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Beta Serpentis

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β Serpentis
Location of β Serpentis (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Serpens
Right ascension 15h 46m 11.25435s[1]
Declination +15° 25′ 18.5959″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +3.65[2] (3.68 + 9.7)[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type A2 V[4] or A2 IV[5] + K3 V[3]
U−B color index +0.09[2]
B−V color index +0.073[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+0.6±0.3[6] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +65.38[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −38.61[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)21.03 ± 0.26 mas[1]
Distance155 ± 2 ly
(47.6 ± 0.6 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+0.30/+6.59[7]
Details[8]
Mass1.828+0.027
−0.03 M☉
Radius4.195 (equatorial)
3.07 (polar) R☉
Luminosity58.17+2.57
−2.25 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.27[9] cgs
Temperature6,967 (equatorial)
9,359 (polar) K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)216.6+8.1
−8.7 km/s
Age610+14
−35 Myr
Other designations
β Ser, 28 Serpentis, BD+15° 2911, HD 141003, HIP 77233, HR 5867, SAO 101725, ADS 9778, CCDM 15461+1525[10]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Beta Serpentis, Latinized from β Serpentis, is a binary star[3] system in the constellation Serpens, in its head (Serpens Caput). It is visible to the naked eye with a combined apparent visual magnitude of +3.65.[2] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 21.03 mas as seen from Earth,[1] it is located around 155 light years from the Sun. The system is a member of the Ursa Major Moving Group.[7]

Components

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The visual magnitude +3.68 primary, component A, is either an ordinary A-type main-sequence star or somewhat evolved subgiant with a stellar classification of A2 V[4] or A2 IV,[5] respectively. The star is about 610 million years old with 1.8 the mass of the Sun. It is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 216.6 km/s, which causes it to have an oblate shape, as well as hotter temperatures in the poles due to gravity darkening. The equatorial radius measures 4.2 R☉ and has an effective temperature of 6,967 K, while the polar radius measures 3.7 R☉ and has an effective temperature of 9,359 K.[8]

The secondary component, visual magnitude 9.7 B, lies at an angular separation of 30.6 arc seconds. It is a main-sequence star with a class of K3 V.[3]

There is a magnitude +10.98 visual companion, designated component C, located 202 arcseconds away.[11]

Nomenclature

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It was a member of indigenous Arabic asterism al-Nasaq al-Sha'āmī, "the Northern Line" of al-Nasaqān "the Two Lines",[12] along with β Her (Kornephoros), γ Her (Hejian, Ho Keen) and γ Ser (Zheng, Ching).[13]

According to the catalogue of stars in the Technical Memorandum 33-507 - A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars, al-Nasaq al-Sha'āmī or Nasak Shamiya were the title for three stars :β Ser as Nasak Shamiya I, γ Ser as Nasak Shamiya II, γ Her as Nasak Shamiya III (exclude β Her).[14]

In Chinese, 天市右垣 (Tiān Shì Y��u Yuán), meaning Right Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure, refers to an asterism which represents eleven old states in China and which marks the right borderline of the enclosure, consisting of β Serpentis, β Herculis, γ Herculis, κ Herculis, γ Serpentis, δ Serpentis, α Serpentis, ε Serpentis, δ Ophiuchi, ε Ophiuchi and ζ Ophiuchi.[15] Consequently, the Chinese name for β Serpentis itself is 天市右垣五 (Tiān Shì Yòu Yuán wu, English: the Fifth Star of Right Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure), represent Zhou (周) (possibly Chow, the dynasty in China),[16][17][18] together with η Capricorni and 21 Capricorni in Twelve States (asterism).[19]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. ^ a b c Lutz, T. E.; Lutz, J. H. (June 1977), "Spectral classification and UBV photometry of bright visual double stars", Astronomical Journal, 82: 431–434, Bibcode:1977AJ.....82..431L, doi:10.1086/112066.
  3. ^ a b c d Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
  4. ^ a b c Jones, Jeremy; et al. (November 2015), "The Ages of A-Stars. I. Interferometric Observations and Age Estimates for Stars in the Ursa Major Moving Group", The Astrophysical Journal, 813 (1): 18, arXiv:1508.05643, Bibcode:2015ApJ...813...58J, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/813/1/58, S2CID 16600591, 58.
  5. ^ a b Gray, R. O.; Garrison, R. F. (December 1987), "The Early A-Type Stars: Refined MK Classification, Confrontation with Stroemgren Photometry, and the Effects of Rotation", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 65: 581, Bibcode:1987ApJS...65..581G, doi:10.1086/191237.
  6. ^ Gontcharov, G. A. (November 2006), "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35495 Hipparcos stars in a common system", Astronomy Letters, 32 (11): 759–771, arXiv:1606.08053, Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G, doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065, S2CID 119231169.
  7. ^ a b King, Jeremy R.; et al. (April 2003), "Stellar Kinematic Groups. II. A Reexamination of the Membership, Activity, and Age of the Ursa Major Group", The Astronomical Journal, 125 (4): 1980–2017, Bibcode:2003AJ....125.1980K, doi:10.1086/368241.
  8. ^ a b Jones, Jeremy; White, R. J.; Boyajian, T.; Schaefer, G.; Baines, E.; Ireland, M.; Patience, J.; Brummelaar, T. ten; McAlister, H.; Ridgway, S. T.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L.; Turner, N.; Farrington, C.; Goldfinger, P. J. (2015-10-28). "The Ages of A-Stars I: Interferometric Observations and Age Estimates for Stars in the Ursa Major Moving Group". The Astrophysical Journal. 813 (1): 58. arXiv:1508.05643. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/813/1/58. ISSN 1538-4357.
  9. ^ David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015), "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets", The Astrophysical Journal, 804 (2): 146, arXiv:1501.03154, Bibcode:2015ApJ...804..146D, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146, S2CID 33401607.
  10. ^ "bet Ser". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2017-09-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  11. ^ Mason, B. D.; et al. (2014), "The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog", The Astronomical Journal, 122 (6): 3466, Bibcode:2001AJ....122.3466M, doi:10.1086/323920
  12. ^ Kunitzsch, P.; Smart, T. (2006), A Dictionary of Modern Star names: A Short Guide to 254 Star names and Their Derivations (Second Revised ed.), Cambridge, Massachusetts: Sky Publishing, p. 31, ISBN 1-931559-44-9.
  13. ^ Allen, R. H. (1963) [1899], "Hercules", Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Dover ed.), New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc, p. 243, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, retrieved 2017-09-22.
  14. ^ Rhoads, Jack W. (November 15, 1971), Technical Memorandum 33-507-A Reduced Star Catalog Containing 537 Named Stars (PDF), California Institute of Technology: Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  15. ^ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  16. ^ Allen, R. H. (1963) [1899], "Serpens", Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Dover ed.), New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc, p. 376, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, retrieved 2017-09-22.
  17. ^ (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 6 月 24 日
  18. ^ (in Chinese) English-Chinese Glossary of Chinese Star Regions, Asterisms and Star Name Archived 2010-08-10 at the Wayback Machine, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  19. ^ Allen, R. H. (1963) [1899], "Capricornus", Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Dover ed.), New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc, p. 142, ISBN 0-486-21079-0, retrieved 2017-09-22.
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