Shirongol languages

Shirongol
Shirongol
Geographic; distribution	Central China
Linguistic classification	Mongolic Southern Mongolic Shirongol; ;
Subdivisions	Baoanic; Monguor;
Language codes
Glottolog	shir1260

The Shirongol or Shirongolic languages are a branch of the Mongolic language family spoken in the Gansu and Qinghai provinces of China. The largest Shirongol language is Dongxiang, having approximately 200,000 speakers.^[1] They have been heavily influenced by neighboring languages,^[2]^{[page needed]} most significantly Mandarin Chinese, and now some Shirongol peoples speak the Tangwang language, a mixed language based on Mandarin and Dongxiang.

Internal classification

The Shirongol languages include the Bonan, Dongxiang, Kangjia and Monguor languages. Glottolog separates the Mongghuer and Mongghul dialects into two distinct languages and proposes the groupings Baoanic and Monguoric.^[3] The dialects are indicated in italic.

Shirongol languages
- Baoanic languages
  - Bonan
    - Jishishan
    - Tongren
    - Wutun (Mandarin-Bonan mixed language)^[4]
  - Dongxiang/Santa
    - Sijiaji
    - Suonanba
    - Sangjiaji
    - Tangwang (Dongxiang-Mandarin mixed language)^[5]
  - Kangjia
- Monguor
  - Mongghuer
  - Mongghul

Ethnologue does not use this grouping. Instead, it groups the Southern Mongolic languages together in a "Mongour" group.^[6]

Mongour languages
- Bonan [peh]
- Dongxiang [sce]
- Kangjia [kxs]
- Tu [mjg]
- Eastern Yugur [yuy]

References

^ "Dongxiang". Ethnologue.
^ Rybatzki, Volker (2003). "Intra-Mongolic Taxomony". In Janhunen, Juha (ed.). The Mongolic Languages. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
^ "Glottolog 4.6 - Shirongol". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2022-10-09.
^ Lee-Smith, Mei W.; Wurm, Stephen A. (1996). "The Wutun Language". In Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tyron, Darrell T. (eds.). Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. De Gruyter Mouton. p. 883. doi:10.1515/9783110819724.3.883. ISBN 978-3-11-013417-9.
^ Wurm, Stephen A. (1995). "The Silk Road and Hybridized Languages in North-Western China". Diogenes. 43 (171): 53–62. doi:10.1177/039219219504317107.
^ "Mongour". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2022-10-09.

[1] "Dongxiang". Ethnologue.

[2] Rybatzki, Volker (2003). "Intra-Mongolic Taxomony". In Janhunen, Juha (ed.). The Mongolic Languages. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.

[3] "Glottolog 4.6 - Shirongol". glottolog.org. Retrieved 2022-10-09.

[4] Lee-Smith, Mei W.; Wurm, Stephen A. (1996). "The Wutun Language". In Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tyron, Darrell T. (eds.). Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas. De Gruyter Mouton. p. 883. doi:10.1515/9783110819724.3.883. ISBN 978-3-11-013417-9.

[5] Wurm, Stephen A. (1995). "The Silk Road and Hybridized Languages in North-Western China". Diogenes. 43 (171): 53–62. doi:10.1177/039219219504317107.

[6] "Mongour". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2022-10-09.

[1]