774–1846), archaeologist; brother of John Gideon Millingen; educated at Westminster School; banker's clerk, 1790; obtained past in French mint; arrested as a British subject, 1792; partner in Sir Robert Smith & Co., 1794; resided in Italy; 1 "t pension; F.S.A. and member of many learned societiesin Europe; compiled valuable works on coins, medals, Etruscan vases, and kindred subjects in English, French, and Italian; died in Florence.
^ John Gideon Millingen (1782-862) physician and writer, brother of James Millingen; obtained a medical degree in Paris; assistant-surgeon in the army, 1802; served in the Peninsular campaigns and at Waterloo (medal) and the surrender of Paris; retired, 1823; physician to the military asylum at Chatham and Hanwell, 1837; published medical and other works.
^ Julius Michael Millingen (1800–1878), physician and writer; son of James Millingen; studied at Rome aud Edinburgh, 1817; M.R.C.S. Edinburgh, 1821; went to Corfu, 1823; attended Byron in his last illness; surgeon in Greek army, 1824; settled in Constantinople, 1827; court physician to five successive sultans; Instrumental in introducing Turkish baths into England; discovered ruins of Aczani and excavated site of temple of Jupiter Urius on the Bosphorus; published memoirs; died in Constantinople.
^ Gilbert Millington (d. 1666), regicide ; member of Lincoln's Inn, 1614; M.P., Nottingham, in Long parliament; deputy-lieutenant for Nottingham, 1642; agent of communication between the governor, John Hutcbinson (1615-1664),and parliament; energetic at Charles I's trial; signed the king's death-warrant, 1649; condemned to death, 1660; his sentence commuted to life imprisonment; died in Jersey.
^ James Heath Millington (d. 1873), painter ; curator of the Royal Academy School of Painting.
^ John Millington (1779–1868), engineer; professor of mechanics at the Royal Institution, London, 1817-29; engineer of some Mexican mines, 1829; professor of chemistry at Williainsburg, 1837, where he died; wrote on scientific subjects.
^ Sir Thomas Millington (1628–1704), physician ; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1667; M.D. Oxford, 1659; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford; original member of the Royal Society; Sedleian professor of natural philosophy, Oxford, 1675; court physician and knighted, 1680; alleged discoverer of sexuality in plants.
^ William Millington (d. 1466?), first provost of King's College, Cambridge; probably educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge; rector, 1440; provost, 1443, of King's College: deprived by royal commissioners; assisted in drawing up Queens' College statutes, 1448; vice-chancellor, 1457.
^ John Millner (fl. 1712), captain in the Scots royal; served under Marlborough; published journal of Marlborough's marches (1702-12), 1733.
^ Alfred Mills (1776–1833), draughtsman.
^ Charles Mills (1788–1826), historical writer; abandoned law for literature; published History of Muhammedanism 1817, History of the Crusades 1820, and other works.
^ Sir Charles Mills (1825–1895), first agent-general for Cape Colony; born at Ischl, Hungary; private in 98th regiment, 1843; with Ills regiment in China; staff clerk in adjutant-general's office; served in Punjab, 1849; ensign and adjutant, 1851; lieutenant, 1854; brigade major in Crimea, 1865; in charge of military settlement of Germans on east border of British Kaffraria, 1858; retired on its incorporation with Cape Colony, 1865; member of Cape parliament for Kingwilliamstown, 18G6; chief clerk for finance, 1867; permanent under-secretary, 1872; in colonial secretary's office; agent-general in London for Cape Colony, 1882; K.C.M.G., 1885; O.B., 1886.
^ George Mills (1792?–1824), medallist; gained three gold medals from the Society of Arts; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1816-23; engraved for Mudie's National Medals
^ George Mills (1808–1881), shipbuilder, journalist, and novelist; as shipbuilder beeau to build iron steamers, 1838; stockbroker, 1848-50; started Glasgow Advertiser and Shipping Gazette, 1 1857; started the Milton chemical works, 1866; startedThe Northern Starin Aberdeen, 1869; literary critic of theGlasgow Mall wrote three novels.
^ John Mills (d. 1736), actor; acted at Drury Lane Theatre, London, for forty years, and occasionally at the Haymarket, London.
^ John Mills (d. 1784?), writer on agriculture; translated French agricultural works; F.R.S., 1768; first foreign associate of the French Agricultural Society, 1767-84; author of System of Practical Husbandry 1767.
^ John Mills (1812–1873), author and Calvinistic methodist minister; extended musical culture in Wales; visited the Holy Laud, 1855 aud 1859; published Welsh miscellaneous works.
^ Richard Mills (1809–1844), Welsh musician; published congregational tune-.
^ Thomas Millyng (*. 1492), bishop of Hereford ; D.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford; prior of Westminster, 1405, abbot, 1469; received (1470) Elizabeth, queen of Edward IV, into sanctuary at Westminster, where her son Ed wanl was born; bishop of Hereford, 1474.

[1] John James Masquerier (1778–1865), painter; studied at Paris and in London; exhibited a picture of 'Napoleon reviewing the Consular Guards 1801, which caused him to be bitterly attacked as a spy by William Cobbett; painted, among others, portraits of Emma, lady Hamilton, Harriot Mellon, afterwards Duchess of Su Albans, Miss O'Neil, and Warren Hastings; intimate with Sir Francis Burdett, Baroness BurdettOoutts, JohnWilkes, Michael Faraday, and Thomas Campbell.

[2] Massereene second Earl of. See Clotworthy Skeffington, 1742–1806.

[3] Viscounts Massereene . See Clotworthy, John first Viscount, (. 1665; Skeffington, Sir John, second VISCOUNT, d. 1695; Skeffington, John E i IM, I..N F..MKK, tenth VISCOUNT, 1812-1863.

[4] Sir Edward Massey (1619?-1674?), majorL'iii-nil; royalist, 1612; joined parliamentarians; general of the Western Association, 1646; co-operated with Fairfax in reducing the west, 1645-6; M.P., Gloucester, 1646; i-iiiiiiiiiuuler-in-chief of the London force*; impeached by the army, 1647; fled to Holland; returned, 1648; exclul-l from the House of Commons by Pride's Purge, 1648, and imprisoned with Waller; again sjtMpod to Holland and joined the king, 1649; lieutenant-general, 1651; wounded at Worcester, taken prisoner, and lodged in the Towt-r, 1651; again escaped to Holland; negotiated with English presbyterians, 1654, 1655, and 1660: appointed governor of Gloucester by Charles and knighted, 1660; M.P., Gloucester, 1661-74.

[5] Eyre Massey , first Baron Clarina (1719–1804), general: served in West Indies, 1739; ensign, 1741; commanded Niagara expedition, 1759; routed the French at La Belle Famille and gained possession of all the Upper Ohio; commanded grenadiers at Montreal, 1760, Martinique, 1761, Havana, 1762, New York and Quebec, 17631769; Halifax, 1776-80, and Cork, 1794-6; raised to peerage of Ireland, 1800.

[6] John Massey (1651–1715), Roman catholic divine ; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1672; M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1676; senior proctor, 1684; became a Roman catholic, 1685; dean of Christ Church, Oxford, 1686; one of the founders of the Oxford Chemical Society, 1683; fled to France, 1688; died in Paris.

[7] William Massey (1691–1764?), miscellaneous writer and translator; published Origin and Progress of Letters 1763, and translations.

[8] William Nathaniel Massey (1809–1881), politician and historian; recorder of Portsmouth, 1852, Plymouth, 1855; M.P., Newport, Isle of Wight, 1855-7, Salford, 1857-63; financial member of government of India, 1863-8; M.P., Tiverton, 1872-81; published history of George Ill's reign, 1855-63.

[9] James William Massie (1799–1869), Independent minister; missionary in India, 1822-39; secretary to Home Missionary Society; advocated free trade and emancipation of slaves.

[10] Joseph Massie (d. 1784), writer on trade and finance; formed collection of fifteen hundred treatises on economics, 1557-1763; compiled statistics to Illustrate the growth of British trade and published works on political economy.

[11] Thomas Leeke Massie (1802–1898), admiral; entered navy, 1818; lieutenant, 1827; commander, 1838; captain, 1841; served in Burmese war, 18-19; on North American station, 1855-6; rear-admiral, 1860; admiral, 1872.

[12] Francis Charles Massingberd (1800–1872), chancellor of Lincoln; went to Italy with Dr. Arnold and William Ralph Churton, 1824; M.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1825; prebendary of Lincoln, 1847; chancellor and canon, 1862; active member of convocation; proctor for parochial clergy, 1857, for the chapter, 1868; published English History of the Leaders of the Reformation 1842.

[13] Philip Massinger (1583–1640), dramatist; entered at St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1602; came to London, 1606; soon became a famous playwright; collaborated with Nathaniel Field, Robert Daborne, Cyril Tourneur, andDekker; wrote regularly in conjunction with FleMn-r, 1613-25; associated with the king's company of actors, 1616-23 and 1625-40; with the Cockpit company, 16231625; remarkable for his skill in the working out of plots and his insight into stage requirements. Among his patrons were the Herbert family, the Earl of Carnarvon, Sir Warham St. Leger, Sir Francis Foljambe, Sir Thomas Bland, Sir Aston Cokayne, and Lord Mohun; the fifteen plays entirely written by him areThe Duke of Milan 1623, The Unnatural Combat 1639, The Bondman 1624, 'The Renegade 1630,The Parliament of Love(licensed for the Cockpit, 1624),A New Way to pay Old Debt* 1632,The itoruan Actor 1629,The Maid of Honour 163J The Pietuw 1680, "The Great Duke of Florence The Emperor of the Knit 1631,Believe as 700 lint StationersRegisters 1663), The City Madam 1658,The Guardian 1645, andThe Bashful Lover H.55. In collaboration with Fletcher be wrote, among others, portion* of Henry VIII 1617, and ofTwo Noble ., 1634, in both of which a large *bare It attri to Shakespeare. His political views Inclined to the popular party; in The Bondmanbe supported the rn in tu-ir quarrel with Buckingham, whom be denounced under the guise of Ulsco. Thinly veiled reflec tious on current politics figure in other play*. f xxxviL 101 MA8SON, FRANCIS (1741-1805), gardener and botanist; sent, by the authorities at Kew Gardens, to collect plant* and bulbs at the Cape, 1779; in 1776 to the Canaries, Axores, Madeira, and the West Indies, and to 1'ortugal and Madeira, 1788; again sent to the Cape, 1786-95, and to North America, 1788; genus Mutonia named after him by Linnaeus.

[14] George Joseph Gustave Masson (1819–1888), educational writer; educated at Tours: B. es L. Universite de France, 1837; came to England as private tutor, 1847; French master at Harrow, 1855-88; Vanghan librarian from 1809; published works on French literature and history, and edited French classics.

[15] Henri de Massue de Ruvigny, second Marquis de Ruvigny, first Earl of Galway (1648-1790), born in Paris; entered the army and served in Portugal; aide-de-camp to Marshal Tureniie, 1672-6; sent by Louis XIV to England to detach Charles II from the Dutch alliance and elected deputy-general of the Huguenots, 1678; endeavoured unsuccessfully to avert their persecution; retired to England, 1688; as major-general uf horse in the English service served in Ireland under William III, 1691; commander-in-chlef of the forces in Ireland, 1692; created Viscount Galway and Baron Portarliugton, 1692; joined the army in Flanders, 1693: envoy extraordinary to Turin, 1694; created Earl of Galway, 1697; appointed one of the lords justices of Ireland, 1697; retired from government of Ireland, 1701; sent on a mission to the elector of Cologne, 17ol; commander of the English forces in Portugal, 1704; badly wounded while besieging Badajoz, 1705; reduced fortresses of Alcantara and Ciudad Rodrigo, and entered Madrid, 1706; compelled to retreat to Valentia, 1706; defeated at Almanza through the cowardice of the Portuguese, 1707; collected 14,600 troops in less than five mouths; envoy extraordinary to Lisbon, 17u8; displayed great personal bravery at tinbattle on the Caya, 1709; recalled, 1710; appointed lord justice in Ireland, in view of Jacobite rising, 1715; retired, 1716.

[16] John Master (fl. 1654–1680), physician; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1667, and M.D., 1672; M.A. 8U Mary Hall, Oxford, 1659; honorary F.U.C.P., 1080, and assisted Dr. Thomas Willis (1621-1676) in his medical publications.

[17] Richard Master (d. 1588) physician; fellow of All Souls, Oxford, 1533; M.A., 1537; F.C.P., 1653: M.D. ChrUt Church, Oxford, 1556; physician to Queen Elizabeth, 1559: president, College of Physicians, 1661: prebendary of York, 1563.

[18] Streynsham Master (1683–1724), naval captain; brother-in-law of George Byng; captain, 1709; as captain of the Superbe at the battle of Cape Passaro, 1718, captured the Spanish commander-in-chief.

[19] Thomas Master (1603–1643), divine ; fellow of New College, Oxford, 16S4; M.A., 16: B.D., 1641; rector of Wykeham, 1637; assisted Edward Herbert, baron Herbert of Cherbury, in hi*Life of Henry VIII and translated Herbert's work into Latin.

[20] Sir William Master (d. 1662), high sheriff of Gloucestershire; grandson of Richard Master; member of the Inner Temple, 1612; knighted, 1622: M.P., Cirencester, 1624; high sheriff of Gloucestershire, 16J7; at first a parliamentarian, but (1642) forced to contribute to the royal garrison of Cireucettter; submitted to parliament, 1644, but his estate sequestered for entertaining Charles I, 1644.

[21] William Master (1617–1684) divine: son of Sir William Master; bachelor-fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1661; 1662; vicar of Preston, near Cirencester, 1658: rector of Woodford, Essex, 1661; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1663; rector of Southchurch, 1666, fora year; prebendary of Oadington Major, 1667; rector of St. Vedast, Foster Lane, London, 1671; published moral essays.

[22] Mrs Mary Masters (d. 1769?), poetess; acquainted with Dr. Johnson; wrote hymns,

[23] Robert Masters (1713–1798), historian; grandMa of Sir William Master; fellow of Corpus Ohristi College, Cambridge, 1736-50: M.A., 1738; B.D., I 1746; F.S.A., 1762; rector of Landbeach, 1756, and of ! Waterbeaoh, 1769; resigned his rectories in favour of I relations; published 4 History of Corpus Ohristi College 1763 (with appendix of lives of its members), 1755.

[24] Charles Mastertown (1679–1760), presbyterian divine: M.A. Edinburgh, 1697; ministered at Connor, oo. Antrim, 1704-23; moderator of the general synod at Dungannon, and installed at Third Belfast, 1723, where the non-subscription controversy was in active progress: established an orthodox congregation; published expository and polemical works.

[25] George Matcham (1753–1833), traveller and Indian civil servant: wrote account of part of his overland journey home from India in 1783; patented apparatus for preserving vessels from shipwreck, 1802.

[26] George Matcham (1789–1877), civil lawyer ; son of Georee Matcham (1753-1833); advocate in Doctors Commons, 1820; contributed to Hoare's History of Wilts 1825.

[27] Cotton Mather (1663-1 728), New England divine ; ron of Increase Mather; minister at Boston, Mass., 1684-1728; D.D. Glasgow, 1710; F.R.S., 1714; linguist and author of Magnalia Christi Americana, 1 1702.

[28] Increase Mather (1639–1723), president of Harvard College; son of Richard Mather; M.A. and fellow of Harvard, 1666: came to England, 1657: M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1658; ordained at Boston, Massachusetts, 1664; presided at Boston synod, 1680; procured refusal to give up Boston charter, 1683; president of Harvard, 1684-1701; conveyed (1688) thanks of colony to James II for declaration of liberty of conscience, 1687; D.D.; gained an enlarged charter from William III for Massachusetts; published religious writings.

[29] Nathanael Mather (1631–1697), congregational divine: son of Richard Mather; M.A. Harvard, 1647; vicar of Harberton, 1655, of Barnstaple, 1666; pastor of English church, Rotterdam, 1660, and at New How, Dublin, 1671, and Paved Alley, Lime Street, London, 1688; joined the happy union 1691, but aided in its disruption; PinnersHall lecturer, 1694.

[30] Richard Mather (1596–1669), congregational divine: originally a schoolmaster; ordained minister at Toxteth, 1618; suspended. 1633, for not using ceremonies; emigrated to New England, 1635; accepted call from Dorchester. Massachusetts; bis plan to check presbyterianlsm (the Cambridge platform) adopted by the Cambridge synod, 1648; wrote principally on church government.

[31] Robert Cotton Mather (1808–1877), missionary; went to India, 1833; built schools and churches at Mirzapore, 1838-73; revised and edited the bible in Hindustani; LL.D. Glasgow, 1862; returned to England, 1873; published a New Testament commentary in Hindustani.

[32] Samuel Mather (1626–1671), congregational divine: son of Richard Mather; M.A. and fellow, Harvard, 1643; chaplain of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1650; attended parliamentary commissioners to Scotland, 1653; incorporated M.A. Cambridge and (1664) Dublin; senior fellow of Trinity College, Dublin, 1664; ordained, 1686; curate of Burton wood, 1660; ejected, 1662; erected meeting house in New Row, Dublin, 1662; published religious works.

[33] William Mather (ft. 1696), author ; qnaker from 1661; schoolmaster and surveyor of highways at Bedford; chief work, Young Man's Companion 1681, reaching twenty-four editions.

[34] Mathetes (1821?-1878). See John Jones.

[35] Theobald Mathew (1790–1856), apostle of temperance; Roman catholic priest, 1841; sent to small chapel in Cork; opened free school for boys and another for girls; signed total abstinence pledge, 1838; visited the principal cities of Ireland with wonderful effect; his preaching iiLondou described by Mrs. Oarlyle, 1843; worked energetically during the Irish famine; preached in the United States, 1849; returned to Ireland, 1851.

[36] Charles Mathews (1776–1835), comedian : went to Ireland, 1794; played at Dublin, Cork, and Limerick: Wilkinson, and became a popular actor on the York circuit; appeared at the Hayrnarket, 1803, 1805-7, and 18121817; at Drury Lane, London, 1804 and 1807; accompanied the burnt-out actors of Drury Lane to the Lyceum, London, 1809-11; instituted at entertainments, called At Homes a series of sketches, the first calledThe Mail Coach 1808; produced numerous other 4 At Homes: went on tour in America, 1822-3; undertook with Frederick Henry Yates the management of the Adelphi, 1828; played with Yates in Paris, 1829; again visited America, 1834: compelled to return by the failure of his voice; played four hundred different parts; praised by Leigh Hunt, Horace Smith, and Lord Byron: intimate with Coleridge and the Lambs; his collection of pictures, largely consisting of theatrical portraits, bought for the Garrick Club, 1836.

[37] Charles James Mathews (1803–1878), actor ! and dramatist; son of Charles Mathews; articled to Augustus Charles Pugin, 1819; visited with Pugin, York, Oxford, and Paris; amateur actor, 1822; went to Ireland to build a house for Lord Blessington, , 1823, whom he accompanied to Italy; entered the employ of John Nash; again in Italy, 1827, where he acted at a private theatre built by Lord Normanby; returned home, 1830; district surveyor at Bow, London; took to the stage, 1835; joined Yates in management of the Adelphi, London; appeared at the Olympic, London, 1835, after the failure of the Adelphi; married his manageress, Lucia Elizabeth Vestris, 1838; unsuccessful in American tour, 1838, and management of Covent Garden, London, 18391842; produced over a hundred pieces at Oovent Garden, London; opened the Lyceum, London, 1847; resigned, in consequence of heavy debts, though his management was remunerative; bankrupt, 1856; revisited America, 1866; played in London, 1858-63, in Paris, 1863 and 1866; appeared at Melbourne, 1870, leaving Australia, 1871; visited Auckland, Honolulu, San Francisco, and New York; took Wallack's Theatre, New York, 1872; acted in London, 1872-7, except for a season in Calcutta (1876); successful chiefly in comedy and farce; wrote various light pieces, mostly adaptations.

[38] Lucia Elizabeth Mathews, or Elizabetta, also known as Madame Vestris (1797–1856), actress; daughter of Gaetano Stefano Bartolozzi; first appeared in Italian opera, 1815; acted at Paris, 1816; appeared frequently at Drury Lane, Covent Garden, and the Haymarket, London, as well as in Ireland and the provinces, 1820-31; opened the Olympic, London, with Maria Foote, 1831; married Charles James Mathews, 1836, and went with him to America: aided him in his management of Oovent Garden, London, 1839-42, and the Lyceum, 1847-54; unrivalled as a stage singer.

[39] Thomas Mathews (1676–1751), admiral; entered the navy, 1690; lieutenant, 1699; captain, 1703; assisted in capture of Spanish flagship at Cape Passaro, 1718; blockaded Messina unsuccessfully; commanded squadron in East Indies against pirates, 1722-4; virtually retired, 1724; but was appointed commissioner of the navy at Chatham, 1736; vice-admiral of the red, 1742; commander-in-chief in the Mediterranean, and plenipotentiary to the king of Sardinia and the States of Italy, 1742; to prevent the allies slipping away to the south fought without waiting for the rear division to close up, on which a panic seized the English fleet and the blockade off Toulon was fairly broken: resigned, 1744; charged by Richard Lestock with having neglected to give necessary orders, and having fled from the enemy and given up the chase, though there was every chance of success; dismissed, after a trial of unprecedented length, 1747; regarded the sentence as merely the outcome of parliamentary faction.

[40] Benjamin Williams Mathias (1772–1841), divine; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1799; ordained to the curacy of Rathfryland, 17'J7; chaplain of Betheada Chapel, Dorset Street, Dublin, 1805-35; published theological works.

