Kim Jo-sun (politician)

Korean name
Hangul	김조순
Hanja	金祖淳
Revised Romanization	Gim Josun
McCune–Reischauer	Kim Chosun
Art name
Hangul	풍고
Hanja	楓皐
Revised Romanization	Punggo
McCune–Reischauer	Punggo
Courtesy name
Hangul	사원
Hanja	士源
Revised Romanization	Sawon
McCune–Reischauer	Sawon
Posthumous name
Hangul	충문
Hanja	忠文
Revised Romanization	Chungmun
McCune–Reischauer	Ch'ungmun

Kim Jo-sun
김조순
**Internal Prince Yeongan**
Kim Jo-sun; 김조순 Internal Prince Yeongan
	Portrayal of Kim Jo-sun in his declining age (1832)
Chief State Councilor of Joseon
	In office; 31 January 1800 – 9 January 1811
Appointed by	Jeongjo of Joseon; Sunjo of Joseon
Regent of Joseon
	In office; December 1803 – March 1804
Monarch	Sunjo of Joseon
Personal details
Born	Kim Jo-sun; 1765; Joseon
Died	1832 (aged about 66); Hanseong, Joseon
Spouse	Internal Princess Consort Cheongyang of the Cheongsong Shim clan
Children	4 sons and 4 daughters, including Queen Sunwon and Kim Jwa-geun
Parents	Kim Yi-jung (father); Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (mother);

Kim Jo-sun (Korean: 김조순; Hanja: 金祖淳; 1765–1832) was a Korean political figure during the late Joseon period.^[1] He came from the (new) Andong Kim clan (신 안동 김씨; 新安東金氏). He served as a minister in the royal court and orchestrated the Andong Kim clan's takeover of power.^[2] He was the father of Queen Sunwon.^[3]^[4] After his daughter became the Queen Consort, his son-in-law, Sunjo of Joseon, honored him as the Internal Prince Yeongan (영안 부원군; 永安府院君).

Political influence

After Queen Jeongsun stepped down as regent, Kim Jo-sun, already held an influential court member, purged his political rivals to help secure the position of his family and political faction.^[5] This began the era of Sedo politics, or oligarchic rule,^[6] of the Andong Kim clan. Kim was a leading member of the Noron Faction. This marked the beginning of a sixty-year period, spanning the reign of three kings (Sunjo, Heonjong, and Cheoljong), in which the real power in the country was wielded by the Andong Kims.

Kim Jo-sun acted as regent for Sunjo, with the reins of power firmly in his grip. Local magistrates and provincial governors alike had to curry favor with the Andong Kim clan to maintain their positions. Kim Jo-sun's son, Kim Jwa-geun, took over the Andong Kim clan as it was attaining the height of its influence.^[7]^[8]

Family

Father
- Kim Yi-jung (김이중; 金履中)
Mother
- Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (평산 신씨)
Wife
- Internal Princess Consort Cheongyang of the Cheongsong Shim clan (청양부부인 청송 심씨; 靑陽府夫人靑松沈氏; 1766 –1828)
Children
- Son: Kim Yu-geun (김유근; 金逌根; March 1785 – July 1840); became the adoptive son of Kim Yong-sun (김용순; 金龍淳)
- Son: Kim Won-geun (김원근; 金元根; 1786–1832)
- Daughter: Queen Sunwon of the Andong Kim clan (순원왕후 김씨; 8 June 1789 – 21 September 1857)
  - Son-in-law: King Sunjo of Joseon (순조대왕; 純祖大王; 29 July 1790 – 13 December 1834)
    - Grandson: Yi Yeong, Crown Prince Hyomyeong (효명세자; 孝明世子; 18 September 1809 – 25 June 1830)
    - Granddaughter: Princess Myeongon (명온공주; 1810–1832)
    - Granddaughter: Princess Bokon (복온공주; 24 November 1818 – 10 June 1832)
    - Unnamed grandson (1820–1820)
    - Granddaughter: Princess Deokon (덕온공주; 1822–1844)
    - Adoptive grandson: King Cheoljong of Joseon (25 July 1831 – 16 January 1864)
- Son: Kim Jwa-geun (김좌근; 金左根; 1797 – 5 June 1869)
- Daughter: Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan (신 안동 김씨; 新安東金氏)
- Daughter: Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan (신 안동 김씨; 新安東金氏)
- Daughter: Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan (신 안동 김씨; 新安東金氏)
- Son: Kim Son-geun (김손근; 金遜根)

Books

Punggomunjib (풍고문집)
Odaegeomhyeopjeon (오대검협전)

References

^ Lee, Janghee (16 August 2018). Seoul's Historic Walks in Sketches. Seoul Selection. ISBN 978-1-62412-114-2.
^ Tapsahoe, Han'guk Munhwa Yusan (2007). Seoul: A Field Guide to History. Dolbegae Publishers. ISBN 978-89-7199-289-0.
^ 韓國史研究論選: 朝鮮後期史 (in Korean). 百頭文化. 2000.
^ "[DBR] '안동金씨' 최고 권력 터 닦은 김조순. 왕실만을 섬긴 '겸손', 명과 암을 낳다". 동아비즈니스리뷰 (in Korean). February 2016.
^ Kang, Chae-ŏn; Kang, Jae-eun (2006). The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism. Homa & Sekey Books. ISBN 978-1-931907-30-9.
^ Eom, Tae Yeon (2012). Collusive oligopolistic politics : sedo and the political structure of early-nineteenth-century Chosŏn Korea. University of British Columbia (Thesis). University of British Columbia. doi:10.14288/1.0073361. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
^ 제작팀, KBS 역사저널 그날 (29 November 2016). 역사저널 그날 7: 영조에서 순조까지 (in Korean). 민음사. ISBN 978-89-374-1747-4.
^ 조선군주의정치기술 (in Korean). 거송미디어. 2003. ISBN 978-89-87948-30-0.

[1] Lee, Janghee (16 August 2018). Seoul's Historic Walks in Sketches. Seoul Selection. ISBN 978-1-62412-114-2.

[2] Tapsahoe, Han'guk Munhwa Yusan (2007). Seoul: A Field Guide to History. Dolbegae Publishers. ISBN 978-89-7199-289-0.

[3] 韓國史研究論選: 朝鮮後期史 (in Korean). 百頭文化. 2000.

[4] "[DBR] '안동金씨' 최고 권력 터 닦은 김조순. 왕실만을 섬긴 '겸손', 명과 암을 낳다". 동아비즈니스리뷰 (in Korean). February 2016.

[5] Kang, Chae-ŏn; Kang, Jae-eun (2006). The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism. Homa & Sekey Books. ISBN 978-1-931907-30-9.

[6] Eom, Tae Yeon (2012). Collusive oligopolistic politics : sedo and the political structure of early-nineteenth-century Chosŏn Korea. University of British Columbia (Thesis). University of British Columbia. doi:10.14288/1.0073361. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

[7] 제작팀, KBS 역사저널 그날 (29 November 2016). 역사저널 그날 7: 영조에서 순조까지 (in Korean). 민음사. ISBN 978-89-374-1747-4.

[8] 조선군주의정치기술 (in Korean). 거송미디어. 2003. ISBN 978-89-87948-30-0.

[1]

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