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- Chunshe (Spring Community Day) is a traditional folk festival originating from China. In Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou，it was a carnival where lovers could date. Gradually, it became a sacrifice ritual to appease/in honour of Tudishen (God of the Soil and the Ground). People usually celebrate this festival on the fifth Wu Day (according to Sexagenary cycle) after Lichun, which is near Chunfen. According to folklore, the date could be February 2, February 8, February 12, February 15 based on the lunar calendar. The record of Chunshe can be traced as far back as on oracle bones. With a history of more than 2000 years, it is one of China's oldest festivals. Chunshe remained a significant traditional festival in China before the Yuan Dynasty. Nowadays, though part of China (including mainland and Taiwan) still keeps the custom of worshiping Tudigong on February 2 (lunar calendar), the new celebration, now called Tudidan (the birthday of Tudigong), is not exactly the same as the traditional one. The Longtaitou Festival (meaning dragon raising its head), which is celebrated by the northern region of China, also retains some customs of Chunshe. A scholar once summarized the whole trajectory of Chunshe as "originating in the period of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, springing up in the Qin and Han dynasties, continuing in Wei, Jin, and the Northern and Southern dynasties, flourishing in Tang and Song dynasties and declining in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.".Like many other traditional festivals relevant to sacrifice, Chunshe can be divided into two types according to different hosts, namely the official Chunshe and the folk Chunshe. Official celebrations were grand and solemn with complex ceremonials, while the folk ones were full of life. People would hold parties in their communities and attend various leisure activities at that day. The customs included beating drums, feasting, drinking and watching drama in the community. Such merry occasions were rare. The Chinese word “Shehui" (society) actually has its root in community activities in Chunshe. Every year, the festival of Sheri (Community Day) is held two times, one in spring and one in autumn. It was because ancient Chinese believed that "the prayer in spring can be rewarded in autumn":540. , a famous scholar of I Ching at the turn of the Republic of China, described Sheri as "the oldest and the most prevailing festival in Chinese history". One of its legacies is the temples housing the Tudishen which are still common across China. (en)
- 春社是源自中国的传统民俗节日，是祭祀社稷土地神的日子，春社的时间一般为立春之後的第五个戊日，约在春分前後，但也有二月初二、二月初八、二月十二、二月十五之说。有些人認為社日在商、西周之原始时期，是男女幽会的狂欢节日。 春社在甲骨文中就有相关的记载，是中国最为古老的节日之一，距今已有两千年以上的历史，在元朝以前，在中国一直都是一个非常重要的传统节日。但目前在中國大陆和台湾，仅有部分地区存在二月二日拜土地公的习俗，并稱此日為土地誕、福德誕等，但与传统的春社不尽相同。在中国大陆北方部分地区的二月二龙抬头节中，亦有部分民俗沿袭自春社。关于春社的兴衰过程，有学者将其归结为“起源三代，初兴于秦汉，传承于魏晋南北朝，兴盛于唐宋，衰微于元明及清”。 与中国诸多祭祀类传统节日一样，根据主办方的不同，春社分为官社和民社。官社庄重肃穆，礼仪繁缛，而民社则充满生活气息，成为邻里娱乐聚宣的日子，同时有各种娱乐活动，有敲社鼓、食社饭、饮社酒、观社戏等诸多习俗，是民间不可多得��热闹节日。“社会”一词即起源于民社时的聚会活动。 春社一般与“”合称为“社日”，历来有“春祈秋报”的说法:540。清末民初著名易学家尚秉和称，社日“在中国历史上，可谓最古最普遍之佳节。”现今各地遍存的土地庙即是社日祭社时的遗存。 (zh)
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- 春社是源自中国的传统民俗节日，是祭祀社稷土地神的日子，春社的时间一般为立春之後的第五个戊日，约在春分前後，但也有二月初二、二月初八、二月十二、二月十五之说。有些人認為社日在商、西周之原始时期，是男女幽会的狂欢节日。 春社在甲骨文中就有相关的记载，是中国最为古老的节日之一，距今已有两千年以上的历史，在元朝以前，在中国一直都是一个非常重要的传统节日。但目前在中國大陆和台湾，仅有部分地区存在二月二日拜土地公的习俗，并稱此日為土地誕、福德誕等，但与传统的春社不尽相同。在中国大陆北方部分地区的二月二龙抬头节中，亦有部分民俗沿袭自春社。关于春社的兴衰过程，有学者将其归结为“起源三代，初兴于秦汉，传承于魏晋南北朝，兴盛于唐宋，衰微于元明及清”。 与中国诸多祭祀类传统节日一样，根据主办方的不同，春社分为官社和民社。官社庄重肃穆，礼仪繁缛，而民社则充满生活气息，成为邻里娱乐聚宣的日子，同时有各种娱乐活动，有敲社鼓、食社饭、饮社酒、观社戏等诸多习俗，是民间不可多得的热闹节日。“社会”一词即起源于民社时的聚会活动。 春社一般与“”合称为“社日”，历来有“春祈秋报”的说法:540。清末民初著名易学家尚秉和称，社日“在中国历史上，可谓最古最普遍之佳节。”现今各地遍存的土地庙即是社日祭社时的遗存。 (zh)
- Chunshe (Spring Community Day) is a traditional folk festival originating from China. In Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou，it was a carnival where lovers could date. Gradually, it became a sacrifice ritual to appease/in honour of Tudishen (God of the Soil and the Ground). People usually celebrate this festival on the fifth Wu Day (according to Sexagenary cycle) after Lichun, which is near Chunfen. According to folklore, the date could be February 2, February 8, February 12, February 15 based on the lunar calendar. (en)
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