The Saison[1] (French pronunciation: [sɛzɔ̃] ) or Uhaitz Handia[2] is a left tributary of the Gave d'Oloron river in the French Basque Country, (Pyrénées-Atlantiques), Southwest of France. Its general south to north direction provides the axis for the former French province of Soule. It is also known as the Gave de Mauléon. It is 72.2 km (44.9 mi) long, including its upper courses Zurkaitzegiko erreka and Gave de Larrau.[3]
| Saison | |
|---|---|
 | |
   | |
| Location | |
| Country | France |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Licq-Athérey |
| • elevation | 288 m (945 ft) |
| Mouth | |
• location | Gave d'Oloron |
• coordinates | 43°24′8″N 0°58′27″W / 43.40222°N 0.97417°W |
| Length | 72 km (45 mi) |
| Basin size | 627 km2 (242 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | Gave d'Oloron→ Gaves réunis→ Adour→ Atlantic Ocean |
Geography
editThe river is formed in Licq-Athérey from the confluence of the Gave de Sainte-Engrâce (from the Pierre-Saint-Martin Cave) and the Gave de Larrau (from the Pic d'Orhy).
It flows north and joins the Gave d'Oloron in Autevielle-Saint-Martin-Bideren, downstream from Sauveterre-de-Béarn.
Départements and towns
editThe Saison flows completely within the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department.[3] The riverside towns are Tardets-Sorholus and Mauléon-Licharre.
Name
editThe vernacular name Uhaitz handia (or simply Uhaitza) is based on the common word uhaitz meaning "torrential river" in Euskara. It corresponds to the French word gave. -a is the article and handi means big.
The enigmatic gascon name Saison could be a contraction season with the former name Gaison, itself derived from the variant ugaitz of uhaitz.
Tributary names are also linguistically interesting, with two specific stems:
- Aphanize: name of tributaries from Montory (Aphanize) and from Haux (Aphanixe).[4]
- Aphahura: leading to the following names: Aphaura (from Aroue and from Arrast,[5] Aphura (from Alçay), Aphuhura (from Aussurucq).
The stem gezal, a derivate of basque gazi 'salty', applied to 'still water', is also represented.
Main tributaries
edit- (R) Aphanixe (Appaniche), from Haux
- (L) Elgabarrena or Üthürrotxa, from Etchebar
- (R) Aphanize,[6] from Montory
- (L) Aphura or Aphoura, from Alçay
- (L) Gezala / Guéçala, from Camou-Cihigue
- (L) Aphuhura (Aphouhoura) or Gezaleko erreka / Guéçalia, from Aussurucq
- (L) Arangorena, from Ordiarp
- (L) Abarrakia, from Musculdy
- (R) Aphaura,[7] from Arrast-Larrebieu,
- (L) Barlako erreka or Aphaura,[8] from Aroue,
- (L) Héourqué, from Lohitzun-Oyhercq
- (L) Xuhukoa, from Domezain
References
edit- ^ Gaison on the 18th century map by Cassini; Sazon in 1548.
- ^ Uhaits handia on the map of Cassini
- ^ a b Sandre. "Fiche cours d'eau - Le Saison (Q7--0250)".
- ^ x [X] is a softened allomorph of the phoneme z (laminal [s] as the French ss).
- ^ also graphied Aphanire following Paul Raymond, Dictionnaire topographique du département des Basses-Pyrénées, 1863.
- ^ Aphanize, Aphanice
- ^ L'Apaure, la Phaure…
- ^ La Phaure, Lafaure…