cwm (Calm Window Manager)[2] is a stacking window manager for the X Window System. While it is primarily developed as a part of OpenBSD's base system,[3] portable versions are available on other Unix-like operating systems.
.png) cwm running on OpenBSD | |
| Original author(s) | Marius Aamodt Eriksen |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Marius Aamodt Eriksen, Andy Adamson, Niels Provos, Martin Murray, Dimitris Economou, Antti Nykänen |
| Initial release | 10 July 2004 |
| Stable release | 3[1] 
/ 28 August 2005 |
| Repository | |
| Written in | C |
| Operating system | Unix-like |
| Type | Window manager |
| License | ISC License |
| Website | www |
History
editDevelopment of cwm started from patches to evilwm by Marius Aamodt Eriksen.[4] To ease the implementation of new features, cwm was eventually rewritten using some code from 9wm.[5] The last release by the original author came out in August 2005.[4]
In April 2007, cwm was imported into OpenBSD source tree.[6] By January 2008, a substantial part of the original source code, including all of the 9wm code, was rewritten.[7]
cwm has been distributed with OpenBSD since version 4.2, where it replaced wm2.[8] A third-party Linux port also exists.[9]
Description
editcwm is a stacking window manager oriented towards heavy keyboard usage,[10][11] small footprint and ease of use. While it lacks explicit virtual desktops functionality, it can be emulated by using the window groups mechanism.[12] cwm does not draw window decorations except for a border around windows.
cwm includes several menus:[11]
- exec menu (launch an application)
- window menu (search for a running application)
- ssh to menu (start a Secure Shell session)
- exec wm menu (switch to a different window manager)
All these menus operate in a "search as you type" manner.[11]
cwm allows raising, hiding, switching between, and searching for windows using just the keyboard, making it suitable to use as terminal emulator multiplexer.[13] Furthermore, it allows manipulating pointing devices, such as mice, with the keyboard.[2]
Additional key bindings and configuration options can be specified in the configuration file ~/.cwmrc.
Reception
editcwm is generally well received in software minimalist communities.[11]
cwm is noted to be used mainly due to its status as one of the default window managers in OpenBSD,[14] though other reasons are sometimes cited.[15][16] cwm is also praised for its flexibility, ease of use, and the fact that it can be used without a mouse.[13][17]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "cwm". Archived from the original on 8 June 2015.
- ^ a b Czarkoff, Dmitrij D. (22 November 2011), "Introduction: calm window manager", OSNews, retrieved 23 November 2011
- ^ "The X Window System", OpenBSD Frequently Asked Questions, OpenBSD, retrieved 7 May 2016
- ^ a b Eriksen, Marius Aamodt, Old home page, archived from the original on 18 November 2011, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ "cwm — a lightweight and efficient window manager for X11", OpenBSD manual pages, The OpenBSD project, retrieved 16 November 2011,
The from-scratch rewrite borrowed some code from 9wm, however that code has since been removed or rewritten.
- ^ "xenocara/app/cwm/calmwm.c", OpenBSD CVS, OpenBSD, 27 April 2007, retrieved 30 April 2017
- ^ OpenBSD CVS log, The OpenBSD CVS, retrieved 16 November 2011[permanent dead link]
- ^ "OpenBSD 4.2", OpenBSD, 1 November 2007, retrieved 30 April 2017
- ^ Neukirchen, Leah, portable version of OpenBSD's cwm(1) window manager, GitHub, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ Adriaanse, Jasper Lievisse (11 July 2007), cwm in Xenocara, OpenBSD Journal, retrieved 5 October 2011
- ^ a b c d O'Higgins, Niall (9 July 2007), Keyboard-only X, cwm hacks and Vimperator, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ Gouveia, Rodolfo (2 May 2009), Getting started with cwm, OpenBSD Journal, retrieved 5 October 2011
- ^ a b O'Higgins, Niall (19 June 2007), Typing, window managers and sore hands, retrieved 5 October 2011
- ^ Skinwalker (13 September 2011), OpenBSD – EEEPC, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ Mandla, K. (18 June 2010), Short and sweet: cwm, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ Pfennigs, Thilo (3 May 2008), Virtualized servers & OpenBSD, archived from the original on 15 October 2014, retrieved 16 November 2011
- ^ Lucas, Michael W. (31 May 2011), my .cwmrc, retrieved 16 November 2011
External links
edit- – OpenBSD General Commands Manual
- – OpenBSD File Formats Manual
- Official website at the Wayback Machine (archived October 3, 2011)