×

A novel formulation for the weak quadrature element method for solving vibration of strain gradient graded nonlinear nanobeams. (English) Zbl 1505.74209

Summary: A novel formulation of the weak form quadrature element method, referred to as the locally adaptive weak quadrature element method, is proposed to develop elements for nonlinear graded strain gradient Timoshenko and Euler-Bernoulli nanobeams. The equations of motion are obtained based on Hamilton principle while accounting for the position of the physical neutral axis. The proposed elements use Gauss quadrature points to ensure full integration of the variational statement. The proposed formulation develops matrices based on the differential quadrature method which employs Lagrange-based polynomials. These matrices can be modified to accommodate any number of extra derivative degrees of freedom including third-order beams and higher-order strain gradient beams without requiring an entirely new formulation. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated based on the free vibration response of the linear and nonlinear strain gradient Timoshenko and Euler-Bernoulli nanobeams. Both linear and nonlinear frequencies are evaluated for a large number of configurations and boundary conditions. It is shown that the proposed formulation results in good accuracy and an improved convergence speed as compared to the locally adaptive quadrature element method and other weak quadrature element methods available in the literature.

MSC:

74S99 Numerical and other methods in solid mechanics
74H45 Vibrations in dynamical problems in solid mechanics
74K10 Rods (beams, columns, shafts, arches, rings, etc.)
74M25 Micromechanics of solids

Software:

NLvib

References:

[1] Thai, HT; Vo, TP; Nguyen, TK; Kim, SE, A review of continuum mechanics models for size-dependent analysis of beams and plates, Compos. Struct., 177, 196-219 (2017)
[2] Stolken, JS; Evans, AG, A microbend test method for measuring the plasticity length scale, Acta Mater., 46, 14, 5109-5115 (1998)
[3] Nix, WD, Mechanical properties of thin films, Metall. Trans. A, 20, 11, 2217-2245 (1989)
[4] Ma, Q.; Clarke, DR, Size dependent hardness of silver single crystals, J. Mater. Res., 10, 4, 853-863 (1995)
[5] Fleck, NA; Muller, GM; Ashby, MF; Hutchinson, JW, Strain gradient plasticity: theory and experiment, Acta Metall. Mater., 42, 2, 475-487 (1994)
[6] Chong, ACM; Lam, DCC, Strain gradient plasticity effect in indentation hardness of polymers, J. Mater. Res., 14, 10, 4103-4110 (1999)
[7] Toupin, RA, Elastic materials with couple-stresses, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 11, 1, 385-414 (1962) · Zbl 0112.16805
[8] Mindlin, RD; Tiersten, HF, Effects of couple-stresses in linear elasticity, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 11, 1, 415-448 (1962) · Zbl 0112.38906
[9] Koiter, W. T.: Couple-stress in the theory of elasticity. In: Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet. vol. 67, pp. 17-44. North Holland Pub (1964) · Zbl 0119.39504
[10] Yang, F.; Chong, ACM; Lam, DCC; Tong, P., Couple stress based strain gradient theory for elasticity, Int. J. Solids Struct., 39, 10, 2731-2743 (2002) · Zbl 1037.74006
[11] Mindlin, RD, Micro-structure in linear elasticity, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal., 16, 1, 51-78 (1964) · Zbl 0119.40302
[12] Mindlin, RD, Second gradient of strain and surface-tension in linear elasticity, Int. J. Solids Struct., 1, 4, 417-438 (1965)
[13] Jafari, A.; Shah-enayati, SS; Atai, AA, Size dependency in vibration analysis of nano plates; One problem, different answers, Eur. J. Mech. A Solids, 59, 124-139 (2016) · Zbl 1406.74299
[14] Ansari, R.; Norouzzadeh, A.; Gholami, R.; Faghih Shojaei, M.; Darabi, MA, Geometrically nonlinear free vibration and instability of fluid-conveying nanoscale pipes including surface stress effects, Microfluid. Nanofluid., 20, 1, 1-14 (2016)
[15] Ansari, R.; Gholami, R.; Norouzzadeh, A.; Darabi, MA, Wave characteristics of nanotubes conveying fluid based on the non-classical Timoshenko beam model incorporating surface energies, Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 41, 11, 4359-4369 (2016) · Zbl 1390.74043
[16] Ansari, R.; Gholami, R.; Norouzzadeh, A., Size-dependent thermo-mechanical vibration and instability of conveying fluid functionally graded nanoshells based on Mindlin’s strain gradient theory, Thin-Walled Struct., 105, 172-184 (2016)
[17] Ansari, R.; Gholami, R.; Norouzzadeh, A.; Sahmani, S., Size-dependent vibration and instability of fluid-conveying functionally graded microshells based on the modified couple stress theory, Microfluid. Nanofluid., 19, 3, 509-522 (2015)
[18] Ansari, R.; Gholami, R.; Norouzzadeh, A.; Darabi, MA, Surface stress effect on the vibration and instability of nanoscale pipes conveying fluid based on a size-dependent Timoshenko beam model, Acta. Mech. Sin., 31, 5, 708-719 (2015) · Zbl 1345.74034
[19] Ansari, R.; Norouzzadeh, A.; Gholami, R.; Faghih Shojaei, M.; Hosseinzadeh, M., Size-dependent nonlinear vibration and instability of embedded fluid-conveying SWBNNTs in thermal environment, Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 61, 148-157 (2014)
[20] Wang, L., Vibration analysis of fluid-conveying nanotubes with consideration of surface effects, Phys. E, 43, 1, 437-439 (2010)
[21] Zhang, B., Li, H., Kong, L., Wang, J., Shen, H.: Strain gradient differential quadrature beam finite elements. Comput. Struct. 218, 170-189 (2019)
[22] Ansari, R., Faghih Shojaei, M., Rouhi, H.: Small-scale Timoshenko beam element. Eur. J. Mech. A Solids 53, 19-33 (2015) · Zbl 1406.74368
[23] Ansari, R., Faghih Shojaei, M., Ebrahimi, F., Rouhi, H., Bazdid-Vahdati, M.: A novel size-dependent microbeam element based on Mindlin’s strain gradient theory. Eng. Comput. 32(1), 99-108 (2016)
[24] Ansari, R., Faghih Shojaei, M., Ebrahimi, F., Rouhi, H.: A non-classical Timoshenko beam element for the postbuckling analysis of microbeams based on Mindlin’s strain gradient theory. Arch. Appl. Mech. 85(7), 937-953 (2015) · Zbl 1341.74091
[25] Ebrahimi, F.; Ansari, R.; Faghih Shojaei, M.; Rouhi, H., Postbuckling analysis of microscale beams based on a strain gradient finite element approach, Meccanica, 51, 10, 2493-2507 (2016) · Zbl 1348.74126
[26] Kahrobaiyan, MH; Asghari, M.; Ahmadian, MT, Strain gradient beam element, Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 68, 63-75 (2013) · Zbl 1302.74089
[27] Kahrobaiyan, MH; Asghari, M.; Ahmadian, MT, A strain gradient Timoshenko beam element: application to MEMS, Acta Mech., 226, 2, 505-525 (2014) · Zbl 1323.74088
[28] Zhang, B.; He, Y.; Liu, D.; Gan, Z.; Shen, L., Non-classical Timoshenko beam element based on the strain gradient elasticity theory, Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 79, 22-39 (2014)
[29] Zhang, L., Wang, B., Liang, B., Zhou, S., Xue, Y.: A size-dependent finite-element model for a micro/nanoscale Timoshenko beam. Int. J. Multiscale Comput. Eng. 13(6), 491-506 (2015)
[30] Eltaher, MA; Hamed, MA; Sadoun, AM; Mansour, A., Mechanical analysis of higher order gradient nanobeams, Appl. Math. Comput., 229, 260-272 (2014) · Zbl 1364.74013
[31] Jafari, A.; Ezzati, M., Investigating the non-classical boundary conditions relevant to strain gradient theories, Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 86, 88-102 (2017)
[32] Khodabakhshi, P.; Reddy, JN, A unified beam theory with strain gradient effect and the von Kármán nonlinearity, J. Appl. Math. Mech., 97, 1, 70-91 (2016) · Zbl 07775115
[33] El-Borgi, S.; Rajendran, P.; Friswell, MI; Trabelssi, M.; Reddy, JN, Torsional vibration of size-dependent viscoelastic rods using nonlocal strain and velocity gradient theory, Compos. Struct., 186, 274-292 (2018)
[34] Ouakad, HM; Sami El-Borgi, S.; Mousavi, M.; Friswell, MI, Static and dynamic response of CNT nanobeam using nonlocal strain and velocity gradient theory, Appl. Math. Modell., 62, 207-222 (2018) · Zbl 1460.74054
[35] Ng, CHW; Zhao, YB; Xiang, Y.; Wei, GW, On the accuracy and stability of a variety of differential quadrature formulations for the vibration analysis of beams, Int. J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 1, 4, 1-25 (2009)
[36] Mohammadian, M.; Hosseini, SM; Abolbashari, MH, Lateral vibrations of embedded hetero-junction carbon nanotubes based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory: analytical and differential quadrature element (DQE) methods, Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct., 105, 68-82 (2019)
[37] Willberg, C.; Duczek, S.; Vivar Perez, JM; Schmicker, D.; Gabbert, U., Comparison of different higher order finite element schemes for the simulation of Lamb waves, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 241-244, 246-261 (2012) · Zbl 1353.74077
[38] Jin, C.; Wang, X.; Ge, L., Novel weak form quadrature element method with expanded Chebyshev nodes, Appl. Math. Lett., 34, 51-59 (2014) · Zbl 1314.74063
[39] Wang, X., Differential Quadrature and Differential Quadrature Based Element Methods: Theory and Applications (2015), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford · Zbl 1360.74003
[40] Wang, X.; Yuan, Z., Three-dimensional vibration analysis of curved and twisted beams with irregular shapes of cross-sections by sub-parametric quadrature element method, Comput. Math. Appl., 76, 6, 1486-1499 (2018) · Zbl 1434.65279
[41] Ishaquddin, Md; Gopalakrishnan, S., A novel weak form quadrature element for gradient elastic beam theories, Appl. Math. Model., 77, 1-16 (2020) · Zbl 1448.74106
[42] Wang, X., Novel differential quadrature element method for vibration analysis of hybrid nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beams, Appl. Math. Lett., 77, 94-100 (2018) · Zbl 1469.74132
[43] Şimşek, M.: Nonlinear free vibration of a functionally graded nanobeam using nonlocal strain gradient theory and a novel Hamiltonian approach. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 105, 12-27 (2016) · Zbl 1423.74412
[44] Eltaher, MA; Alshorbagy, AE; Mahmoud, FF, Determination of neutral axis position and its effect on natural frequencies of functionally graded macro/nanobeams, Compos. Struct., 99, 193-201 (2013)
[45] Trabelssi, M.; El-Borgi, S.; Fernandes, R.; Ke, L-L, Nonlocal free and forced vibration of a graded Timoshenko nanobeam resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation, Compos. Part B Eng., 157, 331-349 (2019)
[46] Trabelssi, M., El-Borgi, S., Friswell, M. I.: A high-order FEM formulation for free and forced vibration analysis of a nonlocal nonlinear graded Timoshenko nanobeam based on the weak form quadrature element method. Arch. Appl. Mech. (2020)
[47] Li, L.; Li, X.; Hu, Y., Nonlinear bending and free vibration analyses of nonlocal strain gradient beams made of functionally graded material, Int. J. Eng. Sci., 107, 77-97 (2016) · Zbl 1423.74496
[48] Li, L.; Li, X.; Hu, Y., Free vibration analysis of nonlocal strain gradient beams made of functionally graded material, Int. J. Eng. Sci., 102, 77-92 (2016) · Zbl 1423.74399
[49] Shu, C., Differential Quadrature and its Application in Engineering (2012), Cham: Springer Science & Business Media, Cham
[50] Papargyri-Beskou, S.; Polyzos, D.; Beskos, DE, Dynamic analysis of gradient elastic flexural beams, Struct. Eng. Mech., 15, 5, 705-716 (2003) · Zbl 1022.74010
[51] Ghorbanpour, AA; Reza, K.; Masoud, E., Nonlinear vibration analysis of piezoelectric plates reinforced with carbon nanotubes using dqm, Smart Struct. Syst., 18, 787-800 (2016)
[52] Yang, J., Ke, L.L., Kitipornchai, S.: Nonlinear free vibration of single-walled carbon nanotubes using nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory. Phys. E 42(5), 1727-1735 (2010)
[53] Malekzadeh, P.; Vosoughi, AR, DQM large amplitude vibration of composite beams on nonlinear elastic foundations with restrained edges, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul., 14, 3, 906-915 (2009)
[54] Krack, M.; Gross, J., Harmonic Balance for Nonlinear Vibration Problems (2019), Cham: Springer International Publishing, Cham · Zbl 1416.70003
[55] Tomasiello, S., Differential quadrature method: application to initial-boundary-value problems, J. Sound Vib., 218, 4, 573-585 (1998)
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.