[41] Thomas James Mathias (1754?–183B), satirist and Italian scholar; major-fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1776; M.A., 1777; sub-treasurer to George III's queen, 1782; afterwards treasurer: F.S.A. and P.FL8., 17f,; librarian at Buckingham Palace, 1812; lost heavily over his edition of Gray's works, 1814; went to Italy, 1817: published tin- Pursuits of Literature 1794, a reckless satire on authors, which went through sixteen editions and provoked many replies; the best English scholar in Italian since Milton; translated English poets into Italian and Italian works into Bnglish; published Poeaie Liriche 1810, andCanzoni Toscane

[42] Matilda (d. 1083), queen of William the Conqueror; daughter of Baldwin V of Flanders, descendant of Alfred; forbidden to marry Duke William of Normandy by the council of Rheims, 1049; married at Eu, 1063, dispensation being granted by Nicolas II. 1059; built abbey at Caen as a penance; ruled Normandy in William's absence; crowned at Westminster, 1067; resided much in Normandy superintending the affairs of the duchy; sent quantities of valuables to her son Robert, 1079, during his quarrel with his father; founded the abbey of St. Mary de Pre at Rouen; benefactor of French religious houses.

[43] Matilda, Maud, Mahalde, Mold (1080–1118), first wife of Henry I of England; daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and granddaughter of Edmund Ironside; educated at Romsey; left Scotland on her father's death; went to her uncle Edgar Etheling, 1094; married Henry I, 1100: crowned at Westminster, 1100; corresponded with Bishop Hildebert of Le Mans, and Anselm, whose return she welcomed, 1106; built a leper hospital at St, Giles-in-the-Fields, London, and a bridge over the Lea at Stratford; founded Austin priory, Aldgate, 1108.

[44] Matilda of Boulogne (1103?–1152), wife of Stephen, king of England; daughter of Eustace III of Boulogne; married, before 1125, Stephen of Blois, who seized the crown on Henry I's death, 1135; crowned at Westminster, 1136; made treaty with David of Scotland, 1139; secured alliance of France, 1140; her husband a prisoner, 1141; regained London for her husband; besieged the Empress Matilda (1102-1167), who was besieging Winchester, and compelled her to withdraw, soon effecting Stephen's release, 1141.

[45] Matilda, Maud, Mold, Aethelic, Aaliz (1102-1167), empress; daughter of Henry I; married to Henry V of Germany, and crowned at Mainz, 1114; after her husband's death (1125) returned to England, 1126; recognised as Henry I's successor by the barons and bishops, 1126, 1131, and 1133; on her father's death (1135) entered Normandy, which, as well as England, chose her cousin Stephen for its king; gained nothing by an appeal to Rome, 1136; landed in England, 1139; Stephen brought captive to her at Gloucester, 1141; acknowledged by a council at Winchester as Lady of England and Normandy 1141; went to London, but, her confiscations and demands for money irritating the citizens, was driven from the city; besieged Winchester, but, being in turn besieged by Stephen's wife, Matilda (1103?-1152), cut her way out and fled to Gloucester; besieged by Stephen in Oxford Castle, 1142; escaped from Oxford, but bad no further hope of success, 1142; conjointly with her husband, who held Normandy as a conqueror, ceded the duchy to her sou Henry (afterwards Henry II), 1150; induced Henry II not to invade Ireland, 1155; founded several religious bouses.

[46] Matilda, Duchess of Saxony (1156–1189), daughter of Henry II of England; married Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony, at Mindeu, 1168; Brunswick besieged by the emperor in consequence of her husband's refusal to submit to the forfeiture of his hinds, 1180, but the siege raised on her appeal to bis chivalry; sought refuge in England with her husband, who, however (1181), had submitted, returning to Brunswick, 1185; her husband again exiled, 1189.

[47] Robert Maton (1607-1MITX divine; M.A. Wadham College, Oxford. 1630; took order*;millenary and believer in the literal meaning of scriptural prophecy; published Israel's Redemption 164}: replied to %2FH tbereby exclted ta ! B*vSp5 Redeemed 1646.

[48] William George Maton (1774-1835), physician; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 177; P.uC, !% subsequently vice-president: physician to Westminster Hospital, London, 1800-8; M.D. Oxford, 1801; F.R.C.P. in 1802; Gulstonian lecturer, 1803; Harvelau orator. 181*1 physician extraordinary to Queen Charlotte, 1816, to the Duchess of Kent, and the infant Princess Victoria, 1820; published (1797) account of tour in Dorset, Devonshire, Cornwall, and Somerset.

[49] Matthew Paris ( d. 1269).

[50] Matthew Westminster. See Westminster.

[51] Tobie Matthew or Tobias (1546–1628) archbishop of York; B.A. University College, Oxford, 1564; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1566, and student; D.D., 1574; ordained, 1566; attracted Queen Elizabeth's notice at Oxford, 1566; public orator, 1569-72; canon of Christ Church, 1570; prebendary of Salisbury, 157; president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1672-7; dean of Christ Church, 1576; vice-chancellor, 1579: preached a Latin sermon defending the reformation, 1581; dean of Durham, 1584; vicar of Bishop's Wearmouth, 1590; acted as political agent in the north; bishop of Durham, 1596; active against recusants; prominent in the Hampton Court conference, 1604; archbishop of York, 1606; entrusted with the detention of Lady Arabella Stuart, who, however, escaped, 1611; frequently opposed the royal policy.

[52] Sir Tobie Matthew (1577–1655), courtier, diplomatist, and writer: sou of Tobie or Tobias Matthew ; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1597; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1599; M.P., Newport, Cornwall, 1601, St. Albans, 1604; travelled in Italy, 1604-6; converted to Roman Catholicism at Florence, 1606; returned to England and was committed to the Fleet on account of his religion; allowed to leave prison on parole in consequence of the plague, 1608; obtained leave to go abroad, 1608; ordained priest at Rome, 1614; returned to London, 1617; exiled on refusing to take the oath of allegiance, 1619; allowed to return, 1621; acquainted government with a scheme for erecting titular Roman catholic bishoprics in England, 1622; sent to Madrid to advise Charles and Buckingham, 1623; knighted on bis return, 1623; member of abortive Academy Royal, 1624: in Paris and Brussels, 1625-33: secretary to Strafford in Ireland, 1633; soon returned to court, where the puritans suspected him of being a papal spy; retired to Ghent, both bouses of parliament having petitioned for his banishment, 1640; Bacon's later work submitted by the author to his criticism; translated Bacon's Essays into Italian, 1618: wrote an account of his conversion (never printed); died at Ghent; a collection of letters made by him, published, 1660.

[53] Henry Matthews (1789–1828), judge and traveller; son of John Matthews; of Eton and King's College, Cambridge; fellow of King's College; M.A., 1815; advocate-fiscal of Ceylon, 1821-7; judge, 1827; published * Diary of continental travels, 1820 (5th edit. 1835); died in Ceylon.

[54] John Matthews (1 755–1826 physician and poet; M.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1779; M.D., 1782; physician to St. George's Hospital, London. F.R.C.P., 1783; Gulstonian lecturer, 1784; mayor of Hereford, 1793; M.P., Herefordshire, 1803-6; composed prose and verse; parodied Pope's Eloisa 1780.

[55] Lemuel Matthews or Mathews (fl. 1661-1705), archdeacon of Down: son of ilarmaduke Matthews ; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, before 1667; rector of Lenavy and chaplain to Jeremy Taylor, bishop of Down; prebendary of Oarncastle, 1667: archdeacon of Down, 1674; chancellor of Down and Connor, 1690; held nine livings; attainted by Irish parliament, 1689; found guilty and suspended by the Lisburn visitation, 1694, for maintenance, non-residence, and neglect of duties; agitated in a series of fourteen appeals; restored only to his prebend.

[56] Marmaduke Matthews (1606–1683?), Welsh nonconformist: M.A. All Souls, Oxford, 1627; inhibited by the bishop of St. David's; fled to West Indies; teaching-elder 1 at Maldon, New England; appointed to St. John's, Swansea, 1668; ejected, 1662; licensed to preach, 1673.

[57] Thomas Matthews (pseudonym) (1500?–1565). See John Rogers.

[58] Thomas Matthews (1805–1889), actor and pantomimist; coached by Grimaldi; clown at Sadler's Wells, Theatre, 1829; in pantomimes in London, Paris, and Edinburgh; retired, 1865.

[59] Augustus Matthiessen (1831–1870), chemist and physicist; studied at Giessen, 1852, and at Heidelberg, 1853; returned to London and studied with Hofmann, 1857; F.H.S., 1861; lecturer on chemistry at St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1862-8, at St. Bartholomew's, London, 1868: worked chiefly on the constitution of alloys and opium alkaloids.

[60] Isabella Mattocks (1746–1826), actress ; daughter of Lewis Hallam, a comedian; played children's parts, 1 753; chief support of Covent Garden, at which she played an immense variety of parts, 1761 till her retirement, 1808: also appeared at Portsmouth and Liverpool, where her husband became manager; especially shone in the role of chambermaid.

[61] Charles Robert Maturin (1782–1824), novelist and dramatist; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1800; curate of St. Peter's, Dublin; set up a school and took to literature. 1807; compelled to give up the school, 1813; his manuscript tragedyBertram recommended by Scott to Kemble, who declined it; produced by Kean, on Byron's recommendation, at Drury Lane, 1816, with great success; produced two unsuccessful tragedies; published, besides other novels, Montorio 1807, which Scott reviewed with appreciation, The Milesian Chief 1812, imitated by Scott in The Bride of Lammermoor, and Melmoth 1820, his masterpiece; had great influence on the rising romantic school of France.

[62] William Maturin (1803–1887), divine; son of Charles Robert Maturin; M.A. and D.D. Dublin, 1866; was made perpetual curate of Grangegorman, 1844; librarian in Archbishop Marsh's library, Dublin, 1860; tractariau.

[63] Matthew Maty (1718–1776), physician, writer, and principal librarian of the British Museum, born near Utrecht; Ph.D. and M.D. Leyden, 1740; physician in London, 1741; published Journal Britannique 1750-5, which reviewed English publications in French: F.R.S., 1751: appointed under-librarian on the establishment of the British Museum, 1753; foreign secretary, Royal Society, 1762; principal secretary, 1765; L.R.C.P., 1765; principal librarian of the British Museum, 1772; disliked by Dr. Johnson, but intimate with other literary men of the day.

[64] Paul Henry Maty (1745–1787), assistant librarian of the British Museum; sou of Matthew Maty; of Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1770, and travelling fellow: F.R.S., 1772 chaplain to Lord Stormont, English ambassador at Paris; assistant-librarian at the British Museum, 1776; foreign secretary, Royal Society, 1776 (principal secretary, 1778); protested strongly against Dr. Charles Hutton's dismissal and resigned his secretaryship, 1784; started the New Review 1782.

[65] Walter Mauclerk (d. 1248), bishop of Carlisle; sent to Ireland, 1210, and to Rome, to urge the royal complaints, 1214; justice of the northern counties, 1221; sheriff of Cumberland and constable of Carlisle, 1222 bishop of Carlisle, 1223: employed on diplomatic missions; treasurer, 1227-33; councillor during Henry III's absences, 1243 and 1245; resigned bishopric, 1248. the Yorkshire estates of his commander, Lord Harry 1'uulet, at whose court-martial (1753) he h;ul given favourable evidence, 1765-94; wrote verses descriptive of Yorkshire dales; contributed to Grose's 'Antiquities

[66] Henry Maudslay (1771–1831), engineer : entered Woolwich arsenal; employed by Bramah, 1789-98; set up business in London and made improvements in the lathe and marine engines; Sir Joseph Whitworth and James Nasmyth among his pupils.

[67] Joseph Maudslay (1801–1861), engineer, sou of Henry Maudslay; originally a shipbuilder; patented marine engines, which were extensively used; built the engines of the first admiralty screw steamship, 1841.

[68] Thomas Henry Maudslay (1792–1864), engineer; son of Henry Maudslay; greatly contributed to the success of his father's firm, which constructed engines for royal navy for over twenty-five years; gave evidence before a House of Commons committee on steam navigation, 1831.

[69] Israel Mauduit (1708–1787), political pamphleteer; preached at the Hague and other protestant chapels; partner in a woollen-draper's business, London; F.R.S., 1761; appointed customer of Southampton and agent in England for Massachusetts, 1763; witness for the defence at Governor Hutchinson's trial; declared for American independence, 1778; published pamphlets on the American war, andConsiderations on the present German War 1760, the latter, according to W T alpole, having enormous influence.

[70] William Mauduit, Earl of Warwick (1220-1268), became Earl of Warwick, in right of his mother, 1263; sided with the barons, but afterwards joined Henry III; surprised and taken prisoner at Warwick Castle, 1264.

[71] John Mauduith or Manduit (fl. 1310), astronomer; fellow of Mertou College, Oxford, c. 1305; famous as physician, astronomer, and theologian; his mathematical tables well known in Leland's time.

[72] Mauger (d. 1212), bishop of Worcester; physician to Richard I and archdeacon of Evreux; bishop of Worcester, 1199; urged King John to submit to the pope; pronounced the interdict, 1208; fled to France; attempted I reconciliation with King John, 1208 and 1209; died at Pontigny.

[73] Robert Maugham (d. 1862), first secretary to the Incorporated Law Society, of which he urged the I formation, 1825, establishment, 1827, and incorporation, 1831; sole proprietor and editor of the Legal Observer 1830-56; promoted Attorneys Act, 1843, and Solicitors Act, 1860; published legal works.

[74] Fox Maule, second Baron Panmure of the United Kingdom, and eventually eleventh EARL OF DALHOUSIE in the peerage of Scotland (1801-1874); in the army, 1820-32: M.P., Perthshire, 1835-7, Elgin burghs, 1838-41, and Perth, 1841-52; under-secretary of state, 1835-41; secretary at war, 1846-52 and 1855-8; succeeded to earldom, 1860.

[75] Harry Maule , titular earl of Panmure (d. 1734), joined Jacobite rising, 1715; fought at Sheriffmuir, rescuing his brother, James Maule, fourth earl of Panmure, under perilous circumstances, 1716; fled to Holland, 1716; corresponded with leading Jacobites; collected at Kelly Castle, chronicles, chartularies, and historical documents of Scotland; compiled a family history, 1733.

[76] James Maule, fourth earl of Panmure(1659?-1723), Jacobite; privy councillor to James II, 1686-7; proclaimed the Old Pretender king at Brechin, 1715; taken prisoner at Sheriffmuir and rescued by his brother, Harry Maule, titular earl of Panmure; escaped to the continent, 1716; his estates confiscated, 1716; twice declined their restoration at the price of swearing allegiance to George I; died at Paris.

[77] Patrick Maule , first earl of Panmure (d. S-1798), minor poet and 1661); gentleman of the bedchamber, 1603: keeper of ) Barfleur, 1766; steward of j Eltharn and sheriff of Forfarshire, 1625; endeavoured to recoucile the king and the covenanters; created Baron Maule of Brechin and Man and Earl of Panmure, 1646; fined Cromwell.

[78] William Henry Maule (1788-1858), judge ; senior wrangler, Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow, 1811: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, lull Oxford circuit; K.C., 1H33; counsel to Bank of K"gl"). 1835; M.I, (Jarlow, 1837; baron of the exchequer and knighted, 1839; transferred to court of common pleas; member of judicial committee of privy council.

[79] William Ramsay Maule, Baron Panmure (1771-1852), cornet, llth dragoons, 1789; whig M.P., Forfarshire, 1796 and 1806-31; created Baron 1'aninure (peerage of Great Britain), 1831.

[80] John Mauleverer (d. 1650), colonel; parliamentary governor of Hull, 1646; colonel of foot regiment in Scots war, 1C&U.

[81] Sir Richard Mauleverer (1623? –1675), royalist; son of Sir Thomas Mauleverer (d. 1655) ; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1641: knighted, 1645; lined by parliament, 1649: his estates sequestered, 1650; declared outlaw, 1654: taken prisoner, 1655; escaped to the Hague; gentleman of the privy chamber, 1660; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1G61.

[82] Sir Thomas Mauleverer, first baronet (d. 1665), regicide; admitted of Gray's Inn, 1C 17; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1640; created baronet, 1641; raised two foot regiments and a troop of horse for parliament; fought at Atherton Moor, 1643; attended the king's trial and signed the death-warrant.

[83] Sir Thomas Mauleverer (1643?–1687), eldest son of Sir Richard Mauleverer; M.P., Boroughbridge, 1679; commanded a troop of horse in Monmouth's rebellion, 1686.

[84] Peter de Mauley (d. 1241), favourite of King John; took charge of treasure and prisoners at Corfe Castle, 1216; sheriff of Somerset and Dorset, 1216: summoned to bring regalia to coronation, 1220: arrested for treason, 1221; given charge of Sherborne Castle, 1221; died a crusader in the Holy Land.

[85] Benjamin Maund (1790 - 1863), botanical writer; at once chemist, bookseller, printer, and publisher; F.L.S., 1827; on committee of Worcestershire Natural History Society; started monthly botanical publications.

[86] Samuel Maunder (1785–1849), compiler; assisted his partner, William Pinnock, in the Catechisms 1837-49; published the Literary Gazette; compiled educational dictionaries.

[87] Henry Maundrell (1665–1701), oriental traveller; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1688: B.D., 1697; fellow, 1697; chaplain to the Levant merchants at Aleppo, 1695; travelled in the Holy Laud, spending Easter at Jerusalem, 1697; his narrative of the expedition (published, 1703) frequently reprinted, and translated into French, Dutch, and German.

[88] Andrew Maunsell (d. 1596), bibliographer and publisher; brought out Martin's translation of Peter Martyr's Commonplaces 1583; designed a classified catalogue of English books, the first two parts (divinity and science) published, 1595.

[89] John Maunsell (d. 1265). See Mansel.

[90] Henry de Maunsfield, Maunnesfeld, Mammesfeld, or Maymysfel (d. 1328), dean of Lincoln; chancellor of Oxford University, 1309 and 1311; dean of Lincoln, 1314; declined bishopric of Lincoln, 1319; canon of Carlisle, 1324.

[91] Sir Walter Mauny (d. 1372). See Manny.

[92] Maurice (d. 1107), bishop of London, chaplain and chancellor to William the Conqueror; bishop of Londou, 1086; controversy with Auselm as to the right to consecrate Harrow church decided against him, 1094; crowned Henry I in Anselm's absence, 1100: commenced building St. Paul's CathedraL to stlesClub founded the ApostlesClub with Whitmore edite Metropolitan Quarterly Magazine for a year, 182ft; j class in civil law claw* Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1

[93] Maurice (fl.–1210), called Morganensis and Morganius, epigrammatist.

[94] Prince Maurice (1620-1652)son of the elector palatine Frederick V and Elizabeth, daughter of James I landMl.a England, 1641, to aid the royalbt cause; com missioned to protect Gloucestershire, 164S: forced his x lord fur reinforcement*, 1643: Exeter and Dartmouth surreuderv.1 to him. 1643: abandoned the siege of Plymouth in comiequetice of illness, 1643: lieutenantgeneral of the southern counties 1644; prewot at the second battle of Newbury, 1644: unable to keep order In Wales, 1646: relieved by his brother. Prince Rupert, at Chester, 1046; fou K ht on the right wing at Naseby, 14 June 164ft; besieged hi Oxford, 1646; banished by parliament, 26 June 1646; joined Rupert in his piracy, 1648; lost at sea off the Anagadas.

[95] John Frederick Denison Maurice (1805–1872), divine: went up to Cambridge, 1823; with Sterling with Whitmore edited the , 182ft; flrst1827: edited the London Literary Chronicle until 183O: went up to Oxford to take orders, 1830; joined theEssay Society and met William Ewart Gladstone: curate of Bubbenhall, 1834; published Subscription no Bondage against abolishing subscription to the Thirty-nine Articles; chaplain at Guy's Hospital. London, 1836-46, lecturing on moral philosophy: married Anna, silfter-iulaw of John Sterling, 1837; published Letters to a Quaker 1837: edited the Education Magazine 18391841; professor* of English literature and history at King's College, Londou, 1840; Boyle lecturer and Warburton lecturer, 1845: chaplain of Lincoln's Inn, 184i; resigned chaplaincy of Guy's Hospital, London, 1846: helped to found Queen's College, London, 1848; married Julius Hare's half-sister, 1849: edited for a few weeks the paper of the Christian Socialists and had his attention drawn to co-operation and trade associations; called upon by the principal of King's College to clear himself of charges of heterodoxy brought against him iu the Quarterly Review 1851: cleared by a comuuttee of inquiry, 1882; asked to retire by the council of King's College after the publication of his Theological Essays 1853; strongly advocated abolition of university tests, 1853; inaugurated (1864) the Working Men's College in lied Lion Square, London (afterwards removed to Great Ormond Street), of which he was chosen principal; accepted the chapel of St. Peter's, Vere Street, London, 1860-9; professor of moral philosophy at Cambridge, 1866: incumbent of St. Edward's, Cambridge, l*7n I; Cambridge preacher at Whitehall, 1871.

[96] Godfrey Maurice (d. 1598). See John Jones.

[97] Henry Maurice (1648–1691), divine: M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1671: D.D., 1683: fellow; gamed, as curate of Cheltenham, 1669, great reputation in a controversy with the Sociuians; chaplain to Sir Leoline Jenkins at Cologne, 1673-6: doua-t lain to Bancroft, 1680-91: treasurer of Chichwt. rector of Newiugton, Oxfordshire, 1686: repre?nt4il xfonl at Westminster convocation, 1689: Margaret professor of divinity at Oxford, 1691; published controversial workc; well versed in canon law.

[98] James Wilkes Maurice (1776–1867), rearadmiral; entered navy, 1789; lieutenant, 1797; went to Y-t lii'lit-, 1802: commander, 1804; held Diamond lUx-k, Martinique, for more than a year, 1806; gos.mor of Marie Galaute, 1808; advanced to post rank, 1809; governor of Auholt, 1810-12, where he defeated the Danes, 1811; retired rear-admiral, 1846.

[99] Thomas Maurice (1764–1824), oriental scholar and historian; M.A. University College, Oxford, 1808; while at Oxford translated(Edipus Tyraunus for which Dr. Johnson wrote the preface; vicar of Wormlcightou, 1798; assistant-keeper of manuscripts in the ltritih Muslim. 17D8; ohtaim-d pension, 1800: vicar of Cudham, 1804: a voluminous author, and the first to popularise Eastern history and religions.

