Wikipedia

Rosemary Carpenter

Not to be confused with Rosemary Carpenter Fitzgerald.

Rosemary Carpenter is a British plant geneticist known for her work on members of the genus Antirrhinum, commonly known as a snapdragon, for which she and Enrico Coen were awarded the 2004 Darwin Medal by the Royal Society.[1]

Rosemary Carpenter
Alma materUniversity of East Anglia
Scientific career
InstitutionsJohn Innes Centre
ThesisStudies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus (1998)

Career

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Starting in the 1960, Carpenter worked with Brian Harrison at the John Innes Centre on unstable mutants of the snapdragon Antirrhinum.[2] After meeting Carpenter during an interview at the John Innes Centre in 1983, Enrico Coen joined the center and they began a long collaboration with him using snapdragons as a model system to understand jumping genes and evolution.[3][2] They applied a combination of molecular, genetic and morphological approaches to snapdragons with the goal of elucidating patterns in flower development[4] using the hundreds of Antirrhihum mutants established by Carpenter.[5] Carpenter retired in 2003.[6]

 
Carpenter is a plant geneticist who worked on Antirrhinum, snapdragons.

Research

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Carpenter is a plant geneticist known for her research on the population genetics of the snapdragon, Antirrhihum.[7][2] Working with Brian Harrison in the 1970s, she defined genetic instabilities in Antirrhinum and the role of temperature in controlling the rate of instability of specific genes[8][9] and transposable elements that occur in both maize and snapdragons.[10] This was the first time a link between genetic instability and Antirrhihum was formalized, a milestone in research using snapdragons.[11] The instability of genes in snapdragons begin Carpenter's collaboration with Enrico Coen, where they first worked on transposons and the effect of temperature on the excision of specific genes[12] and how the transposable elements cause variability in gene expression.[13][14] Carpenter, Coen, and their students isolated the genes controlling floral development.[15][16][17] These genetic investigations allowed them to define the patterns of color,[18][19] shape,[20][21][22] and floral asymmetry[23][24] in snapdragons and other plants. Carpenter's research on snapdragons includes investigations of how snapdragons select their colors using small RNA,[25] which alter the selection of colors in the snapdragons.[26]

Selected publications

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  • Carpenter, R; Coen, E S (1 September 1990). "Floral homeotic mutations produced by transposon-mutagenesis in Antirrhinum majus". Genes & Development. 4 (9): 1483–1493. doi:10.1101/gad.4.9.1483. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 1979295.
  • Coen, Enrico S.; Romero, JoséM.; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 63 (6): 1311–1322. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-F. PMID 1702033. S2CID 46586130.
  • Carpenter, R.; Coen, E.S. (1 January 1995). "Transposon induced chimeras show that floricaula, a meristem identity gene, acts non-autonomously between cell layers". Development. 121 (1): 19–26. doi:10.1242/dev.121.1.19. ISSN 0950-1991. PMID 7867500.
  • Luo, Da; Carpenter, Rosemary; Vincent, Coral; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (1996). "Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum". Nature. 383 (6603): 794–799. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..794L. doi:10.1038/383794a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8893002. S2CID 2188470.
  • Bradley, Desmond; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Vincent, Coral; Rothstein, Steven; Coen, Enrico (February 1996). "Control of inflorescence architecture in Antirrhinum". Nature. 379 (6568): 791–797. Bibcode:1996Natur.379..791B. doi:10.1038/379791a0. PMID 8587601. S2CID 998958.

