Inclusion of interactions in mathematical modelling of implant assisted magnetic drug targeting. (English) Zbl 1236.76117
Summary: Drug delivery technologies are an important area within biomedicine. Targeted drug delivery aims to reduce the undesired side effects of drug usage by directing or capturing the active agents near a desired site within the body. This is particularly beneficial in, for instance, cancer chemotherapy, where the side effects of general (systemic) drug administration can be severe. One approach to targeted drug delivery uses magnetic nanoparticles as the constituents of carriers for the desired active agent. Once injected into the body, the behaviour of these magnetic carriers can be influenced and controlled by magnetic fields. In implant assisted magnetic drug targeting systems a magnetic implant, typically a stent, wire or spherical seed can be used to target sites deep within the body as the implant acts as a focus for the resulting magnetic force. This can be easily understood as the force depends on the gradient of the magnetic field and the gradient near the implant is large. In designing such a system many factors need to be considered including physical factors such as the size and nature of the implants and carriers, and the fields required. Moreover the range of applicability of these systems in terms of the regions of the vasculature system, from low blood velocity environments, such as capillary beds to higher velocity arteries, must be considered. Furthermore, assessment criteria for these systems are needed. Mathematical modelling and simulation has a valuable role to play in informing in vitro and in vivo experiments, leading to practical system design. Specifically, the implant assisted magnetic drug targeting systems of Avilés, Ebner and Ritter are considered within this work, and two dimensional mathematical modelling is performed using the open source C++ finite volume library OpenFOAM.
MSC:
| 76Z05 | Physiological flows |
| 92C50 | Medical applications (general) |
| 78A70 | Biological applications of optics and electromagnetic theory |
| 92C35 | Physiological flow |
Keywords:
OpenFOAM; magnetic drug targeting; magnetic nanoparticles; simulation; dipole; dipole interaction; hydrodynamic interaction; magnetizable stent magnetizable seedSoftware:
OpenFOAMReferences:
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