[100] William Maurice (. 1640–1680), collector and transcriber of Welsh manuscripts; his collection preserved at Wynnstay.

[101] William Fordyce Mavor (1758–1837), compiler of educational works; schoolmaster at Woodstock; oXned, 1781: vicar of Hurley and I.I..P. AU-nleen. 7. ntor of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, which he exchanced (1810) for Bladon-with- Woodstock; chief oomKngliah Spelling Book; 1801.

[102] Sir Joseph Mawbey , first baronet (1730–1798), politician; inherited property iu Surrey, 1754; sheriff, 17&7- M 1Southward 1761-74; created baronet, 1765; Ml Surrev, 1775-90; cbairmaii of Surrey quarter uemtons for" twenty-seven years; contributed to the Gentleman's Magazine.

[103] MA WE, JOHN (1764-1829), mineralogist: a sailor for fifteen years; collected minerals in England and tlaiid for the King of Spain; blockaded in Cadiz, 1804Mmprisoned at Monte Video, 1805-6; visited the interior of Brazil, 1809-10; opened a shop in the Strand, 1811: wrote books on mineralogy and his South American travels.

[104] Leonard Mawe or Maw (d. 1629), bishop of Bath and Wells; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1595; M.A. (incorporated at Oxford, 1599): master of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1617; vice-chancellor of Cambridge University, 1621; prebendary of Wells, and chaplain to Charles, prince of Wales: joined him in Spam, 1683; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1625; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1628.

[105] Matthias Mawson (1683–1770), bishop of Ely; of St. Paul's School, London, and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; fellow, 1707; M.A., 1708; D.D., 1725; master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1724-44; vice-chancellor, 1730; bishop of Llandaff, 1738; transferred to Chichester, 1740; bishop of Ely, 1754; founded twelve scholarship at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1754.

[106] Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1 900), orientalist and philologist: son of the poet Wilhelm Miiller (17941827); born at Dessau; educated at Leipzig; Ph.D., 1843; studied under Franz Bopp and Schelling at Berlin and under Eugene Burnouf at Paris; obtained introduction to Baron Bunsen, then Prussian minister in London; came to England, 1846, and was commissioned by board of directors of East India Company to bring out edition of the Sanskrit classic Rigveda with Sayana's commentary (published, 1849-73); settled at Oxford, 1848; deputy Taylorian professor of modern European languages, 1850; hon. M.A. and member of Christ Church, 1851; full M.A. and Taylorian professor, 1854-68; curator of Bodleian Library, 1856-63 and 1881-94; fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, 1858; unsuccessfully opposed (Sir) Monier Monier-Williams as candidate for professorship of Sanskrit at Oxford, 1860; studied comparative philology and was first professor of that subject at Oxford, 1868 till death, though he retired from the active duties of the chair, 1875; devoted much attention to comparative mythology and the comparative study of religions; edited, from 1876, Sacred Books of the East a series of English translations of oriental works of a religious character. He was a privy councillor and obtained numerous honours from British and foreign courts and learned bodies. Though much in his works and methods may already be superseded, his writings exercised an extraordinarily stimulating influence in many fields. They fall under the heads of Sanskrit, Pali, science of religion, comparative mythology, comparative philology, philosophy, biography, and writings in German. A collected edition of his essays entitled Chips from a German Workshop appeared, 1867-75. A full collected edition of his works began to appear in 1898.

[107] Anthony Maxey (d. 1618), dean of Windsor; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1686; D.D., 1608; chaplain to James I; dean of Windsor and registrar of the order of the Garter, 1612; made the highest bid for the vacant see of Norwich, 1618.

[108] Thomas Maxfield (d. 1616), Roman catholic priest; educated at Douay; missioner in England, 1615; arrested; refused the oath of allegiance, and was executed.

[109] Thomas Maxfield (d. 1784), Wesleyan convert; converted by John Wesley, 1739; travelled with Charles Wedey, 1740: left In charge of the Foundery Society by John Wesley, 1741; seized by the press-gang, 1745; tnunf erred to the army: on his discharge, became one of Wesley's chief assistants and chaplain to the Countess of Huntingdon; separated from the Wesleys, 1763; preached in Moorfields, 1767; at his secession became Wesley's enemy unsuccessfully negotiated for a reunion, 1772 and 1779.

[110] Frederick Augustus Maxse (1833–1900), I admiral and political writer; brother of Sir Henry Berkeley Fitzhardiuge Maxse; lieutenant R.N., 1852; i captain, 1855; retired as admiral, 1867: wrote on social questions. Mr. George Meredith's novel,Beauchamp's Career is largely a study of his character.

[111] Sir Henry Berkeley Fitzhardinge Maxse (1832-1883), governor of Heligoland; army captain, 1864; served through Crimean war (medals); lieutenantcolonel, 1863: governor of Heligoland, 1864-81, during which time the constitution was reformed, 1868, the ! gaming-tables abolished, 1870, and telegraphic communication established; governor of Newfoundland, 1881-3; died at St. John's, Newfoundland.

[112] Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Maxwell, Lady Stirling (1808–1877). See Norton.

[113] Sir George Clerk Maxwell (1715–1784). See Clerk-Maxwell.

[114] James Maxwell (fl. 1600–1640), author; M.A. Edinburgh, 1600; went abroad; returned to England and published numerous works, including poems on Charles I and Prince Henry, and works in defence of the English church; nicknamed by Laud Mountebank Maxwell

[115] James Maxwell (1708?–1762), of Kirkconnel; Jacobite; joined the rebellion of 1746; escaped to France 1 after Culloden; publishedNarrative of Charles Prince ; of Wales's Expedition in 1745

[116] James Maxwell (1720–1800), 'Poet in Paisley'; , followed numerous trades; received assistance from Paisley town council, 1787; author of doggerel religious publications.

[117] James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879). See Clerk-Maxwell.

[118] Sir John Maxwell of Terregles, Master of Maxwell, and afterwards fourth Baron Herries (1512?-1583), partisan of Mary Queen of Scots; held Lochmaben Castle, 1545; warden of the west marches, i 1552-3: reappointed warden of the west marches, 1561; endeavoured to mediate between Mary and Moray, 1566; after Rizzio's murder joined Mary with a strong force at Dunbar, 1666; became Baron Her ries, 1566; one of the assize who acquitted Bothwell; entreated Mary not to marry Bothwell; submitted to Moray's regency, 1567; commanded Mary's horse at Langside, 1568; commissioner to England, 1568; joined a revolt against Moray, 1569; submitted to the regent on finding that Elizabeth would not aid Mary; assisted in depriving Morton, 1578; member of the new privy council; on Morton's return to power sent to Stirling to maintain quiet; subsequently supported Lennox.

[119] John Maxwell , seventh or eighth Baron Maxwell and Earl of Morton (1553–1593), attended Perth convention, 1569; voted for Mary's divorce from Bothwell, 1569; his territories invaded and castles demolished by Lord Scrope, 1570; came to terms with Morton, 1673; imprisoned at Edinburgh on claiming (1577) the earldom of Morton, which he obtained on Morton's execution, 1681; denounced as rebel after Lennox's overthrow, 1582 and 1586, when the earldom of Morton and its adjuncts were revoked; assisted in the capture of Stirling Castle, 1586: granted indemnity, 1586; im prisoned for causing mass to be celebrated; exiled; returned without permission, was again exiled, the earldom of Morton being ratified by parliament to the Earl of Angus, 1587; assembled his followers to help Spanish invasion, 1588; captured and brought prisoner to Edinburgh; appointed, under title of Earl of Morton, warden of the west marches, 1592; subscribed presby ! terian confession of faith, 1593; slain in an encounter j with the laird of Johnstone's followers.

[120] John Maxwell, eighth or ninth Baron Maxwell (1586?-16l2), son of John Maxwell, seventh or eighth baron Maxwell; at feud with on account ot bis father's death, and with the nv:ini:iiLr the earldom of Morton; constantly called before the council to answer for his plot* against Johnstone, 1598-1603; reconciled, 160ft; committed to Edinburgh Castle for his feud with the Earl of Morton, 1607; escaped, 1607; denounced as rebel; shot Johnstone and escaped to the continent, 1608; in his absence found guilty of acts of treason, including Johns tone's murder, 1608; condemned to death; on his return, 1612, apprehended and beheaded at Edinburgh.

[121] John Maxwell (1590?-1647), archbishop of Tuam; M.A. St. Andrews, 1611; advocated the restoration of liturgical forms in Scotland; bishop of Ross, 1633; privy councillor and extraordinary lord of cession, 1636: assisted in compilation of new service-book, using it at Fortrose, 1637-8; deposed and excommunicated by the assembly, 1638; appealed, 1639; D.D. Trinity College, Dublin, 1640: bichop of Killala and Achonry, 1640; left for dead in the rebellion, 1641; finally went to Oxford and acted as royal chaplain; appointed archbishop of Tuam, 1643.

[122] John Hall Maxwell (1812–1866), agriculturist; called to Scottish bar, 1835; secretary to Highland Agricultural Society; collected stock and crop statistics; C.B., 1856.

[123] Sir Murray Maxwell (1775–1831), naval captain; entered navy, 1790: lieutenant, 1796; commander, 1802; took part in capture of Tobago, Demerara, and Essequibo, 1803, of Berbice and Surinam, 1804; C.B., 1815; after landing Lord Amberst at Pei-bo, 1816, explored the Gulf of Pechili, the west coast of Oorea, and the LooChoo islands, an account of which was published (1818) by Captain Basil Hall; wrecked in the Straits of Gaspar, with Lord Amherst on board, 1817, and was in charge of the crew (all saved) on Pulo Lest; acquitted by courtmartial, 1817; knighted, 1818; F.RA, 1819; lieutenantgovernor of Prince Edward's island, 1831.

[124] Sir Peter Benson Maxwell (1817–1893), chiefjustice of Straits Settlements; B. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1839; barrister. Middle Temple, 1841; recorder of Penang, 1856-66, and of Singapore, 1866-71; chief-justice of Straits Settlements, 1867-71; knighted, 1856.

[125] Robert Maxwell, fifth Baron Maxwell (d. 1546); warden of the west marches, 1517; lord provost of Edinburgh on the removal of the king there, 1524; councillor, 1626; extraordinary lord of session, 1533; one of the regents, 1638; taken prisoner at Solway Moss, 1542; sent to London, but released on James V's death; intrigued with Henry VIII; taken prisoner at Glasgow, 1544; set free on approach of the English; imprisoned in the Tower of London for supposed treachery: released, 1545: taken prisoner by Beaton, but granted remission on stating he only made terms with Henry VIII under compulsion; chief-justice of Anuaudale and warden of the west marches, 1546.

[126] Robert Maxwell (1696–1766), writer on agriculture; experimented in farming; member of the Society of Improvers in the Knowledge of Agriculture in Scotland, 1723; insolvent, 1749; land-valuer; published agricultural works.

[127] William Maxwell, fifth Baron Herries (rf. 1603), son of Sir John Maxwell, fourth baron Herries ; gentleman of the chamber, 1580; privy councillor, 1583; warden of the west marches, 1587: called before the council to answer for his feud with the Johnstones, whom he attacked unsuccessfully (1595) with three hundred men; submitted the feud to arbitration, 1699.

[128] William Maxwell , fifth Earl of Nithsdale (1676-1744), Jacobite: joined the English Jacobites, 1715; taken prisoner at Preston, 1715; sent to the Tower of London; condemned to death: escaped by the aid of his wife Winifred Maxwell; joined the Chevalier James Edward at Rome, where he died.

[129] William Maxwell (1782–1818). friend of Dr. Johnson; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1755; D.D., 1777; first met Dr. Johnson, c. 1766: assistant-preacher at the Temple, London; rector of Mount Temple, co. Westmeath, 1775-1808: copied Dr. Johnson's appearance and manner; furnished Boswell with collectanea.

[130] Sir William Edward Maxwell (1846–1837). governor of the Gold Coast: son of Sir Peter Benson Maxwell; educated at Repton: qualified at local bar in Singapore and Penang, 1867: awistant resident of Perak and member of state council, 1K78; barrister, Inner Temple, 1881; C.M.G., 1884: British resident of Sdangor. 1889; colonial secretary of Straits Settlements, 1892, and acting governor, 1893-5; governor of Gold Coast, 1895; K.C.M.G., 1896; died at sea.

[131] William Hamilton Maxwell (17W-18*O), Irish novelist; graduate. Trinity College, Dublin; served in Peninsular campaign and at Waterloo; rector of Ballagh, 1820-14; originated a rollicking style of fiction, culminated in Lever.

[132] Sir William Stirling Maxwell, ninth baronet (1818-1878).

[133] Winifred Maxwell, Countess of Nithsdale (d. 1749). daughter of William Herbert, Bret marquis of Fowls: married William Maxwell, fifth earl of Nithsdale , 1699; fruitlessly petitioned George I (1716) for the life of her husband, who had been sentenced to death for his share in the rebellion of 1715: enabled him to escape from the Tower of London, 17 16, and joined him at Borne; wrote a narrative of his escape, first published in the Transactions of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland vol. L.

[134] Mrs Margaret Maxwell-Inglis (1774–1843). See Inglis.

[135] Baptist May (1629–1698), keeper of the privy purse to Charles II; registrar in chancery court, 1660; keeper of the privy purse, 1665; M.P., Midhurst, 1670; clerk of the works at Windsor Castle, 1671; with Lety and Evelyn recommended Grinling Gibbons to Charles II, 1671; M.P., Thetford, 1690.

[136] George Augustus Chichester May (1815-1892), Irish judge; of Shrewsbury School and Magdalene College, Cambridge: M.A., 1841: fellow; called to Irish bar, 1844; Q.C., 1865; legal adviser at Dublin Castle, 1874; attorney-general, 1875; lord chief- justice of Ireland and privy councillor, 1877; president of the queen's bench division, 1878, retaining title of lord chief-justice of Ireland; withdrew from presiding at Parnell's trial on being accused of partiality, 1881; resigned, 1887.

[137] Sir Humphrey May (1673–1630), statesman; of St. John's College, Oxford, and the Middle Temple; B.A 1692; groom of the king's privy chamber, 1604; M.P., Beeralston, 1606-11, Westminster, 1614, Lancaster, 1621-2, Leicester, 1624-6, Lancaster, 1625, and Leicester, 1626 and 1628-9; pensioned and knighted, 1613; surveyor of the court of wards, 1618; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1618; privy councillor, 1625: defended Charles and Buckingham in the House of Commons against the attacks of the opposition; attempted to rescue Speaker Finch from violence, 1629.

[138] John May (d. 1598), bishop of Carlisle; brother of William May; fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1550; M.A., 1553; master of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, 1559; held various rectories; canon of Ely, 1564-82; Lent preacher at court, 1566; archdeacon of East Riding of Yorkshire, 1569; vice-chancellor of Cambridge, 1570: bishop of Carlisle, 1577.

[139] John May (fl. 1613) economic writer; deputy aulnager, c. 1606; published (1613) an account of the means by which woollen manufacturers evaded the statutes.

[140] Thomas May (1596–1660), author; B.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1612; admitted to Gray's Inn, 1615; prevented by defective utterance from practising law; unsuccessful as a playwright; his translations of the classics praised by Ben Jonson; wrote two narrative poems, one on Henry II, 13, the other on Edward III, 1635, by the king's command; unsuccessful candidate for laureateship, 1637; adopted parliamentary cause; secretary for the parliament, 1646; his History of the Long Parliament (1647) considered by Chatham 'honester and more instructive than Clarendon's'.

[141] Sir Thomas Erskine May , first Baron Farnborouqh (1815-1886) constitutional jurist; assistant librarian of the House of Commons, 1831; barrister, Middle Temple, 1838; examiner of petition-* for private bills and taxin*-mUT for both houses of parlisimrnt, 1S47-56; Sikrf the Houw of Commons, 1871 -*;: K.r.B.,1866; president of the Statute Law Rev i- ion ( ommittee, 1866-84; privy oouncillor, 1K86: created Baron Farnborough, 1886; Wrote historical works and on parliamentary procedure.

[142] William May, Mey, or Meye (d. 1560), archbishop-elect of York; brother of John May (d. 1598), bishop of Carlisle; LL.D. Cambridge, 1631; fellow of Trinity Hall; energetically supported the Reformation chancellor of Ely, 1582; vicar-general of Ely, 1583: signed the Ten Articles, 1536: assisted in the Institution of Christian Man 1537: president of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1537: prebendary of Ely, 1541; prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1545; saved the Cambridge colleges from dissolution by his favourable report, 1546; dean of St Paul's, 1546; a prominent ecclesiastic in Edward VI's reign; dispossessed on Queen Mary's, restored on Queen Elizabeth's, accession: died on the day of his election to the archbishopric of York.

[143] Sir Samuel Mayart (d. 1660?), Irish judge; appointed justice of Irish common pleas, having offered 300l. to anyone who should procure him the office, 1625; knighted, 1631: wrote on constitutional relations between England and Ireland, 1643.

[144] Richard Maydestone (rf. 1396). See Maidstone.

[145] John Mayer (1583–1664), biblical commentator: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 16U5; D.D., 1627; published a biblical commentary, 1627-69, and other theological works.

[146] Joseph Mayer (1803–1886), antiquary and collector; first studied Greek coins; sold his cabinet of Greek coins to the French government, 1844; presented his collection, which included Egyptian antiquities and Saxon remains (valued at 80,0001.), to the corporation of Liverpool, 1867; purchased some spurious papyri of the scriptures from Simonides (published, 1861); acquired many thonsands of drawings, engravings, and autograph letters on the history of art in England, including the collections of William Upcott and Thomas Dodd ; founded the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire; president, 1866-9; established a free library at Bebington, 1866.

[147] Samuel Ralph Townshend Mayer (1840–1880), miscellaneous writer: secretary of the Free and Open Church Association, 1866-72: one of the founders of the Junior Conservative Club, 1870; editor of various magazines.

[148] Sir Theodore Turquet de Mayerne (1573–1655), physician: M.D. Montpellier, 1597; royal district physician at Paris, 1600; his treatise on chemical remedies condemned by the College of Physicians at Paris, 1603; came to England, 1603; physician to James I's queen; returned to Paris, but after 1611 resided entirely in England, attending the royal family and nobility; knighted, 1634: made chemical and physical experiments; drew up a series of precautions against plague, 1644; wrote an historically valuable account of the typhoid fever, of which Prince Henry died, 1612; twenty-three volumes of his notes on cases in the British Museum,

[149] William Frederick Mayers (1831–1878), Chinese scholar; went to China as student-interpreter, 1859; secretary of legation at Pekin, 1872; F.R.G.8., 1861; F.R.A.S, 1861; wrote on Chinese subjects.

[150] Augustus Septimus Mayhew (1826–1875), author; brother of Henry Mayhew and Horace Mayhew; wrote popular fiction with his brother Henry Maybew; with Henry Sutherland Edwards wrote six playi.

[151] Edward Mayhew (1670–1626). See Maihew.

[152] Henry Mayhew (1812–1887), author : brother of Augustus Septimus Mayhew and Horace Mayhew ; educated at Westminster: started Figaro in London,* 1881-9; collaborated with Augustus Septimus Maybew; an originator of * Punch 1841; started philanthropic jniiriiallrai on the subject of the London poor, 1862; published German Life and Manners in Saxony 1864, humorous work*, and plays,

[153] Horace Mayhew (1816–1872), author: brother of Augustus Septimus Mayhew and Henry May hew : wrote farces and tales; contributed to Gruikshank'sTable-book 1845, andLloyd's Weekly News 1852; sub-editor, ofPunch many of his books illustrated by Cruikshank.

[154] Henry de Maymysfeld (d. 1328). See Maunsfield.

[155] Edward Maynard (1654–1740), antiquary: fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1678-94; M.A., 1677; D.D., 1691; canon and precentor of Lichfleld, 1700; edited Dugdale's History of St. Paul's Cathedral 1716.

[156] John Maynard (fl. 1611), lutenist; one of the first to use the lyra-viol; wrote The Twelve Wonder(songs), 1611.

[157] Sir John Maynard (1592–1658), courtier, presbyterian, and royalist; entered the Inner Temple, 1610: partisan of Buckingham; M.P., Ohippenham, 1624; K.B. and servant of the privy chamber, 1625; M.P., Oalne, 1628; raised troops in Surrey for parliament, 1642; M.P., Lostwithiel, 1647; leader of the presbyterian party and charged with disaffection by Fairfax, 1647; readmitted to the house and placed on the committee of safety, 1647; committed to the Tower and impeached, 1648: protested against the Lordsjurisdiction over the Commons, 1648; resumed his seat, 1648.

[158] John Maynard (1600–1665), divine ; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1620; M.A. Magdalen Hall, 1622; incumbent of Mayfield, 1624; became a puritan; chosen one of the Westminster Assembly; preached before the Long parliament, 1644, 1646, and 1648; Sussex commissioner for ejecting scandalous ministers and schoolmasters, 1654; ejected, 1662; published sermons.

[159] Sir John Maynard (1602–1690), judge ; barrister, Middle Temple, 1626; M.P., Totnes, in Short and Long parliaments; framed Strafford's impeachment; deputylieutenant of militia under parliament, 1642; member of the Westminster Assembly; advocated abolition of feudal wardships; protested against the king's deposition, 1648; i serjeant-at-law, 1664; imprisoned for hinting Cromwell's 1 government a usurpation, 1655; M.P., Plymouth, 1656-8; Protector's Serjeant, 1658; solicitor-general on Richard Cromwell's accession: one of the first Serjeants called at the Restoration; king's Serjeant and knighted, 1660; appeared for the crown at most of the state trials at the Restoration, and at most of the popish plot prosecutions; M.P., Plymouth, in the convention, 1689; lord commissioner of the great seal, 1689: left such an obscure will that a private act of parliament was passed, 1694, to settle the disputes to which it gave rise; his legal manuscript collections preserved in Lincoln's Inn Library.

[160] Walter Maynard (pseudonym) (1828–1894). See Thomas Willert Beale.

