About: Tetraspanin

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Tetraspanins are a family of membrane proteins found in all multicellular eukaryotes. Tetraspanins, also referred to as the transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins, have four transmembrane alpha-helices and two extracellular domains, one short (called the small extracellular domain or loop, SED/SEL or EC1) and one longer, typically 100 amino acid residues (the large extracellular domain/loop, LED/LEL or EC2). Although several protein families have four transmembrane alpha-helices, tetraspanins are defined by conserved amino acid sequences including four or more cysteine residues in the EC2 domain, with two in a highly conserved 'CCG' motif. Tetraspanins are often thought to act as scaffolding proteins, anchoring multiple proteins to one area of the cell membrane.

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dbo:abstract
  • Die Tetraspanine sind eine Gruppe von Proteinen in Biomembranen, die sich durch vier Transmembrandomänen auszeichnen, die jeweils einmal die Membran durchspannen. (de)
  • Οι τετρασπανίνες (αγγλ.: tetraspanins) αποτελούν μια υπεροικογένεια διαμεμβρανικών πρωτεϊνών που απαντώνται σε όλους τους πολυκύτταρους, ευκαρυωτικούς οργανισμούς. Τα μέλη αυτής της υπεροικογένειας διαθέτουν παρόμοια δομικά χαρακτηριστικά. Οι τετρασπανίνες συμμετέχουν σε διάφορες κυτταρικές λειτουργίες και η δυσλειτουργία τους έχει ενοχοποιηθεί για μια ποικιλία ετερόκλητων παθολογικών καταστάσεων, όπως για παράδειγμα η X-φυλοσύνδετη διανοητική καθυστέρηση, η ανεπάρκεια αντισωμάτων και η εκφύλιση του αμφιβληστροειδούς χιτώνα του οφθαλμού. Πλέον, οι τετρασπανίνες θεωρούνται μοριακοί μεσολαβητές που αλληλεπιδρούν με άλλες πρωτεΐνες και τις αγκυροβολούν σε ειδικά τμήματα της κυτταρικής μεμβράνης. Αυτά τα τμήματα της μεμβράνης ονομάζονται ιστοί τετρασπανινών (αγγλ.: tetraspanin webs) ή μικροπεδία εμπλουτισμένα σε τετρασπανίνες (αγγλ.: tetraspanin enriched microdomains, ΤΕΜ). Τα ΤΕΜ αποτελούν λειτουργικές περιοχές της κυτταρικής μεμβράνης, στις οποίες ρυθμίζεται η δραστηριότητα των εκεί αγκυροβολημένων πρωτεϊνών. (el)
  • Les tétraspanines constituent une famille de protéines membranaires. (fr)
  • Tetraspanin adalah keluarga dari protein membran ditemukan di semua eukariota multiselular.Tetraspanin juga disebut superfamili trasmembran 4 (TM4SF), memiliki empat domain transmembran, N- dan C-terminal intraselular dan dua domain ekstraseluler, satu pendek (disebut domain ekstraseluler kecil atau lingkaran, SED/SEL atau EC1) dan satu lagi biasanya 100 residu asam amino (domain ekstraseluler besar/lingkaran, LED/LEL atau EC2). Meskipun beberapa keluarga protein memiliki empat domain transmembran, tetraspanin didefinisikan oleh domain dilestarikan terdaftar dalam database Protein Families pfam00335.12. Fitur kunci adalah empat atau lebih residu sistein dalam domain EC2, dengan dua di antaranya motif 'CCG' sangat lestari. Penelitian bidang ini relatif baru (kurang dari 20 tahun) dan oleh karena itu banyak yang bisa dipelajari tentang fungsi tetraspanin tertentu. Umumnya, tetraspanin sering dikaitkan untuk aksinya sebagai protein perancah, penahan beberapa protein pada satu bidang membran sel. Salah satu tetraspanin pada manusia adalah CD81 yang memediasi peristiwa transduksi sinyal yang berperan dalam regulasi perkembangan sel, aktivasi, pertumbuhan dan motilitas. Gen ini terlokalisasi di daerah gen supresor tumor dan dengan demikian merupakan gen kandidat untuk keganasan. (in)
