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Some homotopy properties of spaces of finite subsets of topological spaces. (English) Zbl 0988.54015

For \(X\) a nonempty topological space, \(k\) a positive integer, the author considers \(\text{Sub}(X,k)\) the set of nonempty subsets of \(X\) having cardinality \(\leq k\), topologized such that for \(i=1,\dots,k\) the configuration space \(C(X,i)\) with its standard topology will be a subspace of \(\text{Sub} (X,k)\). First, the author establishes some general topological properties and some homotopy properties for \(\text{Sub}(X,k)\). The \(\text{Sub}(\cdot,k)\) are homotopy functors and their properties are studied.
The first main result is that if \(X\) is a nonempty path-connected Hausdorff space, then for each \(k\geq 1\) and \(n\geq 0\) the map \(\pi_n(\text{Sub}(X,k)) \to\pi_n( \text{Sub} (X,2k+1))\) induced by the inclusion is the 0-map.
In contrast with this (in the direction of nontriviality) the second main result is that if \(X\) is a nonempty closed manifold of dimension \(\geq 2\), then \(\text{Sub} (X,k)\) is homologically nontrivial for all \(k\geq 1\).

MSC:

54B99 Basic constructions in general topology
55P05 Homotopy extension properties, cofibrations in algebraic topology
55Q52 Homotopy groups of special spaces
57N65 Algebraic topology of manifolds
54D35 Extensions of spaces (compactifications, supercompactifications, completions, etc.)
55M15 Absolute neighborhood retracts