[161] Cuthbert Mayne (d. 1577), first seminary priest executed in England; chaplain of St. John's College, Oxford; M.A., 1570: went to Douay, 1573; ordained Roman catholic priest, 1575; chaplain to Francis Tregian, 1576; discovered and imprisoned, 1577; executed.

[162] Jasper Mayne (1604–1672), archdeacon of Chichester and dramatist; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1627; M.A., 1631; D.D., 1646; wrote City Match (comedy), 1639. and The Amorous War (tragi-comedy), 1648; in middle life abandoned poetry and (1639) became rector of Oassington; preached before Charles I at Oxford and wrote controversial pamphlets: ejected from hU studentship and from Oassington, but made rector of Pyrton, 1648; ejected from Pyrton, 1656; reinstated in his benefices at the Restoration and appointed canon of Christ Church, Oxford, archdeacon of Ohichester, and chaplain in ordinary to the king.

[163] John Mayne (1769–1836), Scottish poet ; printer ; subsequently proprietor and joint-editor of theStar*; wrote poems for magazines; praised by Scott and Burns.

[164] Perry Mayne (1700?–1761), vice-admiral: entered navy, 1712: captain, 1725; present at reduction of Portobello, 1739; unsuccessfully attacked Cartagena, 1741; rear-admiral, 1746; presided at the trials of Vice admiral Richard Lestock, 1747, ami Admiral Thomas Mathews; vice-admiral, 1747.

[165] Sir Richard Mayne (1796–1868), police commission. -r: I. A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1H18; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1821; barrister, Lincoln's I, m, 1 vj-j to institute metropolitan police, Ihr.u; K.C.B., 1861.

[166] Richard Charles Mayne (1835–1892 ),admiil ; educated at Eton: entered navy, 1847; commanded survey expedition to the Strait* of Magellan, 1866-9, the a of which be published, 1871; rear-admiral, 1879: C.B., 1879; vice-admiral, 1885; M.P., Pembroke and Haverfordwest, 1886.

[167] Simon Mayne (1612–1661), regicide: student at Inner Temple, 1630; MJP., Aylesbury, 1645; judge at diaries I's trial, signing the warrant; attainted, 1660; died in the Tower of London.

[168] William Mayne (1818–1865), colonel and brigadier of the Hyderabad contingent; ensign in Bast India Company's service, 1837: lieutenant, 1841: distinguished himself at Julgar, 1840, Jellalahad, and Istiliff, 1842; suppressed disturbances in the Deccan, 1851-4; brevet-colonel and aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria, 1854.

[169] Zachary Mayne (1631–1694), religious writer; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1652; M.A., 1654; convened before the vice-chancellor for a sermon preached in St. Mary's Church, Oxford, 1660: expelled from his fellowship, 1660; schoolmaster at Dalwood, 1671-90; master of Exeter grammar school, 1690-4: publishal religious treatises.

[170] Arthur Maynwabing (1668–1712). See Mainwaring.

[171] Everard Maynwaring (1628–1699?), medical writer; M.B. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1652; visited America; M J. Dublin, 1655; began to practise in London 1663; condemned violent purgatives and bloodletting; had charge of Middlesex pest-house during the plague, 1665; published medical works.

[172] Mayo, sixth Earl of (1822–1872). See Richard Southwell Bourke.

[173] Charles Mayo (1750–1829), historian; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1774: B.O.L., 1779; incumbent of Huish, 1775, Beechingstoke, 1779; wrote a European, 1793, and a universal, history, 1804; founded two scholarships at Oxford.

[174] Charles Mayo (1792–1846), educational reformer : of Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, and St. John's College, Oxford; D.C.L., 1822; head-master of Bridgnorth grammar school, 1817-19; English chaplain to Peetalozzi's establishment at Yverdun, 1819; introduced Pestalozzi's system at Epsom, 1822, and at Cheam, 1826: published school-books and Memoirs of Pestalozzi 1828.

[175] Charles Mayo (1767–1858), professor of AngloSaxon at Oxford: son of Herbert Mayo ( 1720-1802); of Merchant TaylorsSchool, London: fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, 1788: M.A., 1793; professor of Anglo-Saxon, 1795-1800: B.D., 1796; Whitehall preacher, 1799: F.S.A., 1820; F.R.S., 1827.

[176] Charles Mayo (1837–1877), army surgeon; of Winchester School; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1856; M.A., 1863; M.D., 1871; M.R.C.S., 1861: L.R.C.P., 1869: university coroner, 1865-9; in medical service corps under Grant, 1862; with the German army, 1870: with the Dutch in Sumatra, 1873-4: published History of Wimhorue Minster 1860; died at sea.

[177] Daniel Mayo (1672?–1733), presbyterian minister; son of Richard Mayo; educated at Glasgow (M.A.) and Leyden; presbyteriau minister at Kingstonon-Thames, where he kept a school, 1698; presbyterian pastor in London: published sermons.

[178] Elizabeth Mayo (1793–1865), educational reformer; with her brother, Charles Mayo (1792-184) , at Epsom and Cheam; published school-books.

[179] Herbert Mayo (1720-1802), divine.

[180] Paggen William Mayo (1766–1838), physician : medical fellow, ege, Oxford, 1792: M.D.. 1795; physician

[181] Henry Mayo ( 1783–1793 dissenting minister' pastor of independent church, Wapping, 1762; D.D. and LL.D.; acquainted with Dr. Johnson, and known as toe 'Literary

[182] Herbert Mayo (1720–1802), divine; fellow of Bnsenose College, Oxford, 1740; M.A.. 1745; D.D., 1763; rector of Middleton Cheney. 1764, of St. OeorgVs, London, 1764-1802; J.P. for Middlesex. xxxv,

[183] Herbert Mayo (1796–1852), physiologist: son of John Mayo; pupil of Sir Charlen Bell, 1812-15; M.D. Leyden: M.U.O.S.. 1819; dUcovered the real function of the nerves of the face, 1822; surgeon of Middlesex Hospital, 1827-42; professor of anatomy and surgery to Royal College of Surgeons, 1828-9; F.BA, 1828; professor of anatomy at King's College, London. 1830-6; F.G.S., 1832; founded medical school at the Middlesex Hospital, 1836; physician to hydropathic establishment at Boppart, 1848, afterwards at Bad Weilbach; published medical works.

[184] John Mayo (1761–1818), physician ; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1784: M.A., 1788; M.D., 1788; F.R.C.P., 1788; censor, 1790, 1795, 1804, and 1808; Harveian orator, 1795; physician to Foundling Hospital, London, 1787-1809, Middlesex Hospital, 1788-1803; physician in ordinary to Caroline, princess of Wales,

[185] Paggen William Mayo (1766–1836), ; son of Herbert St. John's College,* Oxford, to Middlesex Hospital, 1793-1801; F.R.C.P., 17 1797; Gulstonian lecturer, 1798; Harveian orator, 1807.

[186] Richard Mayo (1631?–1695), ejected divine; vicar of Kingston-on-Thames, 1648; ejected, 1662: presbyterian minister in London; merchants lecturer, 1694; published theological works.

[187] Thomas Mayo (1790–1871), president of the Royal College of Physicians; son of John Mayo; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1813; M.A.. 1814: M.D., 1818; F.R.C.P., 1819: censor, 1836, 1839, 1850; F.R.S M 1835; Lumleian lecturer, 1839, 1842: physician to Marylebone Infirmary, 1841: Harveian orator, 1841: Croonian lecturer, 1853; president, R.C.P., 1857-62; wrote on mental diseases.

[188] John Mayow, Mayouwe or Mayo (1640-1679), physiologist and chemist: fellow of All Souls, Oxford, 1660: D.C.L., 1670; pubUsbed tract on respiration, 1668 (repnbhshed at Leyden, 1671), in which he discovered the double articulation of the ribs with the spine, and put forward views (still discussed) on the internal intercostals, developed in Tractatus quinque 1674 (translated into French, German, and Dutch): iicussed the chemistry of combustion, and described muscular action; F.R., 1678.

[189] Count Joseph Mazzinghi (1765–1844), composer; pupil of John Christian Bach, Bertolini, Sacchiui, and Anfossi; organist at the Portuguese Chapel, London, 1775: composer and director of music at the Italian opera, 1785-92; arranged Carl ton House and Nobility concerto, 1791: partner in Goulding, D'Almaine & Co., 1790: composed stage pieces, pianoforte sonatas, and other works.

[190] Joseph Mead or Mede (1586–1638). biblical scholar; M.A. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1610: fellow, 1613; appointed to the Greek lectureship, 1619; philologist, historian, mathematician, and physicist: botanist and practical anatomist: studied astrology, egyptology, and the origin of Semitic religions; chief work, Clavis Apocalyptica 1627.

[191] Matthew Mead or Meade (1630?–1699), independent divine; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1649-51; contested the rectorship of Great Brickhill 1653; appointed by Cromwell to St. Paul's, Shadwell, 1658; ejected, 1662; went to Holland, 1664: in London during the plague, 1665; minister at Stepney, 16,1; guardian of James Peirce, the Exeter heretic, 1680; suspected of complicity in the Rye House plot, but discharged, 1683; assisted in amalgamation of the presbyteriSTand congregatlonallst bodies, 1690; published sermons.

[192] Richard Mead (1673-1754), physician: son of Matthew Mead; educated at Utrecht under Graevius, and at Leyden under Paul Herman and Archibald Pitcairne; travelled in Italy, 1695: M.D. Padua, 1696; began practice at Stepney, 1696: published * Mechanical Account of Poisons (an account of venomous snakes), 1702: F.R.S., 1703: physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1708-15: published a treatise on the influence of the son and moon on human bodies, 1704; on the council of the Royal Society, 1705 and 1707-54; vicepresident, 1717: M.D. Oxford, 1707; F.R.C.P., 1716: censor, 1716, 1719, and 1724; anatomy lecturer to the Barber-Surgeons, 1711-15: collected objects of vertu: procured the release of Dr. Freind from the Tower; attended Sir Isaac Newton. Bishop Burnet, George L and Sir Robert Walpole; friend of Richard Bentley (1669-1743): drew up a statement concerning the prevention of the plague, 1720; successfully inoculated seven condemned criminals, 1721; Harveiau orator, 1723; physician to George II, 1727; financially assisted various literary projects.

[193] Robert Mead (1616–1653), poet: contributed, while at Westminster School, to Oowley's Poetical Biossomes 1633: aa an undergraduate of Christ Church, Oxford, wrote a comedy,The Combat of Love and Friendship: contributed toJonsouus Virbius 1638: M.A., 1641: royalist captain at the siege of Oxford and assault on Abingdon, 1646; Charles II's envoy to Sweden, 1649-51,

[194] William Mead (1628–1713), quaker: originally captain of a train-band: joined the quakers, 1670: imprisoned with William Penn, 1670: jury committed to Newgate for acquitting him and Penn, 1670; wrote in defence of the quakers.

[195] John Meade (1672–1653). See Almeida.

[196] Richard Charles Francis Christian Meade , third Earl of Clanwilliam (Irish peerage) and first Baron Clanwilliam (peerage of United Kingdom) (1795–1879), educated at Eton; succeeded to earldom, 1805; attended Lord Castlereagh at Vienna congress, 1814; Castlereagh's private secretary, 1817-19; foreign under-secretary, 1822; with Wellington at Verona congress, 1822; minister at Berlin, 1823-7; G.C.H., 1826; created Baron Clanwilliam, 1828.

[197] Sir Robert Henry Meade (1835–1898), civil servant; second son of Richard Charles Francis Meade, third earl of Clanwilliam; of Eton and Exeter College, Oxford; M.A., I860: entered foreign office, 1859; accompanied Prince of Wales (now Edward VII) on tour in Palestine and Eastern Europe, 1861-2; groom of bedchamber to Prince of Wales (now Edward VII), 1862; private secretary to Earl Granville as president of council, 1864-6, and in colonial office, 1868: assistant undersecretary of state in colonial office. 1871-92, and permanent under-secretary, 1892-6: G.O.B., 1897.

[198] George Wilson Meadley (1774–1818), biographer; banker's apprentice, 1788-93; founded Sunderlanu subscription library, 1795; met Paley, whose Memoirs he wrote, 1809: made mercantile voyages to the Levant, 1796, to Danzig, 1801, and to Hamburg, 1803; became a Unitarian; published biographies of Algernon Sidney, 1813, and others.

[199] Lords Meadowbank . See MACONOCHIE, ALLAN, 1748-1816; MACONOCHIE, afterwards MACONOCHIE-WELWOOD, ALWAXDER, 1777-1861.

[200] Richard Meadowcourt (1695–1760), divine and author; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1718: M.A., 1718; controversy caused by his sermon on calumny in religious polemics, 1722; vicar of Oakley, 1727; canon of Worcester, 1734; incumbent of Quinton, 1738, of Lindridge, 1761; published Critique on Paradise Regained 1732, and similar works.

[201] John Meadowe (1622–1697). See Meadows.

[202] Alfred Meadows (1833–1887), obstetric physician; entered King's College medical school, 1853; M.D. London, 1868: F.R.C.P., 1873: house-physician, 1856 and assistant-physician, 1860, at King's College Hospital, London; physician to Hospital for Women, Soho Square London, 1863-74; physician accoucheur and lecturer to St. Mary's Hospital, London, 1871-87; first president of British Gynaecological" Society, 1884; his Manual of Midwifery (3rd edit. 1876), translated into Japanese.

[203] Drinkwater Meadows (1799–1869). actor; acted at Covent Garden, 1821-44; at the Lyceum, London, under the Keeley management, 1844-7; joined Kean and Keeley in the management of the Princess's, London, where he remained under Harris until his retirement, 1862; most successful in eccentric comedy.

[204] John Meadows or Meadowe (1622–1697), ejected minister; fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1644; M.A., 1646; rector of Ousden, 1653; ejected, 1662; licensed as a presbyterian, 1672.

[205] John Meadows (1676–1757), divine ; son of John Meadows (1622-1697); presbyterian minister at Needham Market, 1701; published * Apostolic Rule of Ordination 1738.

[206] Joseph Kenny Meadows (1790–1874 ), draughtsman; produced an illustrated edition of Shakespeare, 1839-43; exhibited occasionally at the Royal Academy andthe Society of British Artists; received civil list pension, 1864.

[207] Sir Philip Meadows , the elder (1626–1718), diplomatist; M.A. QueensCollege, Cambridge; appointed Latin secretary to Cromwell's council to relieve Milton, 1653; represented Cromwell at Lisbon, 1656; envoy to Frederick III of Denmark at the treaty of Roskild, 1658; knighted, 1658; ambassador to Sweden, 1658; published in retirement an account of the wars between Sweden and Denmark, 1675, also a book on naval supremacy and marine jurisdiction, 1689; commissioner of public accounts, 1692; member of the council of trade, 1696; commissioner of trade, 1708.

[208] Sir Philip Meadows , the younger (d. 1757), son of Sir Philip Meadows the elder; commissioner of excise, 1698-1700: knight-marshal of the king's household and knighted, 1700; envoy to Holland, 1706: sent on a mission to the emperor, 1707: controller of army accounts, 1707.

[209] Leonard Meager (1624?–1704?), gardener ; published English Gardener 1670 (llth edit. c. 1710).

[210] Thaddeus de Meagher, or Thaddee (1670-1765), soldier of fortune; left Ireland and served in the French army; chamberlain to Frederick Augustus II, king of Poland and elector of Saxony, 1739; lieutenantgeneral in the Polish army, 1752; despatched to negotiate with Frederick the Great, 1756 died at Dresden.

[211] Thomas Francis Meagher (1823–1867), Irish nationalist; studied at Dublin for the bar, 1844; made a brilliant speech against peace with England, 1846, which led Thackeray to dub him * Meagher of the Sword; founded the Irish Confederation, 1847; arrested for sedition, 1848; found guilty of high treason for endeavouring to raise an insurrection in Ireland, 1848; transported to Van Diemen's Land, 1849: escaped to America, 1852; admitted to the New York bar, 1855; founded the Citizen 1854, andIrish News 1856; volunteer in the civil war, becoming brigadier-general, 1862; secretary of Montana territory, 1866; temporary governor, 1866; drowned in the Missouri.,

[212] Joseph Calrow Means (1801–1879), general baptist minister; on general baptist assembly committee, 1823; entered University College, London, 1828: afternoon preacher at Worship Street, London, 1829-39; secretary to general baptist assembly, 1831: edited 'General Baptist Advocate 1831-6; minister at Chatham, ! 1843-55; headmaster of Chatham proprietary school: returned to Worship Street, London, 1855.

[213] Dermod Meara or Dermitius (fl. 1610), author and physician; studied at Oxford; physician in Ireland; published Latin poem on the Earl of Ormonde, 1615, and treatise on hereditary diseases, 1619.

[214] Edmund Meara or O'Meara (d. 1680), physician; son of Dermod Meara; M.D. Rheims, 1636; honorary F.R.c.P., 1664: defended in his Examen 1665, Thomas Willis (1621-1675), and was attacked by Richard Lower (1631-1691)

[215] John Meares (1756?–1809), naval commander and voyager: entered navy, 1771; lieutenant, 177* India, 1783; formed a company for trading with Northwest America, and (1786) explored Prince William Sound; olitaint-d promise of monopoly of Nootka M in I tr.i.Ir, 1788; returned to India, 1788, leaving at Nootka Sound the Iphitfcuia, which was seized by the Spaniard-: appealed to government, 1790, war being only avt-rtiil i.y Spain acceding to the British demand*; his account- of hU voyages disputed by George Dixon (d. 1800?) q. v..

[216] Duncan Mearns (1779–1852), professor of theology; M.A. Aberdeen, 1795; minister of Tarvea, 1799; professor of divinity, Aberdeen, 1816; moderator of the general assembly, 1821; one of George IV's chaplains for Scotland, 1S23.

[217] John Mears or Mairs (1695?–1767), Irish presbyterian divine; studied divinity, Glasgow; M.A., 1713: licensed to Newtownards, 1730; non-subscriber; formed a separate congregation, 1723; minister at Clonmel, 1735174i, at Stafford Street, Dublin, 1740-67; his Catechism 1732, long in use.

[218] William Mears (fl. 1722), publisher : foreman of the Stationers Company, 1707; issued in 1722 editions of Holinshed, Defoe's Moll Flanders (3rd edit.) and Ludlow 1 - Memoirs; imprisoned for publishingPhilosophical Dissertation on Death by de Paaaereau and Morgan, 1732; mentioned in the Duuciad

[219] Lords of Meath . See LACY, HUGH DE, first Lord (d. 1186 ; LACY, WALTER, second LORD,;!. 1241.

[220] John Joseph Mechi (1802–1880), agriculturist: clerk in the Newfoundland trade, 1818; cutler: made a fortune by his magic razor strop: purchased a farm, 1841; effected improvements in agriculture: sheriff of London, 1856; alderman, 1857; published agricultural works.

[221] Matthew Medbourne (d. 1679), actor and dramatist; of the Duke's Theatre company; imprisoned on Oates's information, 1678; wrote and translated plays.

[222] Joseph Mede (1586–1638). See Mead.

[223] George Medhurst (1769–1827), projector of the atmospheric railway: clockmaker; subsequently engineer; patented windmill for compressing air, 1799, Aeolian engine 1800, and compound crank, 1801: machinist and ironfounder in London; invented balance scales; suggested pneumatic dispatch for conveying letters and goods in tubes by compressed air, 1810: extended his suggestion to passengers, 1812, developing it into a project for a carriage on rails in the open air, 1827.

[224] Walter Henry Medhurst (1796–1867), missionary, of St. Paul's School, London: went to China as missionary printer, 1816: learnt Malay and Chinese: ordained, 1819: translated the bible into Chinese, and published English and Japanese (1830) and Chinese and English (1842-3) dictionaries.

[225] Sir Walter Henry Medhurst (1822–1886), British consul in China; son of Walter Henry Medhurst; entered office of Chinese secretary, 1840: sent to Hong Kong, 1841; present at Amoy and Chusan (gainIng medal), 1841; consular interpreter at Shanghai, 1843: vice-consul at Amoy and (1864) at Foo-chow-foo. also at Tang-chow and Shanghai; mentioned in war despatches, 1861; consul at Hankow, 1864; defended British treaty rights, 1868; removed to Shanghai, 1868-77: knighted, 1877: promoted formation of British North Borneo Company, 1881.

[226] John Medina (1721–1796), painter; grandson of Sir John Baptist Medina; restored the Holyrood pictures; made copies of the Ailsa portrait of Mary Queen of Scots; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1772 and 1773.

[227] Sir John Baptist Medina (1659–1710), portrait painter; born at Brussels; went to Scotland, 1688, where he was known as the Kneller of the North; last knight made in Scotland before the union, 1707.

[228] Thomas Medland (d. 1833), engraver and draughtsman: drawing-master at Haileybury College, iwiti: exhibited at Royal Academy; illustrated various works.

[229] Henryy Medley . 1747), vice-admiral : entered navy, 1703; lieutenant, 1710; captain, 17X0; rear-admiral of the white, 1744; vice-admiral, 1746; commander-ln iiii-i in the Mediterranean, 1746; vice-admiral of the red,

[230] John Medley (1804–1892), first bishop of Fredericton, New Brunswick; M.A., Wadham College, Oxford, 1830; vicar of St. John's, Truro, 18S1; prebendary of Exeter, 1842: D.D., 1846; bishop of Predericton, 1(M6; metropolitan of Canada, 1879; hou. LL.D. Cambridge and D.D. Durham, 1888; published theological works.

[231] Samuel Medley (1738–1799), baptist minister and hymn-writer; wounded off Cape Lagos and discharged from the navy, 1769; schoolmaster, 1762-4; baptist minister at Watford, 1767, at Byrom Liverpool, 1772; worked among the seamen; hymns and devotional works.

[232] Samuel Medley (1769–1857), painter; son of Samuel Medley (1738-1799); painted portraits, 1792-1805: assisted in founding University College, London, 1826.

