Damsay is an islet in the Orkney archipelago in Scotland. It is approximately 18 hectares (0.07 sq mi) in extent and rises to only 11 metres (36 ft) above sea level. It is situated in the Bay of Firth north of the Orkney Mainland near Finstown. Nearby is the smaller islet of Holm of Grimbister.
| Scottish Gaelic name | Unknown |
|---|---|
| Old Norse name | Damsey/Daminsey |
| Meaning of name | Old Norse meaning 'pond island', or possibly 'St Adamnan's Island' |
 Damsay from Ward of Redland, Mainland, Orkney | |
| Location | |
  Damsay Damsay shown within Orkney | |
| OS grid reference | HY389139 |
| Coordinates | 59°01′N 3°04′W / 59.01°N 3.06°W |
| Physical geography | |
| Island group | Orkney |
| Area | 18 hectares (44.5 acres)[1] |
| Highest elevation | 11 metres (36 ft) |
| Administration | |
| Council area | Orkney Islands |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |
 | |
| References | [2] [3] |
History
editIt is now uninhabited, but at one time a Norse hall stood there, and it was the scene of the killing of Earl Erlend Haraldsson by Earls Rögnvald Kali Kolsson and Harald Maddadsson in 1154. Erlend celebrated after returning to the islet for Christmas and retired to his ship the worse for drink on the night of 21 December. Despite being warned of an attack by Sweyn Asleifsson and the presence of a full moon his men were taken by surprise by the attack by his co-rulers and Erlend was killed.[4][5][6]
Later a small nunnery was built on the islet leading to a legend that no frogs or toads (or possibly rats and mice) could live there.[6] It is also said that unmarried woman who became pregnant would go there to pray at an abandoned shrine to St Mary.[7]
Jo Ben's 1529 Descriptions of Orkney says of Damsay:
Here there are no hills, and it is the most pleasant of all, and is called Tempe. The church in this island is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, to which many pregnant women make visits in style. No frogs, toads, or other noxious terrestrial animals whatever are ever found here. The women here are sterile, and if they do become pregnant never bring forth with life. It is related that sometimes the haughty [the shores] are carried away for the space of one hour, but truly afterwards restored. The distance of this island from Kirkwall is two miles.[8]
Archaeology
editArchaeologist Caroline Wickham-Jones has discovered a number of submerged structures off Damsay, which appear to be of Neolithic origin. She said: "We have certainly got a lot of stonework. There are some quite interesting things. You can see voids or entrances... The really interesting thing about this bay is the stories relating to things under the sea and sea-level change. Our ancestors were dealing with similar problems to ourselves and we'd like to see how they coped with it." She described a feature like a "stone table" made up of "a large slab about a metre and a half long and it's sitting up on four pillars or walls" and said that the "quality and condition of some of the stonework is remarkable. Nothing like this has ever been found on the seabed around the UK."[9]
A fieldwork report published in 2010 stated that "local ethno-archaeological information suggests the presence at one time of a causeway to the west, across a stretch of shallow water and existing skerries" that connected Damsay to the mainland.[10]
Footnotes
edit- ^ "Rick Livingstone’s Tables of the Islands of Scotland" (pdf) Argyll Yacht Charters. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
- ^ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 6 Orkney (Mainland) (Map). Ordnance Survey. 2014. ISBN 9780319228128.
- ^ Anderson, Joseph (ed.) (1873) The Orkneyinga Saga. Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. Edmonston and Douglas. The Internet Archive. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
- ^ "Swein Asleifsson - The Ultimate Viking" Caithness.Org history. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
- ^ Muir (2005) p. 100
- ^ a b Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 360
- ^ Moir, Tom The West Mainland in Omand (2003) p. 192
- ^ Orkneyjar history Retrieved 2 August 2007.
- ^ "Rising seas 'clue' in sunken world off Orkney" (17 Dec 2009) BBC News. Retrieved 26 Feb 2012.
- ^ Bates et al (2010) p. 1
References
edit- Bates, R.; Bates, M.; Dawson, S.; Nayling, Nigel; & Wickham-Jones, C. R. The Rising Tide Report on Fieldwork June 2010. University of St Andrews.
- Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 1-84195-454-3.
- Muir, Tom (2005) Orkney in the Sagas. Kirkwall. The Orcadian. ISBN 0-9548862-2-4
- Omand, Donald (ed.) (2003) The Orkney Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn.