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The Dirac bag model in strong magnetic fields. (English) Zbl 1528.35143

The authors study a Dirac operator restricted to an open, smooth, simply connected domain in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) coupled to a magnetic field which is smooth and which points in the direction orthogonal to the plane. The focus is on the bag boundary condition, which physically says that no current flows through the boundary \(\partial\Omega\). When \(\Omega\) is bounded, the authors show the asymptotic behavior of the low-lying energies in the limit of a strong magnetic field (the semi-classical limit \(h\to 0\) corresponds to the strong magnetic field limit with \(h\) fixed). The problem is also studied on a half plane for a constant magnetic field, and it is shown in particular that the Dirac operator has continuous spectrum except for a gap of size \(a_0 \sqrt{B}\) where \(0<a_0<\sqrt{2}\) and \(B\) is the constant value of the magnetic field. This constant also characterizes the energies of the system if domain is bounded; numerically it is shown that \(a_0 \approx 1.312\).

MSC:

35Q41 Time-dependent Schrödinger equations and Dirac equations
35Q60 PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory
81Q05 Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics
35P15 Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs
35B40 Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs
35B65 Smoothness and regularity of solutions to PDEs
49J35 Existence of solutions for minimax problems

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