[233] Sir William Medows (1718–1811), general; grandson of Sir Philip Meadows (d. 1767); entered the army, 1766; served in Germany, 1760-4: lieutenant-colonel, 1764: distinguished himself at Brandy wine, 1776, and against Santa Lucia, 1778; colonel, 1780; sent to Cape of Good Hope, 1781; commander-in-chief and governor of Bombay, 1788; led unsuccessful campaign against Tippoo, sultan of Mysore, 1790: distinguished himself at Nandidrug, 1791, and Seringapatam, 1792: K.B., 1792; lieutenant-general, 1793; general and governor of the Isle of Wight, 1798; commander-in-chief in Ireland, 1801.

[234] Henry Medwall (fl. 1486), writer of interludes : chaplain to Morton, archbishop of Canterbury; his extant interlude,Nature(printed, -. 1516), performed before Morton in Henry VIl's reign.

[235] Thomas Medwin (1788–1869), biographer of Shelley and author of Conversations of Lord Byron; lieutenant, 24th dragoon guards, 1813; served in India; introduced by his cousin Shelley to Byron at Pisa, 1821; took notes of his conversation, which he published on Byron's death, 1824; expanded his memoir of Shelley, Issued in Shelley Papers (1833), Into a life, 1847.

[236] Lord Medwyn (1776–1864). See John Hay Forbes.

[237] Anne Mee (1775?-1851), miniature-painter; eldest child of John Foldsone; received much royal and aristocratic patronage; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1815-37.

[238] Charles Patrick Meehan (1812–1890), author and translator; educated at Ballymahon and Rome: Roman catholic curate of Rathdrum, 1834; member of Royal Irish Academy; published translations and historical compilations in connection with Irish Roman catholic subjects.

[239] Sir James Meek (1778–1866), public servant; entered commissariat department, 1798; collected supplies for Egyptian expedition, 1800: comptroller of the victualling and transport services, 1830; collected information (1841) for Peel's free-trade measures; knighted, 1851.

[240] Mrs Mary Meeke (d. 1816?), novelist; published novels, from 1796, in her own name and under the pseudonym Gabrielli

[241] Henry Meen (d. 1817), classical scholar; fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.A. 1769; B.D., 1776; minor canon of St. Paul's, London, 1792: prebendary of St. Paul's, London, 1796: publishedRemarks on the Cassandra of Lycophron 1800.

[242] Alfred Meeson (1808–1886), architect and surveyor; superintended construction of houses of parliament under Sir Charles Barry, 1842, and other public buildings.

[243] Edward Meetkerke (1590–1657), divine; of Westminster School; student and tutor of Christ Church, Oxford, 1610; M.A., 1613 (incorporated at Cambridge, 1617): wrote poem- in D.D., 1625; deprived of hi* stall Hebrew and Latin.

[244] John Meggot (1714-1789). See Elwes.

[245] Christopher Meidel (fl. 1687-1708), Quaker; of Norwegian birth; chaplain to Prince George of Denmark in England, 1683; minister of Danish congregation, 1687; joined qoakers, 1699: accompanied Claridge, preaching in Herefordshire and Buckinghamshire, 1705; imprisoned 1706; visited Holstein; arrested in France, 1708; published Danish translations of quaker books.

[246] Meigant, Maugantius, Meugan, or Meugant (fl. 6th cent), Welsh saint or druid: presi.leut of the ootaJofSLllityd at Llantwit: subsequently moved to tbewUblishmeut of St. Dubrioiu-.

[247] Andrew Meikle (1719–1811), millwright and in oflbe thrashing-machine; millwright near Dunbar: patented machine tor dressing grain, 1768; unrul with first tbrashlng-inachine, 1778: invented thrashing-machine, 1784: manufactured thrashmg17W: iobacription rained for his J'JJfff

[248] George Meikle (d. 1811), millwright; son of : invented a water-raising wheel, ne MOM, 1787. of Hull 1643: captured Gainsborough, Cawopi nd t he fort of Aimmouth, 1643; forced to. disMM capitulation tit Newark by Rupert 1644; wounded at Scarborough.

[249] Melfort first Earl and titular Duke of (1649-1714). See John Drummond.

[250] Pius Melia (1800–1883), Roman catholic divine; professor of literature in the jesuitecollege, Rome; misSSfS England, 1848; almoner of the Italian BenevoJen? Society, 1862; published doctrinal "o*..

[251] William of Meliton, Militon, or Milton (d 1261), Franciscan; fifth master of the Friars Minors, Cambridge, 1260; D.D.: finished Alexander of Hales's Summa Theologiae 1252; died in Paris; his commentaries extant among the National Library manuscripts, Paris.

[252] Davis Mell (ft. 1650), violinist; musician to Charles I; considered the first violinist in England; entertained at Oxford, 1658; leader of Charles II's band, 1660: some of his compositions contained in Simpson's 'Division Violin 1684.

[253] Count of Mellent (1104–1166). See Waleran de Beaumont.

[254] John Mellis (ft. 1588), mathematician ; Southwark schoolmaster; published works on arithmetic and book-keeping.

[255] Sir George Mellish (1814–1877), lord justice of appeal educated at Eton and University College, Oxford; M V 1839; honorary fellow, 1872; barrister, Inner Temple, 1848: Q.C., 1861; lord justice of appeal, 1870; knighted and privy councillor, 1870; hoin. D.C.L. Oxford, 1874.

[256] Mellitus (d. 624), first bishop of London and third archbishop of Canterbury; sent from Rome by Pope Gregory to reinforce Augustine, 601: consecrated bishop by Augustine, and sent to preach to the East Saxons; won the support of Ethclbert, king of Kent, who built St Paul's Church, London; attended a council at Rome, 610; brought back decrees and letters from the pope; banished, 616; returned to Kent, 617, on Eadbald's conversion; archbishop of Canterbury, 619-24.

[257] Alfred Mellon (1820–1867), musician; leading violinist of the Royal Italian Opera, London; musical director at the Haymarket and Adelphi Theatres; hia operaVictorineproduced at Oovent Garden, London, 1859.

[258] Harriot Mellon, Duchess of St. Albans (17777-1837), actress; first appeared, 1787; at Drury Lane, 1795-1815, playing an extensive round of characters: married Thomas Coutts, the banker, 1815, and after his death, William Aubrey de Vere, ninth duke of St. Albans, 1827.

[259] Sir John Mellor (1809–1887), judge ; barrister, Inner Temple, 1833; Q.C., 1851; recorder of Warwick, 1849-52, of Leicester, 1855-61: M.P., Great Yarmouth, 1857, Nottingham, 1869; justice of the queen's bench and knighted, 1861; tried the Fenians at Manchester, 1867, and Arthur Orton for perjury, 1873; privy councillor, 1879; published a life of Seldeu.

[260] Courtney Melmoth (1749–1814). See Samuel Jackson Pratt.

[261] William Melmoth, the elder (1666–1743), religious writer and lawyer: barrister, 1693; member of Lincoln's Inn, 1699; corresponded anonymously with Archbishop Tenison, 1705; bencher, 1719; treasurer (1730) of Lincoln's Inn; published anonymously the 'Great Importance of a Religious Life 1711, which was generally assigned to John Perceval, first earl of Egmont

[262] William Melmoth, the younger (1710–1799), author and commissioner of bankrupts; son of William Melmoth the elder: abandon. -d law, 1739: commissioner of bankrupts, 1756; derided by Dr. Johnson; : knighted, 1622: took part in Rocbelle expedi- knew Mrs. Thralc at Bath, 1780; wroteLetters on Uon and French war; patentee for erecting lighthouses 1 Several Subjects 1742, under the pseudonym Sir Thomas on north and tooth Foreland, 1636; wrote to the king I Fitzwlxmie; translated Pliny's Letters 1746, Cicero's justifying lilii conduct in joining tlw parliament: fought ! Ad Familiar** 1763, and De Penectute 1773. at KdgH.ill, 164J, and tin.- nicvo of Il.-a.ling, 1643: raised fxxxvii. 225}

[263] James Meikle (1730–1799), surgeon and devotional writer; passed at Surgeons Hall, London: second surgeon's mate to the Portland, 1768: present at Cape Lagos, tei flwt mate, 1759; obtained discharge, 1762; religious meditations.

[264] Mark Anthony Meilan (fl. 1812), miscellaneous writer: resigned situation in post-office: schoolmaster at Hoxton,177C; curate of St John, Wapplng, 1809; published dramatic works and religious books for children.

[265] Meilyr Brydydd (i.e. the poet) (d. 1140?), Welsh bard; chief bard of Gruffydd ab Cynan; once acted envoy; three poems by him preserved in Myvyrian Archaiology

[266] Mel (d. 487) Irish saint; nephew of St. Patrick ; founded aee of Ardagh, r. 464.

[267] Brian Melbancke (fl. 1583), euphuistic writer ; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1579; imitated Lyly's Euphues in Philotimus 1683; alludes to story of Romeo and Juliet as well known.

[268] Melbourne, Viscounts. See LAMB, WILLIAM, wcond VIHCOUXT, 1779-1848; LAMB, FRKTJKRICK JAMES, UAK-.S BKACVALK, third VISCOUNT, 1782-1863.

[269] Melcombe, first Baron ( 1691–1762). See George Bubb Doddington.

[270] Raphael Meldola (1764–1828), Jewish theologian: born at Leghorn; rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews in London, 1804; restored synagogue, 1824; endeavoured to maintain sanctity of Sabbath; wrote devotional books in Hebrew.

[271] George Meldrum (1636?–1709), rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen, and professor of divinity at Edinburgh; Aberdeen, 1668: M.A. Aberdeen; KMpenikd, 1662-1; elected rector of Marixchal College ten Umei; depriveii, 1681, for refusing the tent; minister of KUwinnin*. 1688, of Tron Chun-h, Edinburgh, 1692; moderator of the general amcmhly, 1698 and 1703; proteMor of divinity, Kilinburgh, 1702; published sermons and treatiM on church matters.

[272] Sir John Meldrum (d. 1645), soldier; assisted in plantation of Ulster, 1610-17; served in the Low Countries;

[273] Melrose, first Earl of (1563–1637). Sec Thomas Hamilton.

[274] Sir John Melton (d. 1640), politician and author ; read law; knighted, 1632; traded in saltpetre and coal; secretary to the council of the north, 1635; M.P, Newcaatle-ou-Tyue, 1610; published Sixefolde Politician 1609, and Astrologaster 1620.

[275] William de Melton (d. 1340), archbishop of York; held posts in the king's household; received ecclesiastical preferments; keeper of the privy seal, 1307; accompanied Edward II to France as secretary, 1308: commissioner to the Cinque Ports, 1312; archbishop of York, 1316; commissioner to treat with Scotland, 1318, 1321, and 1323; routed by the Scots at Myton-on-Swale Obaptour of Mytouu), 1319; treasurer of England, 1325-7; officiated at Edward Ill's marriage, 1328; acquitted of complicity in the Earl of Kent's plot, 1329; treasurer, 1330; empowered to open parliament at York, 1332; keeper of the great seal, 1333-4; asserted his right to bear the cross in the southern province,

[276] William de Melton (d. 1628), chancellor of York; M.A. Cambridge, 1479; D.D., 1496; master of Michaelhouse, Cambridge, 1495; chancellor of York, 1496; author ofSermo Exhortatorius published by Wynkyn de Worde, 1494; sometimes confounded with three namesakes.

[277] Robert de Melun (d. 1167).

[278] Henry Melvill (1798–1871), canon of St. Paul's Cathedral; sizar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1817; migrated to St. Peter's College, Cambridge; second wrangler, 1821; fellow and tutor, 1822-32; M.A., 1824; B.D., 1836; chaplain at the Tower of London, 1840; principal of Haileybury College, 1843-57; chaplain to Queen Victoria, 1853; canon of St. Paul's, 1856-71; rector of Barnes, 1863-71; published numerous sermons.

[279] Sir James Cosmo Melvill (1792–1861), brother of Henry Melvill; entered home service of East India Company, 1808, became financial secretary, 1834, and was chief secretary, 1836, till termination of company's existence as governing body, 1858; government director of Indian railways, 1858; F.R.S., 1841; K.O.B., 1853.

[280] Thomas Melvill (1726–1763), experimental philosopher; divinity student at Glasgow, 1748-9; read before Edinburgh Medical SocietyObservations on Light and Colours containing fundamental experiments in spectrum analysis, 1752, Ref tangibility of the Rays of Light* before Royal Society, 1753.

[281] Viscounts Melville . See DUNDAS, HENRY, first Viscount 1742–1811; DUNDAS, ROBERT SAUNDERS, second VISCOUNT, 1771-1851; DUNDAS, HENRY, third VISCOUNT, 1801-1876.

[282] Andrew Melville or Melvell (1545–1622), Scottish presbyterian leader and scholar; educated at Montrose grammar school under Pierre de Marsiliers, 1557-9, and St. Mary's College, St. Andrews; went to Paris, 1564; studied Greek, oriental languages, mathematics, and law; influenced by Peter Ramus; went to Poitiers, 1566: helped to defend Poitiers during the siege, 1568; professor of humanity, Geneva, 1568; met Beza, Joseph Scaliger, and Francis Hottomau; returned to Scotland, 1573; appointed head of Glasgow College, 1574; introduced an enlarged curriculum and established chairs in languages, science, philosophy, and divinity, confirmed by royal charter, 1577; assisted in the organisation of the Scottish church in the presbyterian mould, which was set forth in the * second book of discipline sanctioned, 1581; assisted in the reconstitution of Aberdeen University, 1675, and the re-formation of St. Andrews, 1679; became principal of St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, 1680, where he promoted the study of Aristotle, and created a taste for Greek letters; moderator of the general assembly at St. Andrews, 1582, at which the order for the excommunication of Montgomery (whom he prosecuted as a tulchan bishop) caused open war between the assembly and the court; his party placed in power by the raid of Ruthven 1582; charged with treason, 1584; escaped to England, and was well received in Oxford, Cambridge, and London; returned to Scotland on Arran's fall, 1585; effectul a compromise, 1586; rector of St. Andrews University, 1590; unsuccessfully claimed the right to sit in ! the assembly at Dundee, 1598, and at Montroae, 1600; I deprived of the rectorship in a visitation of M. Andrew*, 1 but made dean of the faculty of theology, 1199; protested on behalf of the leaden of a general assembly ootutitated at Aberdeen, 105, in defiance of the king summoned to London, 1606, where be made two uncompromising speeches on behalf of the freedom assemblies: confined in the lower for a bitter epigram on Anglican ritual, 1607; his release at last obtained, 1611, I iy Henri de la Tour, due de Bouillon, who wUhed him to ; become professor of biblical theology in the university of Sedan; wrote controversial prose works; ranked by laaac Walton next to Buchanan as a Latin poet: died at Sedan.

[283] Andrew Melville (1624–1706), soldier of fortune; studied languages at Königsberg; joined presbyterian troops, 1647; joined Charles II at Breda; escaped after Worcester (1661) to Holland; fought for France, Sweden, and Brandenburg; sent by the Duke of Celle to congratulate Charles II, 1660; appointed commandant of Gifhorn, 1677; published an autobiography, 1704; died at Gifhorn.

[284] David Melville , third Earl of Leven, second Earl of Melville (1660–1728), son of George Melville, first earl of Melville; military commander; became Earl of Leven, 1681; confidential agent to the Prince of Orange; raised regiment of Scottish refugees, 1688; distinguished himself at Killiecrankie (1689)aud in the Irish campaign; served in Flanders, 1692; major-general of the Scottish forces, 1703; master of ordnance, 1705; comma nder-iu-chief of the Scots forces, 1706; suppressed Jacobite rising, 1708; deprived of all offices by tory administration, 1712.

[285] Elizabeth Melville (Jl. 1603). See Colville.

[286] George Melville, fourth Baron and first Earl of Melville (1634?-1707), welcomed Charles II in London, 1660; joined Monmouth against the covenanters, 1679, and endeavoured to avoid a conflict; fled on discovery of the Rye House plot and joined the Prince of Orange, 1683; secretary of state for Scotland, 1689; commissioner to the parliament (1690) which established presbyterianism; trusted by the king to propitiate the presbyteriaus; created Earl of Melville, Viscount Kirki caldy, 1690: lord privy seal, 1691: president of the privy council and member of the committee for the security of ; the kingdom, 1696; deprived of his offices, 1702.

[287] Captain George John Whyte-Melville (1821-1878). See Whyte-Melville.

[288] James Melville or Melvill (1656–1614), Scottish reformer; nephew of Andrew Melville (1545-1622) ; educated at St. Andrews (B.A. St. Leonard's College, 1571) and Glasgow; professor of Hebrew and oriental languages at St. Mary's College, St. Andrews, 1580: seconded his uncle in his views on presbyterianism; fled to Berwick, 1584; prohibited from preaching; attacked ! Bishop Adamsou at the synod of Fife, 1586; ordained to a charge in Fifeshire, 1586; moderator of the general 1 assembly, 1589: presented petitions on ecclesiastical mat ters to James VI of Scotland, who sent him to collect subscriptions from the presbyterians to pay for the expedition against Bothwell; opposed James VI's proposal of a parliamentary vote for ministers, 1598; summoned to London on ecclesiastical affairs, 1606; ordered to confine himself within ten miles of Newcastle, 1607; died at Berwick on his way back to Scotland; published numerous poems; Diary printed, 1829.

[289] Sir James Melville (1535–1617) of Hallhill; autobiographer; son of Sir John Melville: page to , Mary Queen of Scots, 1549; wounded at St. Queutin, 1667: i sent to discover the designs of Lord James Stewart, earl of Moray, 1557: endeavoured to win Queen Eliza1 beth's approval of Mary Stuart's marriage to Daruley: I sent to offer the regency to Moray: entrusted with diplomatic missions throughout James VI's minority; knighted; privy councillor; manuscript of hi autobiography first discovered, 1660, last edited, 1887.

[290] Sir John Melville (d. 1648), laird of Raith; engaged in the disputes of the regency during James V's minority; master of artillery, 1526; followed James V in his border expeditions; assisted in the trial of Janet Douglas, Lady Glamis, 1537; captain of Dunbar Castle, 1540; a reformer,supporting the 'English' party in Scotland; convicted of treason and executed.

[291] '^ Robert Melville, first Baron Melville (1527-1621), son of Sir John Melville; in the French service, returned to Scotland, 1559: opposed Mary Stuart's umnucy -. Tisited Mary Stuart in Lochleven taken prisoner at Langside, but released Ii68; declared traitor, 1678; his .wu, 1*80; knighted, 1581: clerk and rer depute, MSI: privy councillor, 1582; entreated JBtebeth for Mary Stuart's life: acted as chan1M9; sent to negotiate with Queen Elizabeth, iuu- extraordinary lord of session as Lord MurdocSreie, 194: resigned his offices, 1600; accompanied James VI to England, 1601: commissioner for the union, 1601; created Baron Melville of Monimail, 1616.

[292] Robert Melville (1723-1809), general and antiquary; studied at Glasgow and Edinburgh Universities; a*iffVl744: served in Flanders: captain, 1751; major, 1766; lieutenant-governor of Guadeloupe, 1759, governor, 1760; governor of the ceded islands, 1763-70; sent to, France to solicit certain indulgences for the British in 1835; commander, 1846; post-captain, 1852; in Mediterranean, 1853; distinguished at bombardment of Odessa, 1854; flag-captain to Sir Edmund (afterwards Lord) Lyons, 1854-7; C.B., 1855; deputy coutroller-peueral of coastguard at admiralty, 1861-2; director of transports, 1862-8."; rear-admirul, 1869; vice-admiral, 1874; admiral, 1879; G.O.B.,1882: hisLifepublisliol by his son, Boweu Stilon Mends, 1899.

[293] Adah Isaacs Menke, formerly Adelaide McCord (1836-1868), actress and writer; acted at New Orleans and hi Texas; journalist; taught French, Greek, and Latin in a school at New Orleans; married Alexander Isaac Menken, 1856; became a Jewess; acted in theStatos, New York, and (1864) London; became acquainted with Dickens, Charles Reade, and Swinburne; met the elder Dumas and Gautier in Paris, 18G6; published Infelicia (poems), 1868; was married four and divorced three times; died in Paris.

[294] Lord Menmttcr (1552–1598). See John Lindsay.

[295] Sir John Mennes (1599–1671), admiral ; recommended by Sir Alexander Brett for command. 1626; served in the Narrow Seas; raised troop of carabineers, 1640; knighted, 1642; governor of North Wales for i- ranee w soucit CCTUUD IUUUJBCU... ~. ~-, Charles I, 1644: commander of the king's navy, 1645; Tobago; suggested a new theory of Hannibal s route comptroller of the navy, 1661, though not fit for busiacross the Alps: Invented a naval gun, 1759 (used until ne(SJ, according to Pepys; commauder-in-chief in the the middle of this century): F.RA; F.8.A. Downs and admiral, 1662; published, with Dr. James Smith, Wits Recreations 1640, and Musarum Deliciaj 1665.

[296] James (1795–1858), Latin scholar ; edudeen grammar school and Marischal College, 1816; LL.D., 1834; master at Aberdeen ADcraeen; si. A., IBID; L,LJ.U., ion, maswr AUCIUCCI grammar school, 1828, rector, 1826:lecturer on humanity at Marischal College; published Latin grammar, 1822, exercise*, posthumous, 1857; collected classical and medieval Latin literature.

[297] Menasseh Ben Israel (1604–1657). See Manasseh.

[298] Fernando Mendes (d. 1724), physician; born in Portugal; M.D. Montpellier, 1667: attended Catherine of Braganza to England; physician in ordinary to Catherine of Braganza, 1669; attended Charles II: F.R.C.P., 1687.

[299] Moses Mendes (d. 1758), poet and dramatist; grandson of Fernando Meudes; successful stockbroker; bon-vivant and wit; wrote dramatic pieces set to music by Boyce and Buruey, and poems and songs in imitation of Spenser.

[300] Joseph Mendham (1769-1856), controversialist: M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1795: incumbent of Hill Chapel in Anicu, 1836; wrote against Romish doctrine and organisation; his library presented to the Incorporated Law Society.