  • Tetraspanins are a family of membrane proteins found in all multicellular eukaryotes. Tetraspanins, also referred to as the transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins, have four transmembrane alpha-helices and two extracellular domains, one short (called the small extracellular domain or loop, SED/SEL or EC1) and one longer, typically 100 amino acid residues (the large extracellular domain/loop, LED/LEL or EC2). Although several protein families have four transmembrane alpha-helices, tetraspanins are defined by conserved amino acid sequences including four or more cysteine residues in the EC2 domain, with two in a highly conserved 'CCG' motif. Tetraspanins are often thought to act as scaffolding proteins, anchoring multiple proteins to one area of the cell membrane. Tetraspanins are highly conserved between species. Some tetraspanins can have N-linked glycosylations on the long extracellular loop (LEL, EC2) and palmitoylations at a CXXC motif in their transmembrane region. There are 34 tetraspanins in mammals, 33 of which have also been identified in humans. Tetraspanins display numerous properties that indicate their physiological importance in cell adhesion, motility, activation, and proliferation, as well as their contribution to pathological conditions such as metastasis or viral infection. A role for tetraspanins in platelets was demonstrated by the bleeding phenotypes of CD151- and TSSC6-deficient mice, which exhibit impaired "outside-in" signalling through αIIbβ3, the major platelet integrin. it is hypothesized that tetraspanins interact with and regulate other platelet receptors. (en)
  • Le tetraspanine sono una famiglia di proteine di membrana presenti in tutti gli eucarioti pluricellulari. Sono anche denominate proteine TM4SF (transmembrane 4 superfamily) poiché possiedono: * quattro domini transmembrana; * sequenze N-terminali e C-terminali intracellulari; * due domini extracellulari di cui: * uno più corto(denominato SED/SEL o EC1 (small extracellular domain or loop); * uno più lungo, tipicamente della grandezza di 100 residui aminoacidici (the large extracellular domain/loop, LED/LEL o EC2). Sebbene diverse proteine abbiano quattro domini transmembrana, le tetraspanine sono definite in questo modo a causa dei loro domini conservati descritti nel Protein Families database sotto coordinata pfam00335.12. Le caratteristiche chiave di questa famiglia di proteine risiedono nella presenza di: * 4 o più residui di cisteina nel dominio EC2; * 2 cisteine in un motivo "CCG" altamente conservato. Le ricerche nel campo della proteomica sono relativamente recenti (meno di 20 anni fa) e pertanto c'è ancora molto da scoprire sulla funzione di tetraspanine specifiche. Generalmente, si afferma che le tetraspanine agiscano come proteine scaffold, ancorando molteplici proteine ad un'area della membrana cellulare. Le tetraspanine sono altamente conservate tra specie diverse. Alcune tetraspanine possiedono: * sul dominio EC2/LEL (long extracellular loop) una