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The Garnier Expedition was a French expedition in Tonkin between November 1873 and January 1874. Lieutenant Francis Garnier, who had been sent by France on the demand of Vietnamese Imperial authorities to bring back Jean Dupuis, an unruly French trader who was causing trouble in Hanoi, instead decided to side with Dupuis and captured the city of Hanoi, the capital of the Tonkin region.

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dbo:abstract
  • The Garnier Expedition was a French expedition in Tonkin between November 1873 and January 1874. Lieutenant Francis Garnier, who had been sent by France on the demand of Vietnamese Imperial authorities to bring back Jean Dupuis, an unruly French trader who was causing trouble in Hanoi, instead decided to side with Dupuis and captured the city of Hanoi, the capital of the Tonkin region. Following the capture of the city, Garnier and his small force launched themselves in a lighting military campaign that resulted in the conquest of most of the Tonkin region within three weeks. Garnier was eventually killed in action while repulsing an attack on Hanoi on 21 December, but his men nonetheless remained in control of the region. However, the campaign had not been planned or even allowed by the French government and a treaty was signed in 1874, which gave back all the conquered cities to Vietnam in exchange for a very favourable trade agreement and the installation of a French resident in Hanoi, as well the official recognition of all French possessions in Cochinchina. (en)
  • La spedizione Garnier fu una spedizione francese nel Tonchino che ebbe luogo tra il novembre 1873 e il gennaio 1874. Il tenente Francis Garnier, che era stato inviato dalla Francia su richiesta delle autorità imperiali vietnamite per far allontanare da Hanoi , un commerciante francese che stava causando problemi, decise invece di schierarsi con Dupuis e di prendere la città. Dopo la conquista di Hanoi, Garnier, alla guida del suo piccolo corpo di spedizione, si lanciò in una violenta campagna militare che portò, in tre settimane, alla conquista della maggior parte della regione del Tonchino. Garnier fu infine ucciso in combattimento il 21 dicembre 1873, mentre respingeva un attacco ad Hanoi. Ciononostante i suoi uomini riuscirono a mantenere il controllo della regione. La campagna non era stata né pianificata né permessa dal governo francese. Al suo termine, nel 1874, fu firmato un trattato che restituiva al Vietnam tutte le città conquistate in cambio di un accordo commerciale molto favorevole, dell'invio di un ministro residente francese ad Hanoi e del riconoscimento ufficiale di tutti i possedimenti francesi in Cocincina. (it)
  • 北圻變故(越南语:Biến cố Bắc Kỳ, 1873/變故北圻,1873)指的是1873年法蘭西第三共和國進攻北圻(越南北部)的事件。 1864年,法蘭西第二帝國通過南圻遠征,佔領了南圻(越南南部)。法國希望以南圻作為侵略大清的跳板。因此在1866年,法屬交趾支那總督(Pierre de la Grandière)派遣拉格雷(Doudard de Lagrée)中校和安鄴大尉逆湄公河而上,尋找去中國的水路,但失敗而回。而就在此時,一位名叫讓·迪皮伊(Jean Dupuis,越南史料稱之為涂普義)的法國人從中國歸來,告訴總督府說北圻有不少江河去中國雲南比較便利,因此總督府以前往雲南販賣武器為由,派遣米樂、(d'Arhaud)前去北圻,同時與駐守河內的欽差大臣黎峻討論通商之事。黎峻以未得到朝廷命令為由一再拖延。 迪皮伊不僅向中國的雲南總督出售武器,還參與了走私食鹽的生意,當時這在越南是違法的。嗣德帝得知後,派兵部右參知潘廷評為欽差大臣,前往河內,命令阮知方向迪皮伊交涉。迪皮伊援引1862年西貢條約的內容,聲稱已得到中國方面的許可,無需請求越南方面的許可,怒而離席。嗣德帝命黎峻、阮文祥前往西���,要求總督府懲治迪皮伊。總督馬里·儒勒·杜白蕾(Marie Jules Dupré,越南稱作「游悲黎」)少將決定佔據北圻,派遣安鄴大尉率170名士兵前往河內,聲稱要處理迪皮伊事件。 安鄴大尉率軍來到河內城下,僅帶數名士兵進入城中,同阮知方會面。安鄴不僅沒有談及迪皮伊事件,反而提出圍剿北圻的匪幫並要求開放紅河各口岸通商。阮知方拒絕了這些要求。但安鄴出城之後,單方面地宣佈開放紅河口岸。越南官員們十分不滿,阻撓通商。於是安鄴決定用武力保障通商。 1873年10月15日,安鄴率法國士兵攻打河內,用大炮攻擊城牆。河內很快便陷落,守城的陣亡,阮知方重傷。阮知方與潘廷評都被俘。阮知方拒絕接受治療,絕食而死。安鄴派法國士兵攻破寧平、南定、海陽等地,越南官軍望風而潰。 嗣德帝得知安鄴大尉攻佔河內,派陳廷肅、阮仲合、去河內求和,又派黃繼炎前去北圻防禦。同時派黎峻、阮文祥出使西貢,向法屬交趾支那總督府提出交涉。安鄴仍然拒絕退兵。黃繼炎聯合黑旗軍的劉永福,進攻河內。安鄴在被黑旗軍伏擊身亡。 1874年,法國代表保罗-路易-费利克斯·菲拉斯特(Paul-Louis-Félix Philastre,越南史料稱之為「霍道生」)與越南代表黎峻在西貢簽訂第二次西貢條約,迫使越南將安江省、河仙省、永隆省割讓給了法國。在越南的傳教行為得到允許。歸仁、海防等地被開闢為通商口岸。 (zh)