[301] Mendip, first Baron (1713-1802). See Ellis Welbore.

[302] Daniel Mendoza (1784–1836), pugilist : successfully united sparring with boxing; encountered 'the Bath butcher' 1787; at times acted as officer of the sheriff of Middlesex: made tours in Ireland, 1791, and England; retired, 1880; published the Art of Boxing 1789.

[303] Joseph de Mendoza y Rios (1762-1816), astronomer; born at Seville: educated at the Royal College of Nobles, Madrid; served in the Spanish navy with distinction: oommlMioned by government to form a maritime library at Madrid: travelled in France: made his home in England after being elected F.R.S., 1793; published works on nautical astronomy, which revolutionised that science, and on navigation.

[304] Sir Robert Mends (1767?–1823 commodore: entered navy, 1779: lost right arm at the defence of Yorktown, 1781: wounded at battle of Dominica: lieutenant, 1789; severely burnt by an explosion in action off Lorient, 179*: captain, 1800: distinguished himself on Spanish at, 1810; superintendent of Portsmouth harbour, 11-14; knighted, 1816; appointed commodore and mmnder-in-cbief on the west coast of Africa, 1821; died on board bis ship at Gape Coast, 1883.

[305] Sir William Robert Mends (1812-1897), admiral; nephew of Sir Robert Mends: studied at ojral Na valOott M* tmmm f, j, niimmvi nu PorUmouth: served under Captain v. on the Pique, 1836; llnnlijmi.

[306] Earls of Menteith . See COMYN, WALTER, d. 1258; GRAHAM, WILLIAM, seventh EARL, 1591-1661.

[307] Sir John de Menteith (d. after 1329), Scottish knight; imprisoned for resistance to Edward I, 1296; released, 1297; warden of castle, town, and sheriff dom of Dumbarton, 1304; captured Wallace at Glasgow and took him to London; nominated one of the Scots barons in the united parliament; on the Scottish council and created Earl of Lennox; joined Bruce in his revolt, 1307; commissioned to treat for truce, 1316 and 1323; present nt Arbroath parliament, 1320; last recorded grants to him, 1329.

[308] Robert Menteith, Mentet, or Monteith (fl. 1621-1660), author of Histoire des Troubles de la Grande Bretagne; M.A. Edinburgh, 1621; professor of philosophy at Saumur; presented to the kirk of Duddingston, 1630; fled to Paris, 1633; denounced as rebel; became Roman catholic and secretary to De Retz till (1662) the cardinal's arrest; canon of Notre- Dame; his Histoire published, 1660.

[309] Archibald Menzies (1754–1842), botanical collector; studied at Edinburgh; naval surgeon; accompanied fur-trading voyage of discovery to North-west coast of America and China, 1786-9; as naturalist and surgeon went with Vancouver to the Cape, New Zealand, and North-west America, 1790-6: ascended Wha-ra-rai and Mauna Loa in Hawaii, determining their altitude by the barometer; brought back various plants, cryptogams, and natural-history objects; F.L.S., 1790.

[310] John Menzies (1624–1684), Scottish divine and professor; graduate and regent, Marisclml College, Aberdeen; professor of divinity, Marischal College, Aberdeen, and pastor of Greyfriars Church, Aberdeen,1649: became an independent, 1651; 4 trier in Scotland, 1664; returned to presbyteriauism; reluctantly conformed to episcopacy; engaged in controversy with Roman catholics and quakers; professor of divinity, Kind's College, Old Aberdeen, 1679, but soon resigned; reinstated professor at Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1679; deprived on refusing the test, 1681; gave way, and was reinstated, 1682; published theological works.

[311] John Menzies (1766–1834), founder of Blairs College, Kincardineshirc; educated at Dinant; convcynl to Bishop I'atersou his estate of Blairs for the education of secular priests, 1827; benefactor of St. Margaret's Convent, Edinburgh, opened, 1835; acquainted with Scott.

[312] Michael Menzies (rf. 1766), advocate and inventor; advocate, 1719; invented a thrashing-machine, 1734, a machine for conveying coal to the shaft, 1750, and a machine for draining coal-mines, 1761, which came into partial use.

[313] Simon Meopham or Mepeham (d. 1333), archbishop of Canterbury; fellow of Merton College, Oxford: D.D.; prebendary of Llandaff, 1295: canon of Chu: archbishop of Canterbury, 1327; OOOMCratod at Avignon; mediated between Henry, earl of Lancaster, and Mortimer, 1328; enthroned at Canterbury, 129; crowiml Queen Philippa, 132'J; held several rhurdi councils; irritated his sutrrauMiis liy a scries of systematic visitation-;: contested rieht of Archbishop of York to have his cross borne erect before him in the southern province; called on the monks of St. Auunstine's Abbey to justify their rights to their Kentish churches, 1329; refused to appear before the papal nuncio on the monksappeal, 1332: pronounced contumacious, fined 7UO., and excommunicated for non-payment.

[314] John Merbecke (fl. 1583). See Marbeck.

[315] Charles Merbury or Marbury (fl. 1581), author: B.A. Oxford, 1570: entered Gray's Inn, 1571; went to Italy: entered household of Earl of Sussex; in France on official business, 1583: corresponded with Anthony Bacon and Walsiugham: published defence of absolute monarchy, 1581.

[316] Andrew Mercer (1775–1842), poet and topographer; gave up theology for miniature-painting; wrote for magazines in Edinburgh; settled at Dunfermllne and taught drawing; wrote poems andHistory of Duufermline 1828.

[317] Hugh Mercer (1726?–1777), American brigadiergeneral: medical student at Aberdeen: surgeon's mate in the Pretender's army; went to America, 1747; lieutenantcolonel of provincials, 1758; in command at the new Fort Du Quesne; doctor at Predericksburg; drilled the Virginian militia; colonel, 1775; brigadier-general, 1776; died of wounds received at Princetown.

[318] James Mercer (1734–1804), poet and soldier; second cousin to Hugh Mercer; M.A. Aberdeen, 1754; went to Paris; joined a British regiment, 1756: distinguished himself at Minden, 1759, and in Ireland; major, 1770; sold out of the army, 1772; major in the 4 Gordon Fencibles 1777; intimate with Beattie, Dr. Reid, Sir William Forbes, and Robert Arbutbnot; hisLyrio Poems 1797, republished 1804 and 1806.

[319] John Mercer (1791–1866), calico-printer and chemist; bobbin- winder and hand-loom weaver: experimented in dyeing; studied mathematics and chemistry; discovered dyes suitable for printing calico in orange, yellow, and bronze; chemist at Messrs. Fort Brothers print-works, 1818; partner, 1825; propounded theory of 'catalyticaction at British Association meeting, 1842; joined Chemical Society, 1847; discovered process of 'Mercerising 1850: F.R.S., 1852; read paper on ferrocy an ides at British Association, 1858; made other discoveries connected with dyeing processes,

[320] William Mercer (1605?–1675?), lieutenant-colonel and poet: served in Denmark and Sweden; granted prebend of Glenholnie, 1630; officer in Ireland, 1638; lieutenant-colonel in parliamentarian army, 1646; swore allegiance at the Restoration; published poems, including Angliae Speculum 1646, and News from Parnassus 1682.

[321] Lords of Merchiston . See Napier, Archibald, first Lord, 1574–1645 ; NAPIER, ARCHIBALD, second LORD, d. 1660.

[322] Earl of Mercia (d. 1057).

[323] Kings of Mercians . See PENDA, 577?-655; Peada, under-kiug of the South Mercians, d. 656 ; WOLPIierk d. 675 ; COKXRKD, Ji. 704–709 ; CKOLRED, d. 716 : Ethelbald d. 757 ; OPPA, d. 796 ; BEORNWULP, d. 826 ; Wiqlaf d. 838 : BEORHTWULP, d. 852 ; BUKHHED, fl. 852-874.

[324] Honoré Mercier (1840–1894), premier of Quebec ; born at Ste.-Atbanase, Lower Canada: educated at Jesuit college, Montreal; edited Le Courier; called to Montreal bar, 1867; member of I House of Commons for Houvillt; in province of Quebec, 1872; solicitor-general, 1878-9; member for Ste.-Hyacinthe and liberal leader in provincial house, 1883; premier of Quebec, 1887-92. His measures included the consolidation of provincial statutes and the establishment of an agricultural department. In 1891 investigation?, besrun in the senate, traced to Mercier or hi- agents sums which the provincial house had voted to the Rale des Chalenn railway; a royal commission was ;s-::.-l:nnl tin- ministry dismissed; a prosecution against him, 1892, on an indictment of conspiracy to defraud the province, failed. Subsequently he again took an active part in politics.

[325] Philip Mercier (1689–1760), portrait-painter ; born at Berlin: studied under Antolne Pesne; visited Italy, France, and Hanover; painted the then Prince of Walee's portrait; settled in London. 1716; appointed principal painter (1727) and librarian to Frederick, prince of Walrs.

[326] Merddin Wyllt (ft. 580?). See Myrddin.

[327] Edward Meredith (1648–1889?), Roman catholic controversialist: educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; accompanied Sir William Godolpbin to Spain as secretary; became Roman catholic; went abroad, 1688; published controversial works; died In Italy.

[328] Richard Meredith (1550?-1697), bishop of Leighlin and Ferns: M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1575; held several ecclesiastical appointments in Wales: chaplain to Sir John Perrot q. v.l, lord deputy of Ireland, 1584; dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1584; bishop of Leigblin, 1589; accused of complicity in Perrot's designs; tried in the Stur-chamber, 1590; imprisoned and fined, 1591 and again, 1594; died in Dublin.

[329] Richard Meredith (1559–1621), dean of Wells ; educated at Westminster School and New College, Oxford (fellow, 1578); B.C.L., 1584; B.D., 1606; royal chaplain and dean of Wells, 1607.

[330] Sir William Meredith , third baronet (d. 1790), politician; D.C.L. Christ Church, Oxford, 1749; M.P., Wigan, 1754-61, Liverpool, 1761-80: a whig and follower of Lord Rockingham; admiralty lord, 1765; protected Lord North from the mob, 1771; his bill for repealing a clause in the Nullum Tempus Act rejected, 1771; failed in attempt to abolish subscription for members of the universities, 1773; comptroller of the household and privy councillor, 1774; resigned, 1777; sold his property. 1779; wrote on political subjects; died at Lyons.

[331] Meredydd (d. 999?). See Maredudd ab Owain.

[332] Meredydd ab Bleddyn, Prince of Powys (d. 1132).

[333] Meredyth first Baron. See Sir William Meredyth Somerville.

[334] Francis Meres (1565–1647), divine and author; M.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1591; incorporated at Oxford, 1593; rector and schoolmaster at Wing, 1602; author of Gods Arithmeticke 1597, Palladia Tamia 1598, and Wits Treasury 1598; translated works by Luis de Grenada.

[335] John Meres or Meeres (1698–1761), printer and journalist; printer's apprentice, 1712; partner and manager with Richard Nutt: owner of the London Evening PostandDaily Post imprisoned, 1740, for remarks on an act of parliament; compiled a catalogue of English plays, 1713 (with continuation, 1715) and 1734.

[336] Sir Thomas Meres (1635–1715), knighted, 166O; whig M.P., Lincoln, 1659-1710: commissioner of the admiralty, 1679-84; tried to pass a bill compelling foreigners in England to adopt the English liturgy, 1685.

[337] Henry Alworth Merewether (1780–1864), serjeant-at-law; barrister, 1809: serjeant-at-law, 1827; D.C.L. Oxford, 1839; town clerk of London, 1842-69; Q.C., 1853: recorder of Heading; attorney-general to Adelaide, queen-dowager; chief work,History of Boroughs and Municipal Corporations 1835.

[338] John Merewether (1797–1850), dean of Hereford; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1818; D.D., 1832; incumbent of New Radnor, 1828; dean of Hereford, 1832; deputy clerk of the closet to William IV, 1833: opposed election of Hampden to see of Hereford, 1847; 1836; assisted in the restoration of Hereford Cathedral.

[339] Sir William Lockyer Merewether (1826-1880), Indian military officer and administrator; son of Henry Alworth Merewether; educated at Westminster School: entered Bombay army, 1841; did"himself during Sindb campaign, 1843; comrfttifronUer force, 1869; C.B., 1860: plit..-:il Aden. 18ft: commanded the piomx-r force in iS?* K.CAI 1868; chief commissioner in of the council of India, 1876.

[340] George Meriton or Meryton (d. 1624), dean of York; graduated M.A. from St. John's College, 1588: fellow of Queens' College, Cambridge, 1609: rector of Hadleigh, 1609: dean of Peterborough, 1612; chaplain to James's Queen; dean of York, 1617; published sermons.

[341] George Meriton or Merriton (1634–1711), author; grandson of George Meriton (d. 1624); lawyer at Nortliallerton; went to Ireland, 1684; LL.D. of Dublin. 1700: published legal works and a curious poem In Praise ofYorkshire Ale 1683.

[342] John Meriton (1636–1704), divine: sizar of St. John College, Cambridge; recommended by Cromwell to St. Nicholas Aooas, London, 1666; M.A. Cambridge, by royal mandate, 1660, and D.D., 1669; rector of St. Michael's, OornhiU, 1663; remained at his post during the plague, 1661: assisted in uniting and rebuilding churches after the fire, 1666: published devotional works.

[343] Thomas Meriton (fl. 1668), dramatist : grandson of George Meriton (d. 1624): M.A. St John's College, Cambridge, 1669; published Love and War 1658, andThe Wandring Lover 1658, two tragedies.

[344] Charles Merivale (1808–1893), dean of Ely : son of John Herman Merirale; of Harrow and St. John's College. Cambridge; M.A., 1833; B.D., 1840; rowed for university in first contest with Oxford at Henley, 1819: fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, 1833; rector of Lawfonl, Essex, 1848; chaplaiu to speaker of House of Commons (John Evelyn Denison), 1863-9; Hulsean lecturer, 1862; Boyle lecturer, 1864-5; dean of By, 1868; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, I860; published History of the Romans under the Empire 1850-64, and other liistorical writings, sermons, and lectures, besides numerous Latin poems including a translation of Keate's Hyf

[345] Herman Merivale (1806–1874), under-secretory for India: *on of John Herman Merivale; was educated at Harrow and Oxford: B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1817; fellow of Balliol College, 1828; barrister, Inner Temple, 1832; professor of political economy at Oxford, 1837; assistant under-Hecretary of state for the colonies, 1847; permanent uuder-secretary, 1848; transferred to the India office and C.B., 1859; D.C.L. Oxford, 1870; principal works, Lectures on Colonisation 1841, Historical Studies 1866, and Life of Sir Henry Lawrence 1872.

[346] John Herman Merivale (1779–1844), scholar and minor poet; grandson of Samuel Merivale q. v.J; of St. John's College, Cambridge: barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1*4; practised in chancery aud bankruptcy; chancery commUiiioner. 1824; bankruptcy commissioner, 1831; published law reports and translations from Greek aud Italian poetry.

[347] Samuel Merivale (1716–1771), presbyterian minister at Sleaford, 1737, and Tavistock, 1743; tutor at Kxeter Presbyterian Theological Seminary, 1761: published devotional work*.

[348] Thomas Merke (d. 1409) bishop of Carlisle; at Oxford: D.D.; monk of Westminster; appointed bishop of Carlisle, 1397; ambassador to the German princes, 1397; present In parliament, 1397; commissioner for Oueen Isabella's dowry, 1398; accompanied Richard II to Ireland, 1399; protested against Henry IV's treatment of Richard; committed to the Tower of London, 1400; found guilty and deprived of his bUhopric; J -d conditional pardon, 1401; acted occasionally as to Wykeham; commission to perform episcopal ln the dlocese of Wincherdaitevicc; sided against the pope at Lucca, 1408. deputy to fonons

[349] Daniel of Merlac (ft. 1170–1190). See Morley.

[350] William Merle or Morley (d. 1347), meteorologist; rector of Driby, 1 331; kept systematic record of the weather for seveil years, preserved in Digby MS., Merton College, Oxford.

[351] Merlin Ambrosius, or Myrddin Emrys, legendary enchanter and bard; brought before Vortigern as a chikl: foretold the king's deuth und the triumph of Aurelius Ambrosius: made ruler of the western part of Britain by Vortigem: advised Anrelius, as a memorial of his triumph, to send for the stones called Giants Dance from Ireland; defeated the Irish by his art, and the Dance was set up (Stonehenge). One legend represents Merlin to have gone to sea in a glass veel and disappeared. Welsh tradition recognises another Merlin, Merlin Silvester, or Myrddin Wyllt, who lived c. 670, was connected with the fatal battle of Arderydd, 573, and subsequently became insane and lived in the forest. The Merlin legend is common to Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, and Brittany. The popular French romance of Merlin by Robert de Borrou (thirteenth century), was founded on Geoffrey of Monmouth. Sir Thomas Malory borrowed much from Borrous Merlin in his Morte d'Arthur

[352] Merlin Celidonius or Silvester. See Myrddin Wyllt.

[353] Christopher Merret or Merrett (1614–1695), physician; M.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1643; P.R.O.P., 1651; Gulstonian lecturer, 1654; censor seven times between 1657 and 1670; first librarian at Royal College of Physicians, which was destroyed, 1666, and his services dispensed with; expelled from his fellowship for non-attendance, 1681; published works on natural history and medicine.

[354] Walter Merrey (1723–1799), numismatist ; Nottingham manufacturer; published a history of English coinage, 1789.

[355] James Merrick (1720–1769), poet and scholar; M.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1742: fellow, 1745: ordained, but lived in college; published poems, including The Chameleon; translated from the Greek and advocated the compilation and amalgamation of indexes to the principal Greek authors; versified the Psalms, several editions of which were set to music.

[356] Rice Merrick (d. 1587), historian of Glamorgan ; clerk of the peace; his history printed, 1825 and 1887.

[357] Charles Watkins Merrifield (1827–1884), mathematician; entered the education department, 1847; barrister, 1861; P.R.S., 1863; held offices in the London Mathematical Society and the Royal Institution of Naval Architects; principal of Royal School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, 1867-73; served on royal commissions; wrote books and papers in periodicals on mathematics and hydraulics.

[358] Brian Merriman (1757–1808), Irish poet; schoolmaster at Kilcleriu; wrote a poem, Midnight Court 1780; composed songs.

[359] John Merriman (1774–1839), surgeon; first cousin to Samuel Merriman (1771-1852): M.R.O.S. and M.S.A.; general medical attendant on the Duchess of Kent; apothecary extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1837.

[360] Nathaniel James Merriman (1810-1H82), bishop of Grahamstown, South Africa; educated at Wincheater College and Oxford; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1834; archdeacon of Grahamstown, 1848; undertook a Kaffir mission, 1850; one of Bishop Coleuso's accusers, 1863; bishop of Grahamstown, 1871; wrote on South Africa.

[361] Samuel Merriman (1731–1818), physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1753; settled in London, 1757; specialised in midwifery.

[362] Samuel Merriman (1771–1852), physician; studied medicine under his uncle, Samuel Merriman (1731-1818); hon. M.D. Marischal College, Aberdeen; physician-accoucheur, Westminster General Dispensary, London, 1808-15, to Middlesex Hospital, London, 1809-26, where he lectured on midwifery, 1810-25; published medical works, some on obstetrics,

[363] Thomas Merriot (1589–1668), grammarian : fellow of New College, oxfonl, 1610-24; H.C.L., 1015; vicar of Swalcliffe, 1624, win-re In- taught grammar: sequestered, 1646; published grammatical works in Latin.

[364] Henry Merritt (1822–1877), picture-cleaner and art-critic; came to London, 1846; cleaned pictures for the National Portrait Gallery, London. Hampton Court, and Marlborough House; acquainted with Gladstone and Ruskin, with whom he corresponded; pulili.-lied Robert Dalby (autobiographical romance ). lsG5; art-critic to the Standard i860.

[365] Robert Merry (1755–1798), dilettante: educated at Harrow; left Christ's College, Cambridge, without graduating; entered Lincoln's Inn; purchased a commission in the horse guards, which he sold on account of gambling debt*: settled at Florence, 1784; wrote for the Arno* aud Florence Miscellany 1785; member of the Delia Cruscan Academy: left for London, 1787; carried on a sentimental correspondence in verse in the * World with Mrs. Hannah Cowley, 1787: sympathised with the French revolution; visited Paris, 1789, 1791, and 1792: went to America, 1796, where his wife, Elizabeth Brunton, acted in the chief cities in the States; wrote several unsuccessful plays; died at Baltimore.

[366] Dick Merryfellow (1723–1781). See Richard Gardiner.

[367] Lord Mersington (1625?–1700). See Alexander Swinton.

[368] Walter de Merton (rf. 1277), bishop of Rochester and founder of Merton College, Oxford; probably a pupil of Adam de Marisco, at Mauger Hall, Oxford; founded a hospital at Basingstoke in memory of his parents; protonotary of chancery; negotiated with the pope about the grant of Sicily to Edmund, the king's sou, 1258; chancellor, 1261-3; justiciar, 1271; again chancellor, 1272-4; bishop of Rochester, 1274. He obtained charters, 1261, 1263, 1264, 1270, 1274, to assign various manors for the support of scholars at Oxford who should form a corporate body under a warden.

[369] Sir Audley Mervin or Mervyn (d. 1675), soldier, lawyer, and politician; acquired lands in Ulster: M.P., Tyrone, 1&40; lieutenant-colonel against the rebels, 1641; governor of Derry, 1644; taken prisoner by parliamentarians, 1648; co-operated against Sir Charles Coote, but afterwards withdrew from the royalist party, 1649; admitted of King's Inns at Dublin, 1658: assisted in the restoration of Charles II in Ireland: knighted, 1660: serjeant-afc-law in Ireland, 1660; commissioner of lands and for the settlement of Ireland, 1661; speaker of the Irish House of Commons, 1661-6.

[370] Sir William Meryck (d. 1668). See Meyrick.