N-glicosilazione; * sul motivo CXXC del loro dominio transmembrana una palmitoilazione. Ci sono 34 tetraspanine nei mammiferi, 33 delle quali identiifcate negli umani. Le tetraspanine mostrano numerose proprietà che sottolineano la loro importanza fisiologica ne: * l'adesione cellulare; * motilità; * attivazione; * proliferazione. Esse contribuiscono tuttavia anche all'instaurarsi di condizioni patologiche come metastasi o infezioni virali. Il ruolo delle tetraspanine nelle piastrine venne dimostrato nel modello murino con fenotipo sanguinante CD151- e TSSC6 deficiente, che dimostrava possedere un signaling insufficiente a livello dell'integrina principale della piastrina αIIbβ3, più specificamente nel cambiamento di conformazione "outside-in". È stato ipotizzato che le tetraspanine interagiscano e possano regolare altri recettori delle piastrine. (it)
  • テトラスパニン(Tetraspanin)は膜貫通タンパク質の一種である。細胞膜を4回貫通する構造を持つ膜蛋白で, Transmembrane 4 superfamily(TS4SF)とも呼ばれる。細胞膜上でインテグリンや増殖因子受容体などと複合体を形成し, 機能を修飾することにより細胞運動や細胞の活性化にかかわる。 このTetraspaninとしてはCD9, CD63, CD81などが挙げられ、エクソソームなどの細胞外分泌小胞の膜上にも存在するためマーカー蛋白としても知られている。(CDとは、Cluster of Differentiationの略。) (ja)
  • Тетраспанины — семейство мембранных белков, обнаруженное у животных, растений и некоторых многоклеточных грибов. (ru)
  • 四跨膜蛋白家族(transmembrane 4 superfamily,TM4SF)是一组小分子量的糖蛋白,分子量范围在20一 50kDa之间,大约由20多个成员组成,是多种组织细胞的膜组成成份,其中大多数为白细胞表面蛋白。TM4SF家族在结构上属于细胞膜糖蛋白的特殊家族,具有4个高度疏水的跨膜结构域(TMI一TM4)。在4个跨膜结构域之间有2个亲水区细胞外环,在TMI、TMZ之间形成小亲水区,在TM3、TM4之间形成大亲水区。大、小亲水区分别含有20一80个氨基酸残基和76一131个氨基酸残基。在细胞外亲水区中含有糖基化位点,其中细胞外大亲水区还含有4个高度保守的半肤氨酸残基,是细胞与外部环境因素结合的主要部位。一般认为,TM4SF功能包括细胞内钙水平的调节、酪氨酸磷酸化、蛋白激酶C的依赖功能,并能与其它分子结合形成大的复合物,影响其它细胞表面分子的分布和功能。TM4SF家族成员、CD63、、和分别与不同细胞的生长、迁移、信号转导和孰附效应有关。 (zh)
dbo:symbol
  • Tetraspanin
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  • Tetraspanins have four transmembrane domains, two extracellular loops and contain a series of highly conserved amino acid residues. (en)
dbp:cdd
  • cd03127 (en)
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  • IPR000301 (en)
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  • Tetraspanin family (en)
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  • Tetraspanin (en)
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  • Die Tetraspanine sind eine Gruppe von Proteinen in Biomembranen, die sich durch vier Transmembrandomänen auszeichnen, die jeweils einmal die Membran durchspannen. (de)
  • Les tétraspanines constituent une famille de protéines membranaires. (fr)
  • テトラスパニン(Tetraspanin)は膜貫通タンパク質の一種である。細胞膜を4回貫通する構造を持つ膜蛋白で, Transmembrane 4 superfamily(TS4SF)とも呼ばれる。細胞膜上でインテグリンや増殖因子受容体などと複合体を形成し, 機能を修飾することにより細胞運動や細胞の活性化にかかわる。 このTetraspaninとしてはCD9, CD63, CD81などが挙げられ、エクソソームなどの細胞外分泌小胞の膜上にも存在するためマーカー蛋白としても知られている。(CDとは、Cluster of Differentiationの略。) (ja)
  • Тетраспанины — семейство мембранных белков, обнаруженное у животных, растений и некоторых многоклеточных грибов. (ru)
  • 四跨膜蛋白家族(transmembrane 4 superfamily,TM4SF)是一组小分子量的糖蛋白,分子量范围在20一 50kDa之间,大约由20多个成员组成,是多种组织细胞的膜组成成份,其中大多数为白细胞表面蛋白。TM4SF家族在结构上属于细胞膜糖蛋白的特殊家族,具有4个高度疏水的跨膜结构域(TMI一TM4)。在4个跨膜结构域之间有2个亲水区细胞外环,在TMI、TMZ之间形成小亲水区,在TM3、TM4之间形成大亲水区。大、小亲水区分别含有20一80个氨基酸残基和76一131个氨基酸残基。在细胞外亲水区中含有糖基化位点,其中细胞外大亲水区还含有4个高度保守的半肤氨酸残基,是细胞与外部环境因素结合的主要部位。一般认为,TM4SF功能包括细胞内钙水平的调节、酪氨酸磷酸化、蛋白激酶C的依赖功能,并能与其它分子结合形成大的复合物,影响其它细胞表面分子的分布和功能。TM4SF家族成员、CD63、、和分别与不同细胞的生长、迁移、信号转导和孰附效应有关。 (zh)
