The dynamical solution of a well-mixed, nonlinear stochastic chemical kinetic system, described by the Master equation, may be exactly computed using the stochastic simulation algorithm. However, because the computational cost scales with the number of reaction occurrences, systems with one or more “fast” reactions become costly to simulate. This paper describes a hybrid stochastic method that partitions the system into subsets of fast and slow reactions, approximates the fast reactions as a continuous Markov process, using a chemical Langevin equation, and accurately describes the slow dynamics using the integral form of the “Next Reaction” variant of the stochastic simulation algorithm. The key innovation of this method is its mechanism of efficiently monitoring the occurrences of slow, discrete events while simultaneously simulating the dynamics of a continuous, stochastic or deterministic process. In addition, by introducing an approximation in which multiple slow reactions may occur within a time step of the numerical integration of the chemical Langevin equation, the hybrid stochastic method performs much faster with only a marginal decrease in accuracy. Multiple examples, including a biological pulse generator and a large-scale system benchmark, are simulated using the exact and proposed hybrid methods as well as, for comparison, a previous hybrid stochastic method. Probability distributions of the solutions are compared and the weak errors of the first two moments are computed. In general, these hybrid methods may be applied to the simulation of the dynamics of a system described by stochastic differential, ordinary differential, and Master equations.
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1 February 2005
Research Article|
January 14 2005
Accurate hybrid stochastic simulation of a system of coupled chemical or biochemical reactions
Howard Salis;
Howard Salis
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Digital Technology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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Yiannis Kaznessis
Yiannis Kaznessis
Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Digital Technology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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J. Chem. Phys. 122, 054103 (2005)
Article history
Received:
May 06 2004
Accepted:
October 28 2004
Citation
Howard Salis, Yiannis Kaznessis; Accurate hybrid stochastic simulation of a system of coupled chemical or biochemical reactions. J. Chem. Phys. 1 February 2005; 122 (5): 054103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1835951
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