acht

cardinal number

8	Previous:	sibe
	Next:	nüün

• ocht, àcht

From Old High German ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate with German acht, Dutch acht, English eight, Swedish åtta.

• IPA^(key): /ɑxt/

acht

1. eight

Bavarian numbers ^(edit)

[a], [b], [c] ←  7	8	9  → [a], [b]
Cardinal: acht, åcht, åchte

• achte, åcht, åchte

From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

• IPA^(key): /ɑxt/

  • Audio:

    (file)

acht

1. eight

acht

1. attributive form of achte

   acht óarn ― eight o'clock (literally, “eight hours”)

Inherited from Old Czech acht, possibly from Middle High German āhte.

• IPA^(key): [ˈaxt]
• Hyphenation: acht

acht m inan

1. (archaic) anathema

   Synonym: klatba

• “acht”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “acht”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

• IPA^(key): /ɑxt/

• Audio (Belgium):

  (file)

• Audio (Netherlands):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: acht
• Rhymes: -ɑxt

From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Dutch numbers ^(edit)

	80
←  7	8	9  →
Cardinal: acht     Ordinal: achtste

acht

1. eight

• Afrikaans: agt, ag
• Berbice Creole Dutch: akti
• Jersey Dutch: āxt
• Negerhollands: acht, agt, ak
• Skepi Creole Dutch: akt
• → Sranan Tongo: acht

From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *ahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtu.

acht f (uncountable)

1. attention, heed

• Afrikaans: ag

acht

1. inflection of achten:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *āhta, from Proto-Germanic *anhtō.

acht f (uncountable)

1. (historical, chiefly obsolete) banishment, ostracism

   Synonyms: ban, verbanning, vogelvrijverklaring

• At least the compound rijksacht is still attestable in contemporary historical writing alongside rijksban.

• chat

From Old Saxon ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate to German Low German acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

acht

1. (in many (all?) dialects) eight (8)

German numbers ^(edit)

	80
←  7	8	9  →
Cardinal: acht     Ordinal: achte     Sequence adverb: achtens     Ordinal abbreviation: 8.     Adverbial: achtmal     Adverbial abbreviation: 8-mal     Multiplier: achtfach     Multiplier abbreviation: 8-fach     Fractional: Achtel     Polygon: Achteck     Polygon abbreviation: 8-Eck     Polygonal adjective: achteckig     Polygonal adjective abbreviation: 8-eckig
German Wikipedia article on 8

From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Compare Dutch acht, English eight, Danish otte, Swedish åtta, Greek οκτώ (októ), Latin octō.

• IPA^(key): [axt]

• Audio:

  (file)

acht

1. (cardinal number) eight (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or describing a set with eight elements)

• Acht, Achteck
• achtfach, achtmal
• achtstündig, achttägig

• achtzehn
• achtzig
• Achteck

• “acht” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “acht” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “acht” in Duden online
• acht on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^de

German Low German cardinal numbers

<  7	8	9  >
Cardinal : acht     Ordinal : acht

From Middle Low German achte, from Old Saxon ahto. Cognate to Dutch Low Saxon acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

acht

1. (in many dialects, including Eastern Pomeranian, Low Prussian) eight (8)

acht

1. (Eastern Pomeranian in Brazil) eighth (8th)

• Der neue SASS: Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, Plattdeutsch - Hochdeutsch, Hochdeutsch - Plattdeutsch. Plattdeutsche Rechtschreibung, sixth revised edition (2011, →ISBN, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster)
• Gertjan Postma, A Contrastive Grammar of Brazilian Pomeranian (Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today, vol. 248), 2019, p. 97 & 99

Hunsrik numbers ^(edit)

	80
←  7	8	9  →
Cardinal: acht     Ordinal: acht     Fractional: Achtel

• IPA^(key): /axt/
• Rhymes: -axt
• Hyphenation: acht

Inherited from Central Franconian aacht, from Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu.^[1]

Cognate with German acht and Luxembourgish aacht.

acht

1. eight

   Sie hon acht Kinner.

   They have eight children.

Inherited from Middle High German ahtede, from Old High German ahtodo, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtudō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô.^[1]

Cognate with German achte and Luxembourgish aacht.

acht

1. eighth

Declension of acht (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives)
		masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
Weak inflection	nominative	acht	acht	acht	achte
	accusative	achte	acht	acht	achte
	dative	achte	achte	achte	achte
Strong inflection	nominative	achter	achte	achtes	achte
	accusative	achte	achte	achtes	achte
	dative	achtem	achter	achtem	achte

From Middle Irish acht, from Latin āctus.

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑxt̪ˠ/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /axt̪ˠ/

acht m (genitive singular achta, nominative plural achtanna)

1. decree, enactment
2. compact
3. condition

• achtachán m (“enactment”)

From Old Irish acht.

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑx/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ax/

acht

1. Obsolete spelling of ach (“but”).

acht (plus nominative, triggers no mutation)

1. Obsolete spelling of ach (“except, but”).

acht

1. Obsolete spelling of ach (“but, only, merely”).

Likely from etymology 2.

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑxt̪ˠ/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /axt̪ˠ/

acht m (genitive singular achta)

1. doubt, uncertainty

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
acht	n-acht	hacht	t-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “acht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “6 acht (‘decree, edict’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 acht (‘but, except’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 acht (‘stipulation, condition’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “4 acht (‘doubt’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “acht”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “acht”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

• IPA^(key): /axt/

acht

1. Alternative form of achte

Possibly from borrowed from Middle High German āhte (compare German outlawry, sworn enmity).

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈaxt/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈaxt/

acht m inan

1. anathema

• Czech: acht

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “acht”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

• IPA^(key): /axt/

From Proto-Celtic *extos (“except, but”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰsto- (“out”), from *h₁eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐκτός (ektós, “outside”).

• act

acht

1. but
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7^d10

     Mógi sidi uili do Día; acht do·rigénsat in descipuil dechor etarru et déu diib: is hed on ɔsecha-som hic.

     They are all servants to God; but the disciples had made a distinction between them and (made) gods of them; that is what he corrects here.

2. provided (that) (followed by ro- and the subjunctive mood of the verb)
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23^b24

     Ní imned lim act rop Críst pridches et imme·ráda cách.

     It is not tribulation for me provided that it is Christ on whom everyone preaches and meditates.

3. (followed by a nasalizing relative clause) except that
   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 137^b5

     Fa·didmed aicned, acht dond·ecmaiṅg anísiu.

     Nature would have allowed it, except that this happens.

For more quotations using this term, see Citations:acht.

• Irish: ach
• Manx: agh
• Scottish Gaelic: ach

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

·acht

1. inflection of aigid:
   1. third-person singular preterite conjunct
   2. passive singular preterite conjunct

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
·acht (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	·n-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 acht (‘but, except’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Pennsylvania German cardinal numbers

<  7	8	9  >
Cardinal : acht     Ordinal : acht

Pennsylvania German ordinal numbers

<  7	8	9  >
Cardinal : acht     Ordinal : acht

• IPA^(key): /axt/

From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto. Compare German acht, Dutch acht, English eight.

acht

1. eight

Compare German achte, Dutch achtste, English eighth.

acht

1. eighth

acht

1. eighth

West Frisian cardinal numbers

<  7	8	9  >
Cardinal : acht     Ordinal : achtste

From Old Frisian achta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

• IPA^(key): /axt/

acht

1. eight

• “acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

acht c (plural achten, diminutive achtsje)

1. eight

• “acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Frankish and Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

acht

1. eight

acht

1. Alternative form of åcht