  • Οι τετρασπανίνες (αγγλ.: tetraspanins) αποτελούν μια υπεροικογένεια διαμεμβρανικών πρωτεϊνών που απαντώνται σε όλους τους πολυκύτταρους, ευκαρυωτικούς οργανισμούς. Τα μέλη αυτής της υπεροικογένειας διαθέτουν παρόμοια δομικά χαρακτηριστικά. Οι τετρασπανίνες συμμετέχουν σε διάφορες κυτταρικές λειτουργίες και η δυσλειτουργία τους έχει ενοχοποιηθεί για μια ποικιλία ετερόκλητων παθολογικών καταστάσεων, όπως για παράδειγμα η X-φυλοσύνδετη διανοητική καθυστέρηση, η ανεπάρκεια αντισωμάτων και η εκφύλιση του αμφιβληστροειδούς χιτώνα του οφθαλμού. Πλέον, οι τετρασπανίνες θεωρούνται μοριακοί μεσολαβητές που αλληλεπιδρούν με άλλες πρωτεΐνες και τις αγκυροβολούν σε ειδικά τμήματα της κυτταρικής μεμβράνης. Αυτά τα τμήματα της μεμβράνης ονομάζονται ιστοί τετρασπανινών (αγγλ.: tetraspanin webs) ή μικροπεδ (el)
  • Tetraspanin adalah keluarga dari protein membran ditemukan di semua eukariota multiselular.Tetraspanin juga disebut superfamili trasmembran 4 (TM4SF), memiliki empat domain transmembran, N- dan C-terminal intraselular dan dua domain ekstraseluler, satu pendek (disebut domain ekstraseluler kecil atau lingkaran, SED/SEL atau EC1) dan satu lagi biasanya 100 residu asam amino (domain ekstraseluler besar/lingkaran, LED/LEL atau EC2). Meskipun beberapa keluarga protein memiliki empat domain transmembran, tetraspanin didefinisikan oleh domain dilestarikan terdaftar dalam database Protein Families pfam00335.12. Fitur kunci adalah empat atau lebih residu sistein dalam domain EC2, dengan dua di antaranya motif 'CCG' sangat lestari. (in)
  • Tetraspanins are a family of membrane proteins found in all multicellular eukaryotes. Tetraspanins, also referred to as the transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins, have four transmembrane alpha-helices and two extracellular domains, one short (called the small extracellular domain or loop, SED/SEL or EC1) and one longer, typically 100 amino acid residues (the large extracellular domain/loop, LED/LEL or EC2). Although several protein families have four transmembrane alpha-helices, tetraspanins are defined by conserved amino acid sequences including four or more cysteine residues in the EC2 domain, with two in a highly conserved 'CCG' motif. Tetraspanins are often thought to act as scaffolding proteins, anchoring multiple proteins to one area of the cell membrane. (en)
  • Le tetraspanine sono una famiglia di proteine di membrana presenti in tutti gli eucarioti pluricellulari. Sono anche denominate proteine TM4SF (transmembrane 4 superfamily) poiché possiedono: * quattro domini transmembrana; * sequenze N-terminali e C-terminali intracellulari; * due domini extracellulari di cui: * uno più corto(denominato SED/SEL o EC1 (small extracellular domain or loop); * uno più lungo, tipicamente della grandezza di 100 residui aminoacidici (the large extracellular domain/loop, LED/LEL o EC2). * l'adesione cellulare; * motilità; * attivazione; * proliferazione. (it)
rdfs:label
  • Tetraspanine (de)
  • Τετρασπανίνη (el)
  • Tétraspanine (fr)
  • Tetraspanin (in)
  • Tetraspanine (it)
  • テトラスパニン (ja)
  • Tetraspanin (en)
  • Тетраспанины (ru)
  • 四跨膜蛋白 (zh)
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