The algebraical structure of the electromagnetic tensor and description of charged particles moving in the strong electromagnetic field

In the event space the electromagnetic tensor eigenvectors generate two sets of invariant baselines, which are tangent to these eigenvectors. In the case of a slowly changing electromagnetic field the charged particles are shown to move along a helix around these baselines (the guiding center approximation). In the case of strong radiation damping (a strong field and a small mass) the helical motion of the particle transforms into the motion along the baseline (the massless approximation). In the self‐consistent electromagnetic field the gas of charged massless particles can contain two‐phase regions (the capture regions). Inside the capture regions the gas can consist of two phases: (1) a dynamical phase (DP) moving with the speed of light, and (2) a statical phase (SP) moving with speed less than that of light. An understanding of the two‐phase character of the ultrarelativistic electron–positron gas is very important for investigation of magnetosphere processes in pulsars.