dbo:causalties
  • 5 killed
  • 11+ wounded
  • Dupuis' men:
  • French force:
  • Unknown, at least 1 killed
dbo:combatant
  • France
  • Vietnam
  • Black Flag Army
dbo:commander
dbo:date
  • 1873-11-05 (xsd:date)
dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict
dbo:place
dbo:result
  • French victory
  • Treaty of Saigon
dbo:strength
  • Twogunboats
  • *180 marines and sailors
  • *90 mercenaries
  • 270 men
  • Black Flag troops: 600
  • Hanoi: 7,000
  • Hưng Yên: Unknown
  • Hải Dương: 2,000
  • Nam Định: 5,000
  • Ninh Bình: 1,700
  • Phu Ly: 800
  • Sơn Tây: 2,000
  • Total: 15,000+
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  • 67787562 (xsd:integer)
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  • 65482 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
dbo:wikiPageRevisionID
  • 1095521499 (xsd:integer)
dbo:wikiPageWikiLink
dbp:caption
  • 0001-12-21 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:casualties
  • 5 (xsd:integer)
  • 11 (xsd:integer)
  • Hundreds killed (en)
  • Thousands captured (en)
  • Hundreds wounded (en)
  • Dupuis' men: (en)
  • French force: (en)
  • Unknown, at least 1 killed (en)
dbp:combatant
  • France (en)
  • Vietnam (en)
  • Black Flag Army (en)
dbp:commander
dbp:conflict
  • Garnier Expedition (en)
dbp:date
  • 0001-11-05 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:imageSize
  • 300 (xsd:integer)
dbp:partof
  • the French conquest of Vietnam (en)
dbp:place
  • Tonkin, Northern Vietnam (en)
dbp:result
  • French victory Treaty of Saigon (en)
dbp:strength
  • 270 (xsd:integer)
  • Two gunboats (en)
  • Black Flag troops: 600 (en)
  • Hanoi: 7,000 (en)
  • Hưng Yên: Unknown (en)
  • Hải Dương: 2,000 (en)
  • Nam Định: 5,000 (en)
  • Ninh Bình: 1,700 (en)
  • Phu Ly: 800 (en)
  • Sơn Tây: 2,000 (en)
  • Total: 15,000+ (en)
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate
dct:subject
rdf:type
rdfs:comment
  • The Garnier Expedition was a French expedition in Tonkin between November 1873 and January 1874. Lieutenant Francis Garnier, who had been sent by France on the demand of Vietnamese Imperial authorities to bring back Jean Dupuis, an unruly French trader who was causing trouble in Hanoi, instead decided to side with Dupuis and captured the city of Hanoi, the capital of the Tonkin region. (en)
  • La spedizione Garnier fu una spedizione francese nel Tonchino che ebbe luogo tra il novembre 1873 e il gennaio 1874. Il tenente Francis Garnier, che era stato inviato dalla Francia su richiesta delle autorità imperiali vietnamite per far allontanare da Hanoi , un commerciante francese che stava causando problemi, decise invece di schierarsi con Dupuis e di prendere la città. (it)
  • 北圻變故(越南语:Biến cố Bắc Kỳ, 1873/變故北圻,1873)指的是1873年法蘭西第三共和國進攻北圻(越南北部)的事件。 1864年,法蘭西第二帝國通過南圻遠征,佔領了南圻(越南南部)。法國希望以南圻作為侵略大清的跳板。因此在1866年,法屬交趾支那總督(Pierre de la Grandière)派遣拉格雷(Doudard de Lagrée)中校和安鄴大尉逆湄公河而上,尋找去中國的水路,但失敗而回。而就在此時,一位名叫讓·迪皮伊(Jean Dupuis,越南史料稱之為涂普義)的法國人從中國歸來,告訴總督府說北圻有不少江河去中國雲南比較便利,因此總督府以前往雲南販賣武器為由,派遣米樂、(d'Arhaud)前去北圻,同時與駐守河內的欽差大臣黎峻討論通商之事。黎峻以未得到朝廷命令為由一再拖延。 迪皮伊不僅向中國的雲南總督出售武器,還參與了走私食鹽的生意,當時這在越南是違法的。嗣德帝得知後,派兵部右參知潘廷評為欽差大臣,前往河內,命令阮知方向迪皮伊交涉。迪皮伊援引1862年西貢條約的內容,聲稱已得到中國方面的許可,無需請求越南方面的許可,怒而離席。嗣德帝命黎峻、阮文祥前往西貢,要求總督府懲治迪皮伊。總督馬里·儒勒·杜白蕾(Marie Jules Dupré,越南稱作「游悲黎」)少將決定佔據北圻,派遣安鄴大尉率170名士兵前往河內,聲稱要處理迪皮伊事件。 (zh)
rdfs:label
  • Garnier Expedition (en)
  • Spedizione Garnier (it)
  • 北圻變故 (zh)
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foaf:name
  • Garnier Expedition (en)
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