48 Persei (also known as c Persei, 48 Per, HR 1273, HIP 19343, or HD 25940) is a Be star in the constellation Perseus, approximately the 500th brightest of the visible stars in apparent magnitude.[10] It is "well known for its complex spectrum and for its light and velocity variations".[11] The name "48 Persei" is a Flamsteed designation given to it by John Flamsteed in his catalogue, published in 1712.[12]
  | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Perseus |
| Right ascension | 04h 08m 39.69216s[1] |
| Declination | 47° 42′ 45.0429″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 4.03[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | Main sequence |
| Spectral type | B3Ve[3] |
| U−B color index | -0.55[2] |
| B−V color index | -0.03[2] |
| Variable type | γ Cas[4] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | +0.80[5] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: +21.73[1] mas/yr Dec.: -33.61[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 6.84 ± 0.16 mas[1] |
| Distance | 480 ± 10 ly (146 ± 3 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | -1.86[6] |
| Details | |
| Mass | 7.5[7] M☉ |
| Luminosity | 600[6] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.86[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 17,490[8] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | -0.04[9] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 197[8] km/s |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
48 Persei is classified as a Gamma Cassiopeiae variable, and it has been given the variable star designation MX Persei. The star's brightness varies by 0.09 magnitudes in visible light.[14] Koen and Eyer examined the Hipparcos data for this star, and found it varied with a period of 5.0569 days.[15]
As a Be star, it is hot and blue, spinning so rapidly that it forms an unstable equatorial disk of matter surrounding it. Its mass has been estimated as seven times that of the Sun, and its estimated age of 40 million years makes it much younger than the Sun. In another few million years it will likely cease hydrogen fusion, expand, and brighten as it becomes a red giant.[16]
A 1989 study proposed 48 Persei to be a single-lined spectroscopic binary with a period of 16.6 days, but subsequent studies, including close imaging surveys, have not confirmed this result. Hutter et al. (2021) consider it to be a single star.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600. Vizier catalog entry
- ^ a b c Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
- ^ Hoffleit, D.; Warren, W. H. (1995). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: V/50. Originally Published in: 1964BS....C......0H. 5050. Bibcode:1995yCat.5050....0H.
- ^ Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
- ^ Evans, D. S. (1967). "The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities". Determination of Radial Velocities and Their Applications. 30: 57. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.
- ^ a b Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. S2CID 119257644. Vizier catalog entry
- ^ Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (2011). "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 410 (1): 190–200. arXiv:1007.4883. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x. S2CID 118629873. Vizier catalog entry
- ^ a b c Zorec, J.; Frémat, Y.; Domiciano De Souza, A.; Royer, F.; Cidale, L.; Hubert, A.-M.; Semaan, T.; Martayan, C.; Cochetti, Y. R.; Arias, M. L.; Aidelman, Y.; Stee, P. (2016). "Critical study of the distribution of rotational velocities of Be stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 595: A132. Bibcode:2016A&A...595A.132Z. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628760. hdl:11336/37946.
- ^ Wu, Yue; Singh, H. P.; Prugniel, P.; Gupta, R.; Koleva, M. (2010). "Coudé-feed stellar spectral library – atmospheric parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 525: A71. arXiv:1009.1491. Bibcode:2011A&A...525A..71W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015014. S2CID 53480665.
- ^ 48 Persei (HIP 19343), Ashland Astronomy Studio, archived from the original on 2013-01-02, retrieved 2012-12-28.
- ^ Percy, J. R.; Lane, M. C. (May 1977), "Search for Beta Cephei stars. I - Photometric and spectroscopic studies of northern B-type stars", Astronomical Journal, 82: 353–359, Bibcode:1977AJ.....82..353P, doi:10.1086/112057.
- ^ Baily, Francis, ed. (1835), An account of the Revd. John Flamsteed, the first astronomer-royal: compiled from his own manuscripts, and other authentic documents, never before published. To which is added his British catalogue of stars, cor. and enl., Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, p. 425.
- ^ "/ftp/cats/more/HIP/cdroms/cats". Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Strasbourg astronomical Data Center. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
- ^ "MX Per". The International Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
- ^ Koen, Chris; Eyer, Laurent (March 2002). "New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 331 (1): 45–59. arXiv:astro-ph/0112194. Bibcode:2002MNRAS.331...45K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05150.x. S2CID 10505995.
- ^ Kaler, Jim (2009-01-16), "48 Per (48 Persei)", STARS, University of Illinois, retrieved 2012-12-28.
- ^ Hutter, D. J.; Tycner, C.; Zavala, R. T.; Benson, J. A.; Hummel, C. A.; Zirm, H. (2021). "Surveying the Bright Stars by Optical Interferometry. III. A Magnitude-limited Multiplicity Survey of Classical Be Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 257 (2): 69. arXiv:2109.06839. Bibcode:2021ApJS..257...69H. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac23cb. S2CID 237503492.
Further reading
edit- Jackisch, G. (1963), "Photoelectric and Spectroscopic Observations of 48 Persei and 53 Persei", Information Bulletin on Variable Stars, 40: 1, Bibcode:1963IBVS...40....1J.
- Baliunas, S. D.; Ciccone, M. A.; Guinan, E. F.; Miskinis, P. (1975), "Photoelectric Study of the Bright Be Stars γ Cas, 48 Per, ψ Per, and φ Per.", Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 7: 252, Bibcode:1975BAAS....7Q.252B.
- Goraya, P. S. (1985), "Recent changes in the spectrum of the Be star 48 Persei", Astrophysics and Space Science, 109 (2): 373–380, Bibcode:1985Ap&SS.109..373G, doi:10.1007/BF00651283, S2CID 121525902.
- Tur, N. S.; Goraya, P. S.; Chaubey, U. S. (1987), "Continuum energy dissipation of 48 Persei", Astrophysics and Space Science, 139 (2): 257–262, Bibcode:1987Ap&SS.139..257T, doi:10.1007/BF00644354, S2CID 123262029.
- Guo, Xiao-Zhen; Guo, Zi-He; Hao, Jin-Xin (1991), "A study of the low dispersion spectrum and photometry of the Be star 48 Per in 1989", Acta Astronomica Sinica, 32 (4): 415–420, Bibcode:1991AcASn..32..415G.
- Hao, Jinxin; Lin, Huang; Catala, C.; Foing, B. H. (1995), "Nonradial pulsations in 48 Persei: results from MUSICOS 1989 campaign", Multi-site Continuous Spectroscopy. Proceedings of the 4th Workshop Held in Beijing, China, June 19–24, 1994: 91, Bibcode:1995mscs.conf...91H.
- Hubert, A. M.; Floquet, M.; Hao, J. X.; et al. (1997), "Multi-site continuous spectroscopy. V. Rapid photospheric variability in the Be star 48 Persei from the MUSICOS 1989 campaign", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 324: 929–940, Bibcode:1997A&A...324..929H.
- Delaa, O.; Stee, Ph.; Meilland, A.; et al. (2011), "Kinematics and geometrical study of the Be stars 48 Persei and ψ Persei with the VEGA/CHARA interferometer", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 529: A87, Bibcode:2011A&A...529A..87D, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015639.