[371] Charles Lewis Meryon (1783–1877), physician and biographer of Lady Hester Stanhope; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool, London, St. John's College, Oxford, and St. Thomas's Hospital, London; M.A., 1809; M.D., 1817; accompanied Lady Hester Stanhope as medical attendant, 1810: revisited her in Syria; F.R.O.P., 1821; published Memoirs 1845, andTravels 1846, of Lady Hester Stanhope.

[372] Richard Messing (d. 1462?). See Misyn.

[373] William Meston (1688?–1745), burlesque poet; educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and (1715) regent; govemor of Dunnottar Castle during Jacobite rising, 1715; schoolmaster at Elgin and Turriff; published The Knight of the Kirk (imitation of Hudibras), 1723.

[374] John Metcalf (1717–1810), commonly known as Blind Jack of Knaresborough; became blind when six years old; distinguished athlete and dealer in horses; rode several races successfully; walked from Knaresborough to London and back; recruiting-serjeant, 1745; fought at Falkirk, 1746, and Culloden, 1746: set up a stage-coach between York and Knaresborough, 1754; a pioneer road-maker and bridge-builder; constructed about 180 miles of turnpike road; retired to a small farm, 1792.

[375] Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, first Baron Metcalfe (.1785–1846), provisional governor-general of India: educated at Eton; appointed to a Bengal writersi.: P. iHuo: olitical agent tucceMively to general* Lake, Smith, and Dowdeswell; sent on a miMioii to Lahore 1808; resident of Delhi, 1811-20: developed the industrial* resources of Delhi territory; raiideiit of Hyderaba. i member of thesupreme council, 1827 provisional govi-rnorgeneral, 1835-0; O.C.B. ami lieutenant-governor of the North- west Province*, 1836-8; aa governor of Jamaica! 1839-42, smoothed matters between proprietors and negroes; governor-general of Canada, 1843-6, where hi* tact -.von tl.e wnu-nil.-levtiun, 1*4. for the government; created Baron Metcalfe, 1846; retired, 1846.

[376] Frederick Metcalfe (1815-1885), Scandinavian scholar; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1838; fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1844-84; M.. published works on Norway, Sweden, and Iceland.

[377] James Metcalfe (1817–1888), lieutenant-colonel, Indian army; natural son of Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, first baron Metcalfe; entered Bengal 1836: adjutant, 1839-46; aide-de-camp to the of Dalhousie, 1848-53; interpreter to Sir Colin during the mutiny; O.B., 1860.

[378] Nicholas Metcalfe (1475?–1639), archdeacon of Rochester; B.A. Michaelhouse, Cambridge, 1494; D.D., 1507; archdeacon, 1515; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1516-37; opposed Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine and royal supremacy in doctrinal matters; founded scholarships at Cambridge.

[379] Robert Metcalfe (1590?–1652), fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; fellow of St. John's College. Cambridge, 1606; regius professor of Hebrew, Cambridge, till 1648; fellow and vice-master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1648; benefactor of Beverley school.

[380] Theophilus Metcalfe (fl. 1649) stenographer; teacher of shorthand; published stenographic system, 1635; on lines of Shelton's Tachygraphy (frequently reprinted and used by Isaac Watts).

[381] Sir Theophilus John Metcalfe (1828–1883), joint-magistrate at Meerut: nephew of Charles Tbeophilus Metcalfe, first baron Metcalfe; entered Bengal civil service, 1848: joint-magistrate at Meerut and deputycollector at Futtepur, 1867; joined army before Delhi; C.B., 1864.

[382] Eliza Meteyard (1816–1879), author; contributed to periodicals, published novels, Life of Josiah Wedgwood 1865-6, besides other works on Wedgwood's friends and ware.

[383] William Ellis Metford (1824–1899), inventor ; apprenticed as engineer; employed on Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth railway, 1846-50; associate of Institution of Civil Engineers, 1856; held appointment on East India railway, 1857-8; an explosive rifle bullet invented by him adopted by government, 1863; the pioneer of substitution of shallow grooving and a hardened cylindrical bullet expanding into it for deep grooving and soft bulleta of lead; produced his first match rifle, 1866, and his first breechloading rifle, 1871. A rifle which combined the Metford bore with the bolt-action and detachable magazine invented by the American, James P. Lee, was selected for British use. 1888.

[384] Sir William Methold (1660?-1620), chief baron of the exchequer in Ireland; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1681 (bencher, 1608); serjeant, 1611; chief baron of the exchequer in Ireland, 1612; privy councillor and knighted, 1612; lord chief-justice in Ireland and joint-keeper of the great seal, 1619.

[385] William Methold (rf. 1653), nephew of Sir William Methold; entered East India Company, 1616: visited Golcouda, 1622; director, 1628; sent on a mission to Persia, 1633; deputy-governor of the East India Company, 1650; published travels.

[386] John Methuen (1650?-1706), lord chancellor of Ireland: son of Paul Methuen (d. 1667); educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; barrister, Inner Temple; master in chancery, 1686; M.P., Devizes, 1690; envoy to Portugal, 1691: lord chancellor of Ireland, 1697; again sent to Portugal, 1702; ambassador extraordinary to Portugal, 1703: concluded Methuen Treaty (commercial treaty with Portugal X 1703; died at Lisbon; buried in Westminster Abbey.

[387] Paul Methuen (fl. 1566), Scottish reformer: a Dundee baker; converted to protestantism: escaped bliclv ilnriiur the war, 1556: found irterlal oflkJ. 1559: nominal to Church, 1560; denoted and excommunicated for , IMS; fled to England; commanded by the asaany to repent pnWirly at Edinburgh, Dundee, and Jedburgh, 1M6; partly obeyed and returned to England.

[388] Paul Methuen (rf. 1667), Bradford clothier: obtained spinners from Holland.

[389] Sir Paul Methuen (1678–1757), diplomatist : son of John Methoeo (q. T.; entered diplomatic service, 1690; envoy to king of Portugal, 1697-1705; minister at Turin, 1704: ambassador to Portugal, 1706-8; M.P., Devizes, IToa-lO, Brackley, 1718-47; lord of the admiralty, 17141717 ambassador to Spain and Morocco and privy councillor, 17U: comptroller of the household, 1720: K.B., 17i*; retired, 17SO; collected pictures.

[390] Methven, first BARON (1495 ?-1551 ?). See STEWART, Henry. r, LORD (1746-1801). METOWT M0N (1806-1889). ME ULAN, COUNTS OF. See BEAUMONT, ROBKRT DE, d. 1118; BKACMONT, WALERAN DR, 1104-1166.

[391] Meuryg (fl. 1250). see Meyrig.

[392] Othowell Meverall (1585–1648), physician; B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge; M.D. Leyden, 1613; F.R.C.P., 1618: censor for eight years, registrar, 1639-40, president, 1641-4; lecturer on anatomy, 1638; lecturer to the Barber-Surgeons, 1638; notes of his lectures still extant.

[393] Peter Mews (1619-1706), bishop of Winchester: educated at Merchant Taylors School, London, and St. John's College, Oxford: M. A, 1645; served in the king's army, 1842; retired to Holland, 1648; acted as royalist agent: went to Scotland as secretary to Middleton, 1654; served in Flanders; rewarded at the Restoration; president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1667-73; vice-chancellor of Oxford University, 1669-73; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1672, of Winchester, 1684; opposed Monmouth at Bedgmoor, 1685: upheld the fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford, in their contention with James II, 1687; took the oaths to William and Mary. r, JOHN (d. 1456), archbishop of Armagh: official of the court of Meath; archbishop of Armagh, 1444; as deputy lord-lieutenant was unsuccessful in maintaining oner.

[394] William Mey (d. 1560). See May.

[395] Henry Meyer (1782?–1847), portrait-painter and engraver; nephew of John Hoppner; pupil of Bartolozzi; worked in mezzotint and painted portraits in oil and water colours; foundation member of the Society of British Artist*, 1824; president, 1828.

[396] Jeremiah Meyer (1735-1789), miniature-painter; born at Tubingen: pupil of Zincke; his profile of George III nswi on the coinage, 1761; original director of Inrorporated Society of Artists; foundation member of Royal Academy.

[397] Philip James Meyer (1782-1820), musician; born at Strasburg; improved the harp: visited England, 1778: returned to Paris, but finally settled in England, 1784; composer and teacher of the harp,

[398] Charles Methell (1828–1882), Roman catholic divine: professor of metaphysics at St. Mary's College, Osoott; missioner of Caverswall, 1873; published coutrorenial works.

[399] Sir Gelly Meyrick or Gilly (1556?–1601), conspirator; son of Rowland Meyrick: attended EMK to nothing, 1586; steward in Essex's household: nied him to Portugal, 1689, Normandy, 1591, and IW, where he wa knighted; with Essex in the :.I??5* li97 and ooompanied him to Ireland, J: defended Essex House, 1101; surrendered at Essex's bidding; hanged at Tyburn.

[400] John Meyrick (1538–1599), bishop of Sodor and Man scholar of Winchester College, 1550; scholar, 1555, and fellow, 1557, of New College, Oxford; M.A., 1562; vicar of Hornchurch, 1570: bishop of Sodor and Man, 1575.

[401] Sir John Meyrick (d. 1638), English ambassador to Russia: agent for the London Russia Company at Jaroslavl, 15St, and at Moscow, 1592: forwarded political intelligence from Russia, 1596-7: visited England, 1600; ambassador to the czar, 1602; secured protection for English merchants from successive Russian czars; reappointed ambassador and knighted, 1614; took part in peace negotiations between Russia and Sweden, 1615; obtained commercial treaty, 1623; governor of Russia Company, 1628.

[402] Sir John Meyrick (d. 1659), parliamentarian general: grandson of Rowland Meyrick; fought under Essex in Flanders, 1620; served in the United Provinces, 1624, and Spain, 1G25; knighted; wounded before Maestricht, 1632; M.P., Newcastle-under-Lyme, 1640; president of the council of war; general of ordnance, 1643; after Lostwithiel fled with Essex to Plymouth, withdrew from public affairs, 1649.

[403] Rowland Meyrick (1505–1566), bishop of Bangor; principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1534-6; D.C.L. Oxford, 1538; precentor of Llandewy-Velfrey, 1541; chancellor of Wells, 1547; canon and chancellor of St. David's, 1550; led the struggle between the chapter and Bishop Robert Ferrar; ejected from St. David's on his marriage, 1554; bishop of Bangor, 1559.

[404] Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick (1783–1848), antiquary; M.A., 1810, D.C.L., 1811, Queen's College, Oxford; ecclesiastical and admiralty lawyer; F.S.A., 1810; consulted on the arrangement of the armour at the Tower of London and Windsor Castle, 1826; knighted, 1832; high sheriff of Herefordshire, 1834; principal works: a history of Cardiganshire, 1810, and of arms and armour, 1824, and an edition of Lewis Dwnn's Heraldic Visitations of Wales 1840.

[405] Sir William Meyrick or Mericke (d. 1668), civilian; scholar of Winchester College, and fellow of New College, Oxford, 1616-26: D.C.L. New College, Oxford, 1627; advocate, 1628: judge of the prerogative court of Canterbury, 1641; joined the king; ejected, 1648; reinstated and knighted, 1660.

[406] Meyrig or Meuryg (ft. 1250), treasurer of Llandaff: probably identical with the epigrammatist Maurice (fl. 1210); wrote various Welsh works (none traced), includingY Owtta Cyfarwydd(existing copy, c. 1446, possibly borrowed from an older manuscript).

[407] Edward Miall (1809–1881), politician; independent minister at Leicester, 1834; established and edited the Nonconformist (weekly), 1841; endeavoured to amalgamate with the chartists, 1842; procured a conference on disestablishment in London, 1844, which founded theBritish Anti-State Church Association M.P., Rochdale, 1852-7; commissioner on education, 1868; M.P., Bradford, 1869-74; endeavoured to bring forward disestablishment, 1871 and 1872; retired from public life, 1874; published pamphlets on disestablishment.

[408] Blaunpayn Michael (.fl. 1250), also called Michael the Cornishman and Michael the English, Latin poet; possibly studied at Oxford and Paris; traditionally dean of Utrecht; wrote a satirical Latin poem, c. 1250.

[409] Sir John Michel (1804–1886), field-marshal; educated at Eton; entered the army, 1823; lieutenant, 1825; passed his examinations, 1832; major, 1840; lieutenant-colonel, 1842; served in the Kaffir wars, 1846-7 and 1852-1853 (medal and C.B.); brevet-colonel, 1854; chief of the staff of the Turkish contingent in the Crimean war (medals); sent to the Cape, 1856; transferred to China; wrecked and carried to Singapore, 1867; placed on the Bombay staff, 1858; major-general, 1868; defeated the rebels at Beorora, Mingrauli, and Sindwaha, 1858 (K.C.B. and medal); commanded at Sinhoand Pekin, 1860 (O.O.B. and medal); lieutenant-general, 18C6; general, 1874; Irish privy councillor and commander of the forces in Ireland, 1875-1880; field-marshal, 1886.

[410] Sir Edward Michelborne (d. 1611?), adventurer; served in the Low Countries, 1591; M.P., Bramber, 1593; accompanied Essex on Islands voyage, 1597; served in Ireland and was knighted, 1599: subscriber to the East India Company, 1600; implicated in Essex's rebellion, 1001; sailed for the East, 1604, nominally to trade; returned, after plundering a Chinese ship, 1606.

[411] Edward Michelborne (1565–1626), Latin poet ; of St. Mary nnd Gloucester Halls, Oxford; friend of Charles Fitzgeffrey and Thomas Campion, contributing to the works of both.

[412] John Michelborne, Mitchelburn, or Michelburne (1647–1721), governor of Londonderry; served under Percy Kirke (16467-1691) at Tangier, 1680-3; acted as military governor during the siege of Londonderry after Governor Baker's death, 1689; sole governor after the relief, 1689: petitioned for arrears of pay, 1691 (paid, 1703); his sword and saddle preserved at Londonderry.

[413] Charles Cornwallis Michell (1793–1851), lieutenant-colonel; entered array, 1809; distinguished himself in Peninsular war; lieutenant, 1813; captain, 1817; on the staff of Marshal Beresford in Lisbon; accompanied Beresford to the Brazils, 1820: master at Sandhurst, 1824, and Woolwich, 1825; major, 1826: superintendent of works at the Cape, 1828-48; assistant quartermaster-general during Kaffir war, 1833-4; lieutenant-colonel1841.

[414] Edward Thomas Michell (1787–1841), brigadier-general; lieutenant, 1803; commanded artillery in Peninsular war; served in Holland, 1813-14; brevetmajor, 1814; lieutenant-colonel, 1838; C.B., 1838; British commissioner in Spain, 1839-40; sent as brigadier-general to Syria; present at Medjdel, 1841; died of fever at Jaffa.

[415] Sir Francis Michell (fl. 1621), commissioner for enforcing monopolies; educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; secured reversion of clerk of the market, 1603; commissioner for enforcing gold and silver thread patents, 1618; knighted, 1620; tried for corruption; sentenced to degradation from knighthood and imprisoned, 1621; released immediately; subsequently petitioned for financial assistance.

[416] Henry Michell (1714–1789), scholar ; fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1739; vicar of Brighton, 1744; assisted in development of Brighton; wrote on classical antiquities.

[417] John Michell (1724–1793), astronomer ; fellow of QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1749-64; M.A., 1752: B.D., 1761; lectured on Hebrew, arithmetic, geometry, and Greek; F.R.S., 1760: Woodwardian professor of geology, 1762; rector of Thornhill, 1767; wrote on artificial magnets, 1750, earthquakes, 1760, longitude, 1767, and fixed stars, 1767; invented apparatus for weighing the earth with torsion-balance.

[418] Matthew Michell or Mitchell (d. 1752), commodore; lieutenant, 1729; commanded the Gloucester, the only ship besides Anson's which doubled Cape Horn, 1740; commodore of a squadron off Flauders coast; M.P., Westbury, 1747.

[419] Nicholas Michell (1807–1880), miscellaneous writer; encouraged by Campbell; author of poems and novels in prose and verse.

[420] Richard Michell (1805–1877), first principal of Hertford College, Oxford; educated at Wadham College, Oxford: M.A., 1827; D.D., 1868; fellow of Lincoln College, 1830; first prtelector of logic, 1839; Bampton lecturer, 1849; public orator, 1849-77; vice-principal, 1848; principal, 1868, of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1848; agitated for its formation into a college; the Hall endowed with fellowships and scholarships by T. C. Baring, M.P., and called Hertford College, 1874.

[421] William Julius Mickle (1735–1788), poet; owner of a brewery in Edinburgh, 1757; failed, 1763; corrector to Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1765-71; author of The Concubine 1767, and l Voltaire in the Shades 1770; translated the Lusiad of Camoens, 1775 (reprinted, 1778, 1798, and 1807); as secretary to George Johnstoue (1730-1787); sailed to Portugal, 1779; received 1 share of naval prizes; wrote the ballad Cumnor Hall; credited with the song 'There's na'e luck about the hoose'.

[422] Sir John Micklethwaite (1612–1682), physician; studied at Leyden, Padua, and Oxford; physician at St. Bartholomews Hospital, London. 1653; F.R.C.P., 1643; Gulstonian lecturer, 1644; censor seven times; president, 1676-81; attended Charles II; knighted, 1681.

[423] Samuel Middiman (1750–1881), engraver; engraved Shakespearean scenes for Boydell.

[424] George Middlemore (d. 1860), lieutenant-general; entered the army, 1798; lieutenant, 1794; major, 1804; served at the Cape and in India, Egypt, and Portugal (Talayera medal): C.B., 1816; lieutenant-colonel, 1 1815; major-general, 1830; commanded in West Indict, 1 1830-5; governor of St. Helena, 1836; Napoleon's remains removed during his governorship; lieutenant-general, 1841.

[425] Earls of Middlesex. See CRANFIELD, LIONEL, first EARL, 1575-1645; SACKVILLR, CHARLKS. first EARL of the second creation, 1638-1706.

[426] Charles Middleton , second Earl of Middleton and titular Earl of Monmouth (1640?–1719), secretary of state to James II; eldest son of John Middleton, first earl of Middleton; accompanied his father abroad, 1653: envoy extraordinary at Vienna, 1660; privy councillor and joint-secretary of Scotland, 1682; privy i councillor and secretary of state for England, 1684; M.P., Winchelsea. 1686; endeavoured to induce James to abandon his fight and summon parliament, 1688; remained in England; apprehended, 1692; released; chief adviser of the exiled king at St. Germain; created Earl of Monmouth by James Edward the Old Pretender, 1701; became a Roman catholic, 1 703; responsible for the abortive expedition to Scotland, 1707; resigned office of secretary of state for England, 1713, and returned to St. Germain.

[427] Charles Middleton , first Baron Barham (1726-1813), admiral; on convoy service; cruised in West 1 Indies, 1761; comptroller of the navy, 1778-90: created j baronet, 1781; M.P., Rochester, 1784: rear-admiral, 1787; i vice-admiral, 1793; admiral, 1795; lord commissioner of the admiralty, 1794; first lord of the admiralty, 1805, and 1 created Baron Barham, 1805.

[428] Christopher Middleton (1560?-1628), translator and poet; translated Digby's Art of Swimming 1595; published works, including The Famous Historic of Chinon 1597, and The Legend of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester 1600.

[429] Christopher Middleton (d. 1770), naval commander and arctic voyager; employed by the Hudson's Bay Company, 1720; observed variation of magnetic needle, 1721; discovered how to obtain true time at sea with Hadley's quadrant, c. 1737; F.R.S., 1737; commander in the navy; set out to discover the north-west passage, 1741; arrived in Hudson's Bay too late in the season for discovery, 1741; examined the coast to the northward and entered a river inlet, 1742; returned to England, 1742; stationed off Scottish and Flemish coasts, 1746.

[430] Conyers Middleton (1683–1750), divine ; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1707; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1706: known for his musical tastes; one of thirty fellows who petitioned against Bentley, the master of Trinity, 1710; D.D. on George I's visit to Cambridge, 1717; involved in a bitter dispute with Bentley about the fees, 1717; an action for a libel contained in 'The Present State of Trinity College 1719, brought against him by Bentley, a compromise resulting; Protobibliothecarius'of the university library, 1721: in Italy, 1724-5; published Letter from Rome 1729; Woodwardian professor, 1731-4: engaged in a controversy with Waterland on the historical accuracy of the bible, for which he was threatened with the loss of his degrees; published a Life of Cicero 1741, mainly plagiarised from William Bellenden (d. 1633 7): excited much criticism by his latitudinarian treatise on Miracles 1748.

[431] David Middleton (d. 1615), merchant and seacaptain; younger brother of John and Sir Henry Middleton; joint-commander in a voyage to West Indies; made successful voyages to East Indies, 1604-6, of.M:i,l:ui:ir. 1614.

[432] Erasmus Middleton (1739-1RO5), author; of St. Bdmund Hall, Oxford: expelled, 170H, for publicly prying and preaching: curau -in, Lc mdon; rector of

[433] Henry Middleton (rf. 1587), printer ; probably on of William Mid.lletoi. ( H. 1641-1647): admitted of the Stationers' Company, 1667; partner with Thomas East, 1667-72; under-warden of the Stationers' Company, 1:, 7

[434] Sir Henry Middliton (d. 1613), merchant and sea-captain: promoted captain during the first voyage of the Bant India Company, 1602: commanded the MOTtri voyage, 1604-6: knighted, 1606: commanded the tilth voyage, 1610-19: escaped from imprisonment at Mocha- attempted (1611-1$) to trade at Surat and Dabul: died in Java.

[435] Sir Hugh Middleton (1560?–1631). See Myddleton.

[436] Jane Middleton (1646–1692). See Myddleton.

