Xuansha Shibei

Xuansha Shibei was born in Fuzhou in 835 and became a monk on Mount Furong in 860. He first studied with a monk named Yitong (義通) and later with the Hongzhou master Furong Lingxun. Shibei travelled to Kaiyuan Temple in Zhongling (鍾陵, modern-day Jiangxi), where he received monastic precepts from the Vinaya master Daoxuan in 864. Two years later, he visited Chan master Xuefeng Yicun and became his disciple. Xuansha followed the precepts so precisely that he received the nickname Bei Tuotuo (with "Tuotuo" meaning Dhutanga). He subsequently left Xuefeng and established a cloister on Mount Sheng (also known as Mount Xuansha) named Xuansha (玄沙). In 898, he was summoned to live in the cloister of Anguoyin in Fujian by the king of Min. He died in 908.

• Brose, Benjamin (2015-08-31). Patrons and Patriarchs: Regional Rulers and Chan Monks during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-5381-5.
• "Xuansha Shibei". The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. 2014. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8. OCLC 864788798.