×
Niemann, Heinrich

Classification of characters by man and by machine. (English) Zbl 0383.68069

Pattern Recognition 9(1977), 173-179 (1978).
Page: −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 ±0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 Show Scanned Page
scan of Zbl 0383.68069

MSC:

68T10 Pattern recognition, speech recognition
62H30 Classification and discrimination; cluster analysis (statistical aspects)
Cite Review PDF
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Bakis, R., An experimental study of machine recognition of handprinted numerals, IEEE Trans. Syst. Sci. Cybern., 4, 119-132 (1968)
[2] Niemann, H.; Winkler, G., Eine Theorie zur quantitativen Beschreibung und Erkennung von Mustern, Nachrichtentechn. Zeitschrift, 22, 94-100 (1969)
[3] Andrews, R. D., The IBM-1975 optical page reader, IBM J. Res. Dev., 12, 364-371 (1968)
[4] Schürmann, J., Über systematisch konstruierte nichtlineare Klassifikatoren zur Handblockschrifterkennung, Elektron. Rechenanlagen, 13, 250-260 (1971)
[5] Greanias, E. C., The recognition of handwritten numerals by contour analysis, IBM J. Res. Dev., 7, 14-21 (1963) · Zbl 0106.11409
[6] Marko, H.; Giebel, H., Recognition of handwritten characters with a system of homogeneous layers, Nachrichtentechn. Zeitschrift, 23, 455-459 (1970)
[7] Chow, C. K., An optimum character recognition system using decision functions, IRE Trans. E. Comp., 6, 247-254 (1957)
[8] Neiṡser, U.; Weene, P., A note on human recognition of hand-printed characters, Inf. Control, 3, 191-196 (1960)
[9] Orhaug, T., An investigation of the discrimination characteristic in visual perception and its relation to image processing, (NATO Symposium on Image Processing. NATO Symposium on Image Processing, Munich (1969)), 303-306
[10] Bouma, H., Visual recognition of isolated lower case letters, Vision Res., 11, 459-474 (1971)
[11] Niemann, H.; Reinig, H. J., Experimente zur binären Klassifikation von Mustern durch den Menschen, Kybernetik, 11, 50-60 (1972)
[12] Seelen, W.v.; Reinig, H. J., Methoden zum Vergleich des Leistungsvermögens biologischer und technischer Systeme, Kybernetik, 9, 1-17 (1972)
[13] Watanabe, S., Karhunen-Loeve expansion and factor analysis, (Trans. 4th Prague Conf. on Inf. Theory (1967)), 635-660, Prague
[14] Fukunaga, K., Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition, ((1972), Academic Press: Academic Press New York), 226
[15] Niemann, H., An improved series expansion for pattern recognition, Nachrichtentech. Zeitschrift, 24, 473-477 (1971)
[16] Ott, R., On feature selection by means of principal axis transform and nonlinear classification, (Proc. 2nd Int. Joint Conf. on Pat. Recognition (1974)), 220-222, Kopenhagen
[17] Gantmacher, R., (Matrizenrechnung, 1 (1965), VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften Berlin)
[18] Niemann, H., Die Erzeugung von Mustern mit vorgegebenen statistischen Eigenschaften, Nachrichtentech. Zeitschrift, 24, 273-275 (1971)
[19] Arps, R. B., Entropy of printed matter at the threshold of legibility for efficient encoding in digital image processing, (Tech. Report No. 69-36261 (1969), Stanford University)
[20] Niemann, H., A comparison of classification results in character recognition by man and by machine, (Proc. 3rd Int. Jnt Conf. on Pat. Recognition (1976)), 144-147, Coronado
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.