Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainalif

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Compound of *ainaz (“one”) and *-lif (“left over”), from *lībaną (“to remain, be left”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯.nɑ.liɸ/

Numeral

**Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers**
< 10	11	12 >
Cardinal : ainalif Ordinal* : ainaliftô Multiplier* : *ainaliffalþaz

*ainalif^[1]

eleven

Descendants

Old English: endleofan, enlefen — Mercian, endlufon — West Saxon
- Middle English: elleven, eleven, elleovene, ellevene, ellevyn, endleve, enleve, enleven
  - English: eleven
  - Middle Scots: ane-levin, alevin, ellevin, elevin, levin
    - Scots: eleiven, eleeven
Old Frisian: andlova, alleva, elleva
- North Frisian: alwen
- Saterland Frisian: alwen
- West Frisian: alve
Old Saxon: ellevan
- Middle Low German: elvene
  - Low German:
    - Dutch Low Saxon: elf
    - German Low German: elf, eleve, ölve, ölven
      Hamburgisch: ülben, ölben
    - Westphalian:
      Sauerländisch: elf, elwe, elbe, elwene, elewe, elef, elewene, elewen
      Westmünsterländisch: elf
  - Plautdietsch: alf
Old Dutch: *ellef
- Middle Dutch: ellef, elf
  - Dutch: elf
    - Afrikaans: elf
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: alfu, elfu
    - Jersey Dutch: ālf
    - Negerhollands: elf, elef
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: elk
    - → Sranan Tongo: erfu
      - → Aukan: elufu
      - → Saramaccan: elúfu
Old High German: einlif
- Middle High German: einlif, einlef, eilif, eilef, eilf
  - Alemannic German: eintlef, einlef
  - Bavarian:
    Cimbrian: ölbe
  - Central Franconian: ellef
  - German: elf
  - Luxembourgish: eelef
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Pennsylvania German: elf
  - Vilamovian: alf
  - Yiddish: עלף (elf)
Old Norse: ellifu
- Icelandic: ellefu
- Faroese: ellivu
- Norwegian: elleve
- Jamtish: elluv
- Elfdalian: ellåv
- Old Swedish: ællivu, ællivo, ællevo, ælleve, ælleva, ællovo, ællova
  - Swedish: elva, (archaic or dialectal) ellova
- Old Danish: ællifu, ællæuæ, ælløuæ, ællefue
  - Danish: elleve
- Gutnish: elve, elvå, elvu
Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌻𐌹𐍆 (ainlif)

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*ainalifa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 11

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*ainalifa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 11

[1]