Particle injection into a chain: decoherence versus relaxation for Hermitian and non-Hermitian dynamics. (English) Zbl 1246.81055
Summary: A model system for the injection of fermionic particles from filled source sites into an empty chain is investigated. The ensuing dynamics for Hermitian as well as for non-Hermitian time evolution, where the particles cannot return to the bath sites (quantum ratchet), is studied. A non-homogeneous hybridization between bath and chain sites permits transient currents in the chain. Non-interacting particles show decoherence in the thermodynamic limit: the average particle number and the average current density in the chain become stationary for long times, whereas the single-particle density matrix displays large fluctuations around its mean value. Using the numerical time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group (t-DMRG) method it is demonstrated, on the other hand, that sizable density-density interactions between the particles introduce relaxation which is by orders of magnitudes faster than the decoherence processes.
MSC:
| 81Q10 | Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis |
| 81Q12 | Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators |
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