References

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  1. ^ "Award winners: Darwin Medal". Royal Society.
  2. ^ a b c Coen, E. S. (1996). "Floral symmetry". The EMBO Journal. 15 (24): 6777–6788. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb01069.x. PMC 452503. PMID 9003753.
  3. ^ "Flower Development, E Coen and R Carpenter, Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". 20 February 2002. Archived from the original on 20 February 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  4. ^ "E.Coen and R.Caprpenter, Flower Development, Research Programme". 11 March 2002. Archived from the original on 11 March 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  5. ^ "Return of the snapdragon". Nature Plants. 5 (2): 121. 2019. doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0377-0. ISSN 2055-0278. PMID 30737515.
  6. ^ "Past members - Flower Development, E Coen , Cell & Developmental Biology Department - JIC UK". rico-coen.jic.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 25 September 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  7. ^ Carpenter, Rosemary (1998). Studies on genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus (Thesis).
  8. ^ Harrison, Brian J; Carpenter, Rosemary (1973). "A comparison of the instabilities at the Nivea and Pallida loci in Antirrhinum majus". Heredity. 31 (3): 309–323. doi:10.1038/hdy.1973.88. ISSN 0018-067X. S2CID 21953999.
  9. ^ Harrison, Brian J.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1 November 1979). "Resurgence of genetic instability in Antirrhinum majus". Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. 63 (1): 47–66. doi:10.1016/0027-5107(79)90103-9. ISSN 0027-5107.
  10. ^ Sommer, Hans; Carpenter, Rosemary; Harrison, Brian J.; Saedler, Heinz (1985). "The transposable element Tam3 of Antirrhinum majus generates a novel type of sequence alterations upon excision". Molecular and General Genetics. 199 (2): 225–231. doi:10.1007/BF00330263. ISSN 0026-8925. S2CID 8399480.
  11. ^ Schwarz-Sommer, Zsuzsanna; Davies, Brendan; Hudson, Andrew (2003). "An everlasting pioneer: the story of Antirrhinum research". Nature Reviews Genetics. 4 (8): 655–664. doi:10.1038/nrg1127. hdl:1842/704. ISSN 1471-0056. PMID 12897777. S2CID 205482851.
  12. ^ Martin, Cathie; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Saedler, Heinz; Coen, Enrico S. (1985). "Molecular analysis of instability in flower pigmentation of Antirrhinum majus , following isolation of the pallida locus by transposon tagging". The EMBO Journal. 4 (7): 1625–1630. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03829.x. PMC 554396. PMID 16453618.
  13. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie (1986). "Transposable elements generate novel spatial patterns of gene expression in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 47 (2): 285–296. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90451-4. PMID 3021338. S2CID 24465394.
  14. ^ Carpenter, Rosemary; Martin, Cathie; Coen, Enrico S. (1987). "Comparison of genetic behaviour of the transposable element Tam3 at two unlinked pigment loci in Antirrhinum majus". Molecular and General Genetics. 207 (1): 82–89. doi:10.1007/BF00331494. ISSN 0026-8925. S2CID 31982611.
  15. ^ Carpenter, R; Coen, E S (1 September 1990). "Floral homeotic mutations produced by transposon-mutagenesis in Antirrhinum majus". Genes & Development. 4 (9): 1483–1493. doi:10.1101/gad.4.9.1483. ISSN 0890-9369. PMID 1979295.
  16. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Romero, JoséM.; Doyle, Sandra; Elliott, Robert; Murphy, George; Carpenter, Rosemary (1990). "floricaula: A homeotic gene required for flower development in antirrhinum majus". Cell. 63 (6): 1311–1322. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90426-F. PMID 1702033. S2CID 46586130.
  17. ^ Goodrich, Justin; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico S. (1992). "A common gene regulates pigmentation pattern in diverse plant species". Cell. 68 (5): 955–964. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90038-E. PMID 1547495. S2CID 42832523.
  18. ^ Bradley, Desmond; Carpenter, Rosemary; Sommer, Hans; Hartley, Nigel; Coen, Enrico (1993). "Complementary floral homeotic phenotypes result from opposite orientations of a transposon at the plena locus of antirrhinum". Cell. 72 (1): 85–95. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90052-R. PMID 8093684. S2CID 23878779.
  19. ^ Coen, Enrico S.; Carpenter, Rosemary (1993). "The Metamorphosis of Flowers". The Plant Cell. 5 (10): 1175–1181. doi:10.2307/3869771. JSTOR 3869771. PMC 160351. PMID 12271021.
  20. ^ Carpenter, R; Copsey, L; Vincent, C; Doyle, S; Magrath, R; Coen, E (1995). "Control of flower development and phyllotaxy by meristem identity genes in antirrhinum". The Plant Cell. 7 (12): 2001–2011. doi:10.1105/tpc.7.12.2001. ISSN 1040-4651. PMC 161057. PMID 8718618.
  21. ^ Luo, Da; Carpenter, Rosemary; Vincent, Coral; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (1996). "Origin of floral asymmetry in Antirrhinum". Nature. 383 (6603): 794–799. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..794L. doi:10.1038/383794a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 8893002. S2CID 2188470.
  22. ^ Da Luo; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Vincent, Coral; Clark, Jennifer; Coen, Enrico (1999). "Control of Organ Asymmetry in Flowers of Antirrhinum". Cell. 99 (4): 367–376. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81523-8. ISSN 0092-8674. PMID 10571179. S2CID 14346487.
  23. ^ Nath, Utpal; Crawford, Brian C. W.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Coen, Enrico (28 February 2003). "Genetic Control of Surface Curvature". Science. 299 (5611): 1404–1407. doi:10.1126/science.1079354. PMID 12610308. S2CID 8059321.
  24. ^ Corley, Susie B.; Carpenter, Rosemary; Copsey, Lucy; Coen, Enrico (5 April 2005). "Floral asymmetry involves an interplay between TCP and MYB transcription factors in Antirrhinum". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102 (14): 5068–5073. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.5068C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0501340102. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 555980. PMID 15790677.
  25. ^ Bradley, Desmond; Xu, Ping; Mohorianu, Irina-Ioana; Whibley, Annabel; Field, David; Tavares, Hugo; Couchman, Matthew; Copsey, Lucy; Carpenter, Rosemary; Li, Miaomiao; Li, Qun (17 November 2017). "Evolution of flower color pattern through selection on regulatory small RNAs". Science. 358 (6365): 925–928. Bibcode:2017Sci...358..925B. doi:10.1126/science.aao3526. PMID 29146812. S2CID 5060290.
  26. ^ Centre, John Innes. "How Snapdragons keep their colour: Signposting trick reveals evolutionary mechanism". phys.org. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
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  • Antirrhinum Stock Collection, archived images of snapdragon variants
  • CA 2230511A1  "Flowering genes" - for the CENTRORADIALIS (CEN) gene in Antirrhinum
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