[437] John Middleton, first Earl of Middleton (1619-1674), pikeman in Hepburn's regiment in France; major in covenant army, 1639; lieutenant-general in parliamentary army: second in command at Pbiliphaugh, 164ft: negotiated Montrose's submission, 1646, suppressed royalist rising, 1647: as lieutenant-general of the Scottish cavalry distinguished himself at Preston, 1648: wounded and taken prisoner at Worcester, 1651; escaped from the Tower to Prance: captain-general of a highland force, dispersed by Monck, 1654; joined the king at Cologne: created an earl by Charles II, 1666 (the creation confirmed at the Restoration); commander-in-chief, governor of Edinburgh Castle, and lord high commissioner to the Scottish parliament, 1660: urged restoration of episcopacy in Scotland, 1661; accused of withholding letters from the king, consenting to measures without authority, and taking bribes, 1663: deprived of his offices; subsequently became governor of Tangier, where he died.

[438] John Middleton (1827–1866), landscape-painter.

[439] John Henry Middleton (1846–1896), archa?clogitt and architect; educated at Cheltenham College and Exeter College, Oxford; studied art and archaeology: travelled abroad; practised as architect at Westminster till 1885; F.S.A., 1879, vice-president, 1894; contributed to Encyclopaedia Britannica* (9th edit.); Slade profwaor of fine art at Cambridge, 1886; hon. M.A., 18M,aod Lit UD., 1892, Cambridge; M.A., 1887, and D.C.L., 1894, Oxford; director of Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 1889-92: art director at South Kensington Museum. London, 1892-6; published works on artistic and archjBological subjects.

[440] Joshua Middleton (1647–1721), quaker; early joined the quakers and travelled as a minister.

[441] Marmaduke Middleton (l. 1593), bishop of Waterford and St. David's; left Oxford without a degree; Obtained preferment in Ireland; bishop of Waterford, 1179; accused of plundering the cathedral, but acquitted; translated to St. David's. 1682; D.D. Oxford, 1583; fined by the Star-chamber, 1589, and handed over to the high commission court for degradation, which took place at Lambeth House.

[442] Patrick Middleton (1662–1736), Scottish nonjuring divine; M.A. St. Leonard's College, St. Andrews 1680: summoned 1689, 1692, 1716, and 1717 for not praying for William III and George I; published theological works.

[443] Richard Middleton (fl. 1280), Franciscan; B.D., 1283, and D.D., Paris; one of the fifteen chief doctors of his order; wrote works of theology and canon law.

[444] Richard Middleton (d. 1641), divine; B.A., Jesus College, Oxford, 1586: prebendary of Brecon 400; archdeacon of Cardigan, 1589-1629; published theological works.

[445] Thomas Middleton (1570?–1627), dramatist : -nt.-rc.l at Gray's Inn, 1593; became connected with the stage, 1592: collaborated with Dekker, Rowley, Munday, Drayton, Webster, and others; turned his attention to satirical comedies of contemporary manners, 1607-8; wrote pageants and masques for city ceremonials: city chronologer, 1620; wrote a political drama, l A Game nt Chess 1624, for which he and the players wore censored on the representations of the Spanish ambassador. His plays (which were very popular) includeThe Old Law 1666 (in collaboration with Massinger and Rowley): Michaelmas Terme 1607, A Trick to catch the Old-One 1608The Familie of Love 1608,A Mad World, my Masters 1608,The Roaring Girle 1611 (with Dekker), 'A Faire Quarrell 1617 (with Rowley),More Dissemblers besides Women 1667,A Game at Chess ICLM, 'A ClmstMaydin Cheape-side 1630,No Wit, no Help like a Woman's 16&7, Women beware Women,* 1657; 'The Witch(not published until 1778),Anything for a Quiet Life 1662,The Widdow 1652 (with Ben Jonson and Fletcher). His pageants and masques include 'The Triumphs of Truth 1613, Civitatis Amor 1616, The Tryumphs of Honor and Industry 1617, The Inner Temple Masque 1619 The Triumphs of Love and Antiquity 1619,The World Tost at Tennis 1620,The Triumphs of Honor and Virtue," 1622, The Triumphs of Integrity 1623, The Triumphs of Health and Prosperity 1626. He is supposed to have also written some miscellaneous verse and prose.

[446] Sir Thomas Middleton (1550–1631). See Myddleton.

[447] Sir Thomas Middleton (1586–1666). See Myddleton.

[448] Thomas Fanshaw Middleton (1769–1822), bishop of Calcutta: of Christ's Hospital and Pembroke College, Cambridge; M.A, 1795: D.D., 1808: curate of Gainsborough, 1792: editedThe Country Spectator 1792-3; rector of Tansor, 1795, of Bytham, 1802; prebendary of Lincoln, 1809: editedBritish Critic 1811; F.R.S., 1814; bishop of Calcutta, 1814; organised schools, 1815, and established the Bishop's Mission College, Calcutta, 1820; died at Calcutta.

[449] William of Middleton (rf. 1261). See Meliton.

[450] William Middleton or Myddylton (fl. 1541-1547), printer; succeeded to Pynson and Redman's press; printed legal, medical, and other learned works.

[451] William Middleton (rf. 1613), protestant controversialist; of Queens College, Cambridge: B.A., 1571; fellow, 1572-90; denied Cambridge M.A.; M.A. Oxford; deprived of fellowship for not taking his M.A.; restored by Lord Burghley, chancellor of Cambridge University; incorporated M.A. Cambridge, 1576; B.D., 1582; elected master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in place of John Jegon, who was subsequently restored; published defence of protestantism, 1606.

[452] William Middleton (1556?–1621). See Myddelton.

[453] Robert Midgley (1653–1723), alleged author of the Turkish Spy; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1673; M.D. Christ's College, Cambridge, 1687; candidate of the College of Physicians, 1687: licenser of the press, 1686: remembered chiefly as theeditor of Letters writ by a Turkish Spy 1687-93 (probably written in French by a Genoese, Giovanni Paolo Marana, translated by Bradshaw and edited by Midgley).

[454] Midleton first VISCOUNT (1660?-1728). See Alan Brodrick.

[455] Midnight (MARY). Pseudonym of John Newbery and Christopher Smart.

[456] Guy Miege (1044–1718?), miscellaneous writer ; native of Lausanne; came to London, 1661: undersecretary to Charles Howard, first earl of Carlisle; ambassador extraordinary to Russia, Sweden, and Denmark, 1663; published account of the embassy, 1669; beet-known work, the New State of England 1691, Scotland and Ireland being subsequently added; published also French and English dictionaries and grammars.

[457] John Miers (1789–1879), engineer and botanist; accompanied Lord Cochrane to Chile, 1818; made collections of birds, insects, and plants; settled in London, 1836; F.L.S., 1839; F.R.S., 1K43; published Travels in Chile and La Plata 1825, and botanical works.

[458] Mark Milbanke (1725?-18()5, admiral : entered navy, 1737; lieutenant, 1744; promoted to command the Serpent, 1746; commissioner to Morocco, 1759; miradmiral of the white, 1779; sat on the court-martial of Admiral Keppel; vice-admiral of the blue, 1780; portadmiral at Plymouth, 17H3-6; commander-in-chiuf in Newfoundland, 1790-2; admiral, 1793; commauder-inchief at Portsmouth, 1799-1803.

[459] John Milbourn(fl. 1773–1790), portrait painter ; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1772-4.

[460] Luke Milbourne (1622–1668), ejected nonconformist divine; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1646; perpetual curate of Houiley; royalist; in retirement at Kenilworth, 1645-60: ejected, 1668: schoolmaster at Coventry; compelled to leave by the Five Mile Act, 166B.

[461] Luke Milbourne (1649–1720), poet ; son of Luke Milbourne (1622-1668); of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; held chaplaincies at Hamburg, Rotterdam, and Harwich; rector of St. Ethelburga's, London, 1704; supported Dr. Sacheverell; attempted an English rendering of Virgil; chiefly remembered by his subsequent strictures on Drydeu's translations of Virgil, and the retaliation made by Dryden and Pope.

[462] Milburg, Mildburga or Mildburh (d. 722?), saint and abbess; reputed miracle- worker; built nunnery at Winwick or Wenlock, 680, restored by the Earl of Shrewsbury, 1080; her day 23 Feb.

[463] Sir Anthony Mildmay (d. 1617), ambassador ; son of Sir Walter Mildmay; was educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge; entered at Gray's Inn, 1579; knighted, 1596; ambassador to Henry IV of France, 1596-7.

[464] Sir Henry Mildmay (d. 1664?), master of the king's jewel-house; knighted, 1617; master of the king's jewel-house, 1620; M.P., Maldon, 1620, Westbury, 1624, Maldon again, 1625-60: attended Charles I to Scotland, 1639; deserted the king, 1641; revenue commissioner, 1645-52; left as hostage in Scotland, 1646; present at Charles I's trial; member of state councils, 1649-62; attempted escape when called on to account for the king's jewels, 1660; degraded and sentenced to imprisonment for life; warrant issued for his transportation to Tangier, 1664; died at Antwerp on the way.

[465] Sir Walter Mildmay (1520?–1589), chancellor of the exchequer and founder of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; entered Gray's Inn, 1546; surveyor-general of the court of augmentation, 1545; knighted, and appointed revenue commissioner, 1547; examiner of the mint accounts, 1550; M.P., Maldon, 1563, Peterborough, 1553, Northamptonshire, 1557-89; after Elizabeth's accession directed the issue of a new coinage, 1560; chancellor of the exchequer and auditor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1566; a commissioner at the trial of Mary Queen of Scots, 1586; founded Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1585; benefactor of Christ's Hospital, London, Christ's College, Cambridge, and other educational institutions.

[466] Mildred or Mildryth (d. 700?), saint and abbess; sister of Milburg; instructed in ecclesiastical learning at Chelles, near Paris; being persecuted by the abbess, escaped to England and succeeded her mother as abbess of Minster, St. Augustine's, and St. Gregory's, Canterbury. The two latter houses claimed possession of her body.

[467] Miles de Gloucester, Earl of Hereford (d. 1143). See Gloucester.

[468] Charles Popham Miles (1810–1891), divine ; son of William Augustus Miles; midshipman in the navy; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1851: chaplain of the SailorsHome, London Docks, 1838; principal of Malta Proi.-tant College, 1858-67; rector of Monk weanuouth, 1HC.7 S3; edited his faondence and ptibli-i.i-l n -lit; ions treatise*,

[469] Edward Miles (d. 1798), miniature-painter; copied some of Reynolds pictures; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1776-97.

[470] George Francis Miles, known as Frank (1852-1891), painter; known for a series of pretty female heads; student of Japanese art and botany.

[471] Henry Miles (1698–1763), dissenting minister and scientific writer; F.R.S., 1743; communicated scientific papers to Philosophical Transactions, 1741-63.

[472] John Miles (1621–1684). See Myles.

[473] Mrs Sibella Elizabeth Miles (1800–1882), poetess; nee Hatfield; kept boarding-school at Penzance: married Alfred Miles, 1833; published poems and prose works.

[474] William Miles (d. 1860), major-general, Indian army; entered army, 1799; lieutenant, 1800; captain, 1815; concluded treaty with rajah of Rodanpur, 1820; major, 1821; lieutenant-colonel, 1824; captured Mergui; concluded treaty with Suigam chiefs, 1826; political resident at Pallampur, 1829; brevet-colonel, 1829; translated oriental works.

[475] William Augustus Miles (1763?–1817), political writer; held appointment in ordnance office, 1770; served under Rodney in West Indies; prisoner of war in St. Lucia; settled at Seraing, near Liege, 1783; corresponded with Pitt; met all the leading French politicians at Paris, 1790: pensioned, 1791; suggested a Suez canal, 1791; author of political tracts and two comic operas; published pamphlet on the then Prince of Wales's debts, 1795, which went through thirteen editions; died at Paris, where he was collecting materials for a history of the French revolution.

[476] John Miley (1805?–1861), Roman catholic divine ; educated at Maynooth and Rome; D.D.: endeavoured to reconcile the young Ireland party and Daniel O'Oonnell , 1846; accompanied O'Counell to Italy, 1847; rector of the Irish College, Paris, 1849-59; vicar of Bray, 1859; wrote on ecclesiastical history.

[477] Henry Mill (1683?–1771), engineer: engineer to the New River Company, 1720; carried out Houghton Hall water supply; possibly invented a type-writer, 1714.

[478] Humphrey Mill or Mille (fl. 1646), verse-writer.

[479] James Mill (fl. 1744), Indian colonel; captain and second in command of the East India Company's military in Bengal, 1743; submitted project for the conquest of India to Francis, duke of Lorraine, 1744.

[480] James Mill (1773–1836), utilitarian philosopher: educated at Edinburgh by Sir John Stuart of Fettercairn; licensed to preach, 1798; came to London, 1802; became editor of the Literary Journal 1803, and the St. James's Chronicle 1805: wrote for the Edinburgh Review," 18081818; met Benthain, 1808; promulgate* of Benthamism in England; supported his family by writing, at the same time working at his history of India; abandoned theology after his acquaintance with Beutham; took active part in Bell and Lancaster educational controversy, supporting the Lancasterian institution; formed an association to set up a Chrestomathic school for superior education on the same lines, 1814, the outcome being the formation of the London University, 1826: published History of India," 1818; assistant to the examiner of India correspondence, 1819; second assistant, 1821; assistant-examiner, 1823; examiner, 1830: encouraged Ricardo to publish his political economy; took part in meetings at Ricardo's house, which resulted in the Political Economy Club founded 1820: contributed utilitarian articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica 1816-23, and to the 4 Westminster Review started (1824) as the official Benthamite organ; wrote in the London Review 1836. He published an essay on the export of grain, 1804, Commerce Defended 1808, History of India 1818, Elements of Political Economy 1821, Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind 182U v and Fragment on Mackintosh 1835.

[481] John Mill (1646–1707), principal of St Edmund HauToxford: M.A. Queen (Allege, Oxford, 1669; D.D., SSl- speaker of theOratto Panegyricaat the open of tfaftSheklonian Theatre, 1669; prebendary of Exeter, rector of Bletchington and chaplain to Charles II, llsi: elected principal of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1685;

[482] [John Stuart Mill (1806-1878), philosopher; son of James Mill (1778-1886): educated entirely by his father before he was fourteen had studied classical literature. logic, political economy, history, general literaSeTand BSthSoatics; visited France, 1820; junior clerk In the India House. 1823; formal the Utilitarian Dootetj. which met to read essays and discuss them, 1818-6: edited Bentham's Treatise upon Evidence 1825; Mtitttid in the formation of the Speculative Society, 1826; visited Paris, 1880; contributed to the London Review started (1836) a* an organ of philosophical radicalism; was its proprietor, 1837-40; published hisLogic 1843, and Political Economy 1848; retired with a pension on the dissolution of theEast India Company, 1858; M.P., Westminster, 1866-8: a follower of William Ewart Gladstone: rector of St. Andrews University, 1866: returned to literary pursuits, 1868. His works, devoted to the humanising and widening of utilitarian teaching, include A System of Logic 1848, essays onPolitical Economy 1844 Principles of Political Economy 1848, On Liberty 1869. Thoughts on Parliamentary Reform 1859, Representative Government 1861,Utilitarianism 1863,Examination of Sir William Hamilton's Philosophy 1866, August* Oomte and Positivism 1865, The Subjection of Women 1869, Chapters and Speeches on the Irish Land Question 1870, Autobiography 1873, and Three Essays on Religion posthumously published, 1874.

[483] Walter Mill (d. 1558). See Mylne.

[484] William Hodge Mill (1792–1853), orientalist; rixth wrangler, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1813; fellow, 1814; MA., 1816; first principal of Bishop's College, Calcutta, 1820; vice-president, Bengal Asiatic Society, 1888-7; regius professor of Hebrew at Cambridge, with canonry at Ely, 1848; chief work, Christa-Sangita (the Gospel-story in Sanskrit).

[485] Sir John Everett Millais (1829 - 1896), painter, and president of Royal Academy; a native of Southampton; lived during various periods of early life In Jersey and Brittany; came to London, 1838: studied art under Henry Bass; entered Royal Academy school*, 1840, and obtained gold medal for painting The Young Men of Benjamin seizing their Brides 1846: first exhibited at Royal Academy Pizarro seizing the Inca of Pen 1846: originated (1848), with Mr. Holman Hunt, the pre-Raphaelite movement, soon joined by Dante Gabriel Rouetti, who exerted influence on some of MUlais's subsequent work; bis most successful pre-Raphaelite picture,Isabella 1849; great hostility aroused by his Christ in the House of his Parents 1850, owing to the unconventional treatment of a scene in the life of the Holy Family; among the most notable of his works at this period areThe Return of the Dove to the Ark and Mariana of the Moated Grange 1861,The Huguenot and Ophelia 1852, The Proscribed Royalist and The Order of Release 1853; A.R.A., 1853; married, 1865, Euphemia Chalmers, daughter of George Gray, who had obtained a decree of the nullity of her marriage with Ruskin: exhibitedAutumn Leavesand concluded 1866, Sir Isumbras at the Fordand The Escape of a Heretic 1857, Apple Blossomsand The Vale of Rest 1859; deviated from the pre-Raphaele manner in hisBlack Brunswicker 1860; R.A., ite ; exhibited 'The Eve of St. Agnes,' 1863, 'Jephthah 1867, Rosalind and Oelia 1868,The Boyhood of , tool, nvpoiiuu MM ieuu, ioc, me uoynooa or &bThe Knight Errant 1870, andVictory, O I? Ohill October (his first exhibited pure landscape), 1871; after 1870 devoted himself mainly to portrait and landscape, and to single figures of children and pretty "NSiSP 6 1 exbibitel . A Yeoman of the i, 1877,The Princes In the Tower,* 1878, andThe Elizabeth 1879: painted bin own portrait for ths tflUi Gallery, Florence, 1880; created baronet, 1885; the last subject picture exhibited by him, The Forerunner: P.R.A, 1896.

[486] Andrew Millar (fl. 1503–1508). See Androw Myllar.

[487] Andrew Millar (1707–1768), publisher; published Johnson's Dictionary Thomson'sSeasons Fielding's vorks, and the histories of Robertson and Hume.

[488] James Millar (1762–1827), physician and miscellaneous writer; educated at Glasgow: M.D. and F.R.C.P. Edinburgh; chaplain to Glasgow University; edited the fourth and part of the fifth editions of the Encyclopaedia Britannica 1810-17, also the Encyclopaedia Edinensis 1827.

[489] John Millar (1735–1801), professor of law; educated under Adam Smith at Glasgow; intimate with James Watt; an advocate, 1760; professor of law at Glasgow, 1761; lectured on civil law, jurisprudence, Scottish and English law; member of the Literary Society; sympathised with the French revolution, and opposed the slave trade; published The Origin of the Distinction of Ranks 1771, and Historical View of the English Government 1787.

[490] John Millar (1733–1805), medical writer ; M.D. Edinburgh; physician, Westminster General Dispensary, London, 1774; published medical works.

[491] William Millar (d. 1838), lieutenant-general ; colonel commandant, royal artillery; son of John Millar (1735-1801); second lieutenant, royal artillery, 1781; first lieutenant, 1787; captain lieutenant, 1794; captain, 1799; major, 1806; lieutenant-colonel, 1806; colonel, 1814; major-general, 1831; colonel commandant, 1834; lieutenant-general. 1837; originated the 10-inch and 8-inch shell-guns; inspector-general of artillery, 1827; director-general of the field-train department, 1833.

[492] Andrew Miller (d. 1763), mezzotint-engraver, mainly of portraits.

[493] Anna Miller , Lny (1741–1781), verse- writer ; nie Riggs; married John Miller of Ballicasey, 1765: travelled in Italy, 1770-1, publishing an account; her husband created an Irish baronet, 1778; instituted a literary salon at Batheastou, at which each guest was invited to contribute an original poem; four volumes of the compositions published.

[494] Edward Miller (1731–1807), organist and historian of Doncaster; trained by Dr. Burney at King's Lynn; organist of Doncaster, 1756-1807; created Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1786; set the psalms to music, 1774: published Thorough Bass and Composition 1787, History and Antiquities of Doncaster 1804; taught Francis Linley.

[495] George Miller (1764 - 1848), divine; MA. Trinity College, Dublin, 1789; fellow, 1789; D.D., 1799; assistant-professor of modern history, Dublin, 1799-1803; head-master of the royal school, Armagh, 1817; as vicargeneral of the diocese of Armagh (1843) settled important points in law of marriage and divorce: member of the Royal Irish Academy; published two pamphlets on the Athanasian creed, 1825 and 1826, besides sermons and miscellanea; Newman's Tract XC partly elicited by his Letter to Pusey, 1840.

[496] Hugh Miller (1802–1856), man of letters and geologist; stonemason by trade; accountant in the Commercial Bank at Cromarty, 1834; contributed to Mackay Wilson's Tales of the Borders; became editor of the Witness 1840. the uon-intrusionistsorgan; his Old Red Sandstone(published serially in the Witness) republished, 1841; ckief works, Footprints of the Creator 1847,My Schools and Schoolmasters 1852, andThe Testimony of the Rocks published, 1857.

[497] James Miller (1706–1744), playwright ; of Wadham College, Oxford: lecturer at Trinity Chapel, Conduit Street, London; took to dramatic writing to enlarge his iucorna; but by his supposed representation of the keepers of Temple coffee-house caused the templars to ruin his subsequent pieces; his principal plays, Humours of Oxford 1730, The Man of Taste 1785 (an adaptation of Molicrc, to be distinguished from a like-named piece attacking Pope), Universal Passion, 1 1737, -The Coffeehouse 1737, andMahomet the Impostor 1744.

[498] James Miller (1812–1884), surgeon; educated at St. Andrews and Edinburgh Universities; L.R.O.8., 1832; assistant to Robert Listen. 1842; surgeon in ordinary to Queen Victoria, 1848; published surgical works.

[499] John Miller (fl. 1780), architect: studied in Italy; practised in London; published books on architecture, with designs,

[500] John Miller , otherwise Johann Sebastian Müller (1716?–1790?), draughtsman and engraver; born at Nuremberg; came to England, 1744; published Illustration of the Sexual System in Plant* 1777 (arranged according to the system of Dr. Linnaeus); also executed other plates, including those for Lord Bute's Botanical